Trabajos de Titulación - Medicina
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEficacia de la inmunoterapia con células monoclonales en cáncer de páncreas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Arízaga Toledo, Fabián Alberto; Villa Clavijo , Christian Daniel; 0106228463Pancreatic cancer is an uncontrolled proliferation of pancreatic cells that can lead to a tumor. It is usually diagnosed late since its initial symptoms can be confused with different pathological diagnoses at the gastrointestinal level. It has a high mortality rate worldwide; survival after diagnosis is approximately five months. Several studies have shown promising results in treating immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies; therefore, this literature review aims to describe the effectiveness of monoclonal cell treatment and its feasibility as monotherapy for pancreatic cancer. In conclusion, immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies can be used as an adjuvant treatment in combination with chemotherapy since a favorable response has been seen in pancreatic cancer.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoLinfoma no Hodgkin y terapia biológica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Barros Narváez, Daniela Lorena; León Pesantez, María Isabel; 0107095291Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) belongs to a group of malignant neoplasms originating in lymphoid tissues, primarily in the lymph nodes. NHL has different subtypes, including epidemiology, etiology, and clinical and genetic characteristics. NHL is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States after breast, prostate, bladder, colorectal, and lung cancer; this review aims to describe the efficacy of biological therapy in NHL. Ten articles were used where monoclonal antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) were found to have an overall response rate (ORR) (of 54.7-91%), a complete response (17.2-69%) and a highly significant progression-free survival. It has been shown that there is efficacy in using different biological therapies in NHL, mainly using the monoclonal antibody known as rituximab in CD 20+ diffuse B-cell lymphoma and CAR-T in relapsed NHL. Biological therapy's most frequent adverse effects are neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and lymphopenia.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoInhibidores de los cotransportadores de sodioglucosa tipo 2 y su asociación con infecciones del tracto genitourinario en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Unidad Académica de Salud y Bienestar. Medicina, 2024) Calle Reinoso, Wendy Guadalupe; Flores Montesinos, Carlos Enrique; 0302949227Genitourinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients represent one of the most common complications. This is due to the use of oral antidiabetic medications such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which are utilized to maintain appropriate blood glucose levels. The mechanisms of these medications, combined with the underlying risk factors of the patients, lead to a state of immunosuppression, making them more susceptible to acquiring various types of infections including respiratory, genital fungal, and urinary tract, among others. Therefore, it is proposed to describe the relationship between the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and genitourinary infections in patients with T2DM through a narrative literature review. It is concluded that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with T2DM is significantly associated with the acquisition of genital infections and, to a lesser extent, with urinary tract infections.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoTerapia profiláctica medicamentosa en abuso sexual(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Manzano Merchán , Luis Daniel; Dominguez Villizhanay, Juan Diego; 0104389234Background: Sexual abuse is a significant concern in society and, due to its incidence, victims require prophylactic drug treatment to prevent specific diseases such as Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Human papillomavirus (HPV), Syphilis, Gonorrhea, among others, under the supervision of health professionals to reduce risks and side effects. Objective: To describe prophylactic drug treatment in patients who have experienced sexual abuse. Methodology: The research consisted of a literature review on sexual abuse and the drugs used to contrast any sexually transmitted condition that may lead to such abuse. For this reason, the study used scientific databases and clinical care guides. Considering a research interval of the last five years and as search strategies, the terms sexual abuse, prophylactic therapy, drug therapy, and treatment, 36 articles were included for analysis. Results: Thirty-six studies were identified and categorized by year, authorship, and language. Conclusion: Prophylactic drug therapies in the comprehensive care of sexual abuse victims aim to prevent physical illness within an interdisciplinary approach always, with the informed consent of the victim, thus ensuring sensitive and effective care that meets their needs.
- ÍtemEmbargoLinfadenitis necrotizante asociada a Kikuchi Fujimoto; reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Alvarado Webster, Ana Paula; Reibán Espinoza, Esteban Adrián; 0105565535A case is presented of a 21-year-old female patient with febrile ademic symptoms, skin rash predominantly in the cervical and thoracic region accompanied by painful generalized lymphadenopathy that initially simulated a diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein Bar virus, for which treatment with non-anti-inflammatory drugs was started. Due to the non-positive evolution, steroids are suspected in Non- Hodgkin's Lymphoma, the diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is ruled out with histological study by excisional biopsy of the left supraclavicular lymph node. The favorable evolution stands out for being a self-limited benign disease, however it continues to be a paroxysmal entity of an important autoimmune disease, the patient develops Sjogren's Syndrome with extraglandular involvement 12 months after the initial diagnosis. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a rare entity characterized by subacute necrotizing lymphadenopathy, young adults of Asian descent are the most affected, characterized by the expansion of paracortical lymph nodes with patchy and well-defined areas of necrosis that show abundant nuclear remains. karyorrhexic and absence of neutrophils and eosinophils. There is a marked predominance of T cells in lesions with very few B cells. This pathology is associated with several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome.
