Trabajos de Titulación - Medicina
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/23
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Espondilitis Anquilosante: Reporte de caso(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Orellana Cuesta , Ana Carolina; Salamea Sarmiento, Cecibel Johanna; 0105106603Introduction: A case is reported at the “José Carrasco Arteaga” Hospital, which is particularly significant due to its early onset at 14 years of age, being unusual since the disease generally presents at around 30 years of age, with a peak at 25 years old. This report contributes to the scientific literature by providing detailed documentation of the evolution of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) in a young patient, highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in this age group. Clinical Manifestations: The patient presented with primary symptoms of chronic low back pain, morning stiffness, and fatigue, along with a family history of rheumatic diseases. These findings, together with clinical and imaging examinations, allowed the identification of typical features of AS, including bilateral sacroiliitis and signs of inflammation in the joints. Diagnosis: It was established through a combination of symptom and image findings, confirming the presence of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Therapeutic interventions included using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and intensive physical therapy, resulting in significant improvement for the patient. Conclusion: The main lesson learned from this case is the importance of considering AS as a differential diagnosis in young patients with chronic low back pain and relevant family history, even when the age of onset is unusually early. This case highlights the need for an early and comprehensive evaluation to implement timely therapeutic interventions and improve long-term outcomes in young patients with AS.Ítem Acceso Abierto Enfermedad Renal Crónica Terminal secundaria mutación MYH9RD: reporte de caso(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Medina Quizhpi, Karen Nicole; Bueno Castro , Andrés Santiago; 0104799242The condition characterized by the irreversible and progressive loss of kidney function is defined as End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Such loss eventually requires that the patient initiate a renal replacement therapeutic plan such as peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, or a kidney transplant. There is a prevalence of at least 1 in 20,000 – 25,000 regarding diseases related to the MYH9RD mutation; the inheritance pattern is autosomal dominant. This case report concerns a 12-year-old male patient. The clinical features include generalized pallor, ecchymosis spread throughout the body, and fine tremors in the upper and lower extremities. He is diagnosed with end-stage renal failure resulting from the MYH9RD mutation. Therapy is initiated with the placement of a Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis. In conclusion, the mutation in the MYH9RD gene tends to have significant physical repercussions in several areas, such as the kidney, in which the therapy negatively impacts the patient's living conditions, resulting in a significant emotional effect.Ítem Acceso Abierto Tofacitinib versus Etanercept como tratamiento de artritis reumatoide en adultos entre 45-55 años(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Cevallos Diaz , Dianela Carolina; Cuenca Alvarado , Erika Karina; Salamea Sarmiento , Cecibel Johanna; 0705465243; 0105640734Title: Tofacitinib versus Etanercept as a Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis in 44-45 Year-Old Adults Objective: This research aims to determine the adverse effects of tofacitinib and etanercept in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in 44-45 year-old adults. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted, considering clinical trials and case reports. The search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and 11 studies were chosen. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Systematic Reviews tool. Results: Eleven studies were considered according to the eligibility criteria, and they determined that the most common adverse effects were skin infections, with the highest percentage of 28%. In addition, the risk of developing cancer was notably lower in the group of patients using Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) inhibitors compared to those using non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs as treatment, both before and after administration of the drugs. Discussion: Various studies determined that, among dermatological and subcutaneous alterations, pruritus was mentioned as the most frequent; in infections and infestations, nasopharyngitis was the most frequent, followed by cystitis and pneumonia. Conclusion: The study indicates that TNF inhibitors significantly reduce the risk of patients developing cancer compared to tofacitinib. However, it is associated with a higher rate of pulmonary thrombosis. Common adverse reactions include pruritus, pain at the injection site, and several infections, with some severe complications such as sepsis.Ítem Acceso Abierto Impacto de la telemedicina en la precisión del diagnóstico médico(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Merchán Morocho, Jennifer Karina; Serrano Paredes , Karina De Lourdes; 0105570758Telemedicine and telediagnosis have emerged in chronic diseases, completely transforming how they are treated. These technological advances have managed to reduce delays and overcome obstacles in the public health field, allowing medical interventions to be delivered more efficiently. Fortunately, advances in telecommunication have opened the doors to a horizon of possibilities. It is now possible to provide various health services to more people affected by chronic diseases, such as diabetes, respiratory or heart disease, and their associated complications, which would otherwise represent an expensive burden on the public health system. Revealing data on the positive impact of the inclusion of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases was discovered through extensive research. Implementing these tools has significantly reduced the number of patients requiring hospitalization due to exacerbations or complications of their primary disease. Additionally, there has been a marked improvement in the overall well-being of patients and a decrease in the mortality rate. However, despite the progress made, these virtual tools still face obstacles to their adoption globally. Technological and educational limitations present significant challenges, hindering widespread implementation and equitable access. However, as we overcome these barriers, it is clear that telemedicine and telediagnosis have the potential to change the healthcare panorama for chronic diseases radically.