Lupus eritematoso inducido por fármacos asociado a inhibidores de puntos de control inmunitario

Abstract

Introduction: Drug-induced lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune condition. Its severity can vary and mainly affects women, with a pathogenesis that includes hyperactive immune response and genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Objective: To demonstrate the association between drug-induced lupus erythematosus and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted, analyzing studies from PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus on the relationship between drug-induced lupus using medications that act as ICIs, focusing on relevant indexed publications and using MESH terminology. Results: Research reveals that medications acting by inhibiting immune checkpoint points, such as pembrolizumab, can reactivate or exacerbate drug-induced lupus erythematosus, with adverse effects ranging from skin reactions to severe complications. Conclusions: The relationship between drug-induced lupus erythematosus and ICIs is complex, offering therapeutic benefits and risks, especially in patients with autoimmune predisposition. The need for a personalized approach and rigorous monitoring is emphasized to improve patient treatment and quality of life.