Complicaciones maternas de la embolia de líquido amniótico

Abstract

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is defined as one of the most catastrophic complications of childbirth, with a high maternal mortality rate of 1 case per 100,000 deliveries. When Amniotic fluid (AF) enters the maternal circulation, it causes immune responses that interact with fetal antigens, leading to several life-threatening complications for the mother, such as pulmonary hypertension and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and potentially resulting in death. There are no prescribed diagnostic criteria; however, the primary focus is the patient's clinical presentation, which includes a characteristic triad of this disease: hemorrhage, hypoxia, and hypertension. Treatment is based on improving the signs and symptoms of the triad to prevent the patient from further complications. Oxygenation should be provided for hypoxia, crystalloids, or inotropic drugs for hypovolemia caused by excessive bleeding, and anticoagulants for disseminated intravascular coagulation.