Ítem Acceso Abierto Complicaciones Endocrinológicas posterior a Trasplante de Células Progenitoras Hematopoyéticas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Cedillo Morán , Lina Briggitte; Puente Mosquera, Karola Adriana; 0705459931Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell engraftment, also known as bone marrow transplantation or hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation, is a therapeutic procedure that involves the infusion of autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells into a patient aiming at restoring normal hematopoietic function. Main Findings from the Review: Patients who undergo hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation tend to experience an extended period of dysfunction, which is caused by the administration of the conditioning regime and the infusion of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Additionally, the type of transplantation is described based on the origin of the progenitor cells, whether autologous, allogeneic, or syngeneic. Understanding post-transplant endocrinological complications is crucial for early decompensation detection, thereby improving outcomes. Conclusions: It is important to note that hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation is a medical procedure that involves the transfer of hematopoietic stem cells, which are immature cells capable of differentiating into various types of blood cells, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This treatment is used to manage various diseases, including leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and other conditions associated with the immune system.Ítem Acceso Abierto Reporte de caso: leucemia mieloide crónica BCR-ABL negativo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Soria Pangol , Paúl Esteban; Córdova Serrano, Rosana Daniela; 0105944367The study of BCR/AB- negative chronic myeloid leukemia is of great medical importance because it is a disease that is still unknown, of low prevalence, and highly aggressive and difficult to treat. Therefore, staying up to date on this disease is crucial to improving diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Currently, only a few cases have been reported and published for study; thus, this report will provide additional information on this pathology. The case of a 64-year-old mixed-race female patient, presenting with symptoms of generalized jaundice and ecchymosis, is reported. She was hospitalized for possible leukemia. Various complementary examinations were performed, including a complete blood count, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, and genetic and cytogenetic tests, leading to a diagnosis of atypical myeloid leukemia. Hydroxyurea was started as initial treatment from admission until voluntary discharge. This case report aims to provide useful information on the clinical findings, diagnostic results, responses to treatment, and the patient’s evolution. This is fundamental for advancing the reader's medical knowledge.Ítem Acceso Abierto Utilización de probióticos en la microbiota intestinal en la población pediátrica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Sarmiento Uguña, Paola Carolina; Herrera Jaramillo, María Isabel; 0106060015The intestinal flora or microbiota is the group of bacteria that reside throughout the intestinal tract, permanently interacting with the aim of mutually benefiting each other. Objective: To analyze the benefits that come with the use of probiotics in the intestinal microbiota of the pediatric population Methodology: The present study is a bibliographic review approached under a descriptive design, considering the following sources of information: PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Redalyc, SciELO and Web of Science. Results: Probiotics help maintain intestinal flora; stimulate the immune system of the pediatric patient and contribute to their state of health. Conclusions: The use of probiotics is an alternative to prevent a number of digestive, intestinal and liver conditions. The most commonly used probiotics areEnterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus salivaris, subtilis, rhamnosus GG, Bifidobacterium Bifidum, Boulardii, Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacteria. The use of these supplements modifies the toxins derived from pathogens, promotes the growth and proliferation of beneficial agents, stimulates resistance to the colonization of harmful bacteria, reduces the pH of the digestive tract and provides artificial nutritional support. Its administration does not have significant complications, but it can lead to adverse effects such as gas, bloating and stomach pain, general body discomfort, skin rashes and metabolicproblems. The selection criteria are: to be duly validated, to be gastro-resistant and to be able to adhere to the intestinal mucosa.Ítem Acceso Abierto Relación entre el nivel de riesgo del consumo de alcohol y la dinámica familiar en adultos de 18-60 años en la parroquia Sinincay, Cuenca-Ecuador. 