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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Trastorno de estrés postraumático en enfermeras de áreas críticas durante la pandemia de COVID-19: una revisión de alcance(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) García Jiménez , Paula Nayeli; Guamán Pintado , Sthéfany TatianaIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant emotional distress among nursing staff, particularly those working in critical areas such as intensive care units (ICUs) and emergency medical services (EMS). Constant exposure to critically ill patients, fear of infection, excessive workload, and frequent contact with death contributed to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health problems. Methodology: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The literature search was conducted in databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, BVS, Scopus, and ProQuest. Terms related to PTSD, nursing, critical care, and COVID-19 were used. Studies published between 2022 and 2026 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were included. A total of 18 studies were included in the final analysis. Results: Studies showed that PTSD was the primary psychological disorder experienced by nursing staff working in critical care areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main contributing factors were the work environment, work overload, staff shortages, emotional exhaustion, and continuous exposure to suffering. Furthermore, resilience, family support, and social and organizational support were identified as protective factors against PTSD. Conclusions: PTSD significantly impacted nursing staff in critical care areas during the pandemic. The findings demonstrate the importance of strengthening the psychological support network, improving working conditions, and promoting spaces for emotional support and/or follow-up. Keywords: nursing, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Critical