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Narváez Puma, Blanca Alicia; Quintuña Quichimbo , Adriana Jaqueline; Vintimilla Espinoza , María José; 0106060015; 0105841860Introduction: Alcoholism, as a public health challenge, constitutes a factor that, depending on the level of consumption, will have consequences in the family environment, causing dysfunction. Objective: To determine the relationship between alcohol risk consumption and family dynamics in 18-60-year-old adults from Sinincay parish, Cuenca – Ecuador, 2024. Methodology: A quantitative approach of correlational-analytical and cross-sectional scope was applied. A sample of 376 individuals was taken, and the data analysis was elaborated with SPSS using Chi-square and Odds ratio. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to evaluate the risk of alcoholism, and the Family Functionality (FF-SIL) test for family dysfunction. Results: Most participants were men (60%) aged 28-37 years of a medium socioeconomic level (70%). It was observed that 43% of the group had some level of problematic alcohol consumption: 25% with risk consumption, 11% with harmful consumption, and 7% with dependence. Regarding family functioning, 33.5% of the families were functional, 36.7% moderately functional, 25% dysfunctional, and 4.8% severely dysfunctional. Analysis of variance indicated a significant relationship between the variables, showing that higher levels of alcohol consumption were associated with more significant family dysfunction. Conclusion: The results suggest that the level of risk of alcohol consumption is related to family dysfunction. This underlines the need for interventions to address alcohol consumption in the family context. Further studies are recommended to validate these findings and explore effective preventive and therapeutic interventions in community environments.Ítem Acceso Abierto Nuevas estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento en la enfermedad de Perthes(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Gómez Ávila , Dalila Lizbeth; Flores Flores , Pedro Martin; 0107065526Perthes disease is an avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head that primarily affects children. It is a condition with long-term risks. The incidence is higher in males with different regional variations. This review focuses on recent innovations in diagnosis and treatment for more timely treatment. Diagnosistically, non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences has been implemented, allowing for early detection of changes in the femoral epiphysis. In addition, perfusion MRI (pMRI) and quantitative T2 and T1ρ mapping provide valuable information on blood perfusion and epiphyseal cartilage quality. Furthermore, biomarkers such as CD31+/CD42b-EMPs and IL-6 are useful for assessing vascular health and inflammation. Based on various articles, proposed treatment techniques include surgical interventions. Triple osteotomy, proximal femoral osteotomy, and containment osteotomy have been shown to improve joint congruency in the affected hip. Moreover, biological therapies using growth factors and stem cells, along with immunomodulators, offer promising prospects for bone tissue regeneration and modulation of the inflammatory response. The main conclusion is that combining new diagnostic methods with advanced therapies can significantly improve the short- and long-term outcomes in Perthes disease, optimizing clinical management and patients' quality of life.Ítem Acceso Abierto Eficacia del Ulipristal como tratamiento en la reducción del tamaño de los miomas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Coyago Molina, Domenica Elizabeth; Muñoz Cajilima, Juan Pablo; 0105418214Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are benign neoplasms arising from smooth muscle cells in the myometrium, affecting approximately 40% of women of reproductive age. Their growth is stimulated mainly by estrogens and progesterone. Ulipristal acetate (UPA), a selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), has shown efficacy in reducing the size of fibroids and improving symptoms such as menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain. The literature review reveals that, although UPA is presented as a promising alternative to surgical treatment of uterine fibroids, close monitoring of liver function is essential to ensure patient safety. Evidence suggests the importance of estrogens and progesterone in the pathophysiology of fibroids, making SPRMs an effective therapeutic option. However, the recent discontinuation of UPA highlights the need for further research to evaluate its hepatic safety. Thus, UPA remains a viable and effective option for patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids, provided that adequate surveillance is performed and each case is considered on an individual basis.Ítem Embargo Eficacia del Ocrelizumab como tratamiento de primera línea para pacientes adultos jóvenes con esclerosis múltiple(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Samaniego Cando , William Fernando; Idrovo Jiménez , Humberto Eduardo; Jaramillo Alvarez, Christian Andres; 0107388308; 0604763144Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargoÍtem Acceso Abierto Biofeedback y coherencia cardiaca en el manejo y prevención del estrés(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Cárdenas Coronel , Ivonne Salomé; Tapia Pinguil , Álvaro Paul; 0150349132Introduction: Stress affects physical and mental health worldwide. Studies show that stress is the cause of about 90% of pathologies. Moreover, it is also one of the most frequent reasons for consultation, which is why techniques have been develop to manage and prevent stress. These techniques allow people to visualize and consciously control the psychological processes and physiological functions, such as heart rate. These techniques aim to achieve cardiac coherence, synchronizing the heart’s activity with emotions and the brain. Literature Review: Evidence shows that the heart is taken as the main organ to regulate stress due to its significant capacity to maintain the body's harmony, known as cardiac coherence. Studies on stress management and prevention have shown that applying feedback techniques significantly improves performance and emotional self-control during stressful situations. Conclusion: Finally, research shows positive results when subjects self-regulate their cardiac coherence, especially when associated with positive emotions or thoughts. Furthermore, it seems that the rhythmic pattern of the heart rate can be synchronized even between people in proximity. Although studies on cardiac coherence have been conducted, more research is nowadays needed to incorporate these techniques into clinical treatments.Ítem Acceso Abierto Eficacia de la terapia hiperbárica en úlceras crónicas de pie diabético(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Chuga Alarcon, Elena Victoria; Còrdova Pesantez, Katheryn Janela; Espinosa Espinisa Hermel; 1727186817; 1400819049Introduction: Diabetic foot is a public health problem that affects a quarter of patients with diabetes mellitus. Conventional therapies are effective in the management of this pathology. However, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is an alternative that could be effective as an adjuvant to these conventional therapies in recent years. Objective: To determine the efficacy of hyperbaric therapy as an adjuvant in chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement, which met the inclusion criteria: clinical trials and articles without language restriction within the last five years. Information was searched in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The MeSH search terms were: hyperbaric therapy, chronic ulcer, diabetes mellitus, and adjuvants, in combination with the "AND," "OR," and "NOT" Boolean operators. The Jadad Scale was used. Results: The results show that hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjuvant to conventional therapies in patients with Wagner stage II to IV diabetic foot significantly improves (p=0.001). Likewise, it was observed that standard therapy plus adjuvant hyperbaric therapy in chronic diabetic foot ulcers decreases ulcer area and pain intensity significantly (p<0.001). Conclusion: HBOT is suggested as an adjuvant therapy, which helps to potentiate the healing rate of ulcers in patients with diabetic feet.Ítem Acceso Abierto Estudio de la expresión genética en el cáncer de pulmón: implicaciones para la terapia personalizada(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Valero Bazurto, Jordy Antonio; Ramirez Portilla, Cristian Carlos; 0104151402Introduction: Globally, lung cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, accounting for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. Despite significant advancements in detection and management, survival rates remain low due to late diagnoses and treatment resistance. This study focuses on the genetic implications and efficacy of targeted therapies for mutations in genes such as KRAS, ALK, and EGFR. Literature Review: Lung cancer is a pathology affecting millions worldwide, representing one of the primary neoplastic diseases strongly associated with excessive tobacco consumption, its main risk factor. Furthermore, specific co-morbidities like HIV and tuberculosis, alongside patient-specific genetic factors, are directly linked to a poor prognosis. Genetic mutations, specifically in the ALK and EGFR genes, are common and highly aggressive due to their active participation in the regulation of cell growth and survival. This genetic involvement highlights the relevance of developing targeted therapies for lung cancer patients. Therefore, each involved gene is thoroughly studied for accurate diagnosis and to establish a specific and compelling therapy for each patient. Conclusion: Targeted therapies for ALK, KRAS, and EGFR gene mutations have demonstrated superior efficacy and a more favorable safety profile compared to conventional therapies. Brigatinib and alectinib stand out as preferred options for ALK mutations, while osimertinib and erlotinib are recommended for patients with EGFR mutations.Ítem Acceso Abierto Belinostat como tratamiento del linfoma de células T periférico recidivante: Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Barrera Barrera , Erika Samantha; Vera Arévalo , Daniela Anahí; Puente Mosquera, Karola Adriana; 0106916968; 0106690092Title: Belinostat as Treatment for Relapsed Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: A Systematic Review Objective: This study aims to determine the therapeutic utility of Belinostat in relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted, including clinical trials and case reports, in which a search was performed in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, reporting on drug tolerability and progression-free survival. Results: Four studies that met the eligibility criteria were considered. The selected articles included 303 patients, and it was found that Belinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has a 25% response rate. Discussion: Studies on patients with relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma treated with Belinostat monotherapy showed moderate efficacy. The probability of maintaining a response was 57.7% at six months, 48.8% at one year, and 32.6% at two years, confirming that this medication has a favorable safety profile. However, most patients experienced hematological complications, with a generally low incidence of thrombocytopenia, suggesting that combining Belinostat with cytotoxic therapies is safe. Conclusions: Clinical data from a patient with refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma demonstrated a complete remission lasting 39 months with Belinostat treatment, highlighting its efficacy in specific cases. On the other hand, the hematological toxicity associated with the drug appears to be manageable, suggesting a favorable safety profileÍtem Acceso Abierto Efecto de la Terapia de Desincronización en Insuficiencia Cardíaca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Vintimilla Vega, Ana Paula; Coello Silva, Paúl Esteban; 0106561640Heart failure is a serious condition often originating from coronary artery disease or a history of poorly controlled arterial hypertension. While common in patients over 65 years old, its incidence has recently increased in the younger population. Diagnosis focuses on the clinical presentation and imaging tests, specifically echocardiography, which reveals ventricular wall dilation, similar to the findings on an electrocardiogram. Pharmacological treatment has demonstrated significant efficacy; nonetheless, when patients do not respond, they are termed “refractory,” necessitating a search for other alternatives such as cardiac resynchronization therapy. This therapy is considered in cases where a conduction abnormality already exists, thereby improving symptoms and reducing complications. Thus, analyzing the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure is paramount.Ítem Acceso Abierto Terapia con Mecasermina en pacientes con Síndrome De Laron(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Ortega Ortega, Guido André; Clavijo Rosales, Claudia Gabriela; 1950000040Introduction: Multiple myeloma is a rare blood neoplasm with common refractoriness cases. Several therapeutic schemes are used to treat this pathology, without great efficacy. Nowadays, the literature identifies CAR-T as a promising option that offers patients safety and improved quality of life. Objective: To determine CAR-T therapy as an alternative for treating refractory multiple myeloma. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA standard, selecting case-control studies, cohort studies, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, case reports, and case series published in the last five years. A search equation was developed using the following scientific databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Bias was analyzed using RAYYAN and GRADE, while a contingency table was used to synthesize the results. Results: Twenty-one articles that met the eligibility criteria were considered. The selected studies included 1503 patients. The most common adverse effects were cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity syndrome associated with Immune Effector Cells (IEC). Dose heterogeneity was related to their severity, and a granulocyte colony is a promising treatment option. Conclusion: CAR-T therapy was determined to be an alternative treatment for refractory multiple myeloma in adults, and its adverse effects are manageable. However, further clinical trials are needed to substantiate these findings.Ítem Embargo Terapia CAR-T como tratamiento alternativo en el mieloma múltiple refractario en adultos: Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Pastuizaca Paucar , Roxana Estefanía; Cuenca Bonilla , Jordi Alexander; Reibán Espinoza, Esteban Adrián; 1104208689; 0350202792Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargoÍtem Acceso Abierto Paradigmas del anillo vaginal en anticoncepción(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Campoverde Abril , Emilie Estefanía; Durán Vega , Jair; 01051805728In the search for alternatives to daily oral contraceptives, many women are opting for monthly methods such as the vaginal ring, a device that continuously releases hormones. This method stands out for its high efficacy, safety, and lower incidence of side effects compared to birth control pills. However, it faces significant challenges, including low global uptake, which is influenced by cultural and economic factors, as well as access to information, particularly in developing countries. Additionally, there are medical concerns such as an increased risk of venous thromboembolism in women with predisposing factors, reduced efficacy in women who are overweight or obese, and a lack of long-term safety studies. The literature review examines the vaginal ring as a convenient and effective hormonal contraceptive, offering additional benefits such as menstrual cycle regulation and the reduction of premenstrual symptoms. Its monthly insertion enhances its convenience. However, barriers remain, including a lack of awareness about the method, logistical challenges in certain regions, and specific medical risks. The significance of evaluating each individual case and promoting medical support to enable informed decision-making is highlighted. In conclusion, the vaginal ring represents a valuable contraceptive option due to its efficacy, safety, and convenience. Although limitations exist, its implementation can be improved with adequate education and professional guidance. Women must consult with healthcare professionals to choose the contraceptive method that best suits their individual needs and conditions.Ítem Acceso Abierto Influencia de los fármacos agonistas GLP-1 sobre el tejido adiposo blanco(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Ortiz Amoroso , Angela Sofia; Barros Peláez , Ana Gabriela; 0302797725Introduction and Objective: Obesity is a chronic condition that affects the health of a significant number of the global population, which is why it currently represents a public health problem. In this context, GLP-1 agonist drugs have been developed as a promising alternative therapeutic for the treatment of obesity. These drugs act on white adipose tissue, which has generated significant interest in the scientific community. This research aims to explore the effects of GLP-1 agonist drugs on white adipose tissue and to detail their benefits in the treatment of obesity. Materials and Methods: A literature review of scientific papers published in databases such as Scopus and PubMed was conducted. Keywords based on DeCS/MeSH, such as obesity, overweight, and Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor, along with their Spanish equivalents, were used. The inclusion criteria focused on open-access articles published within the last 6 years, in Spanish and English and corresponding to meta-analyses, literature reviews, systematic reviews, and original articles. Finally, 41 high-quality articles were selected and used in this study. Conclusions: GLP-1 agonist drugs administered subcutaneously, such as semaglutide, have shown to be a promising treatment to combat overweight and obesity, not only for their weight-reduction effects, but also for maintaining glycemic control, reducing cardiac risk, generating postprandial satiety, and reducing appetite. Further studies are definitely needed to strengthen the evidence on the efficacy of this new therapeutic approach, particularly focused on the Ecuadorian population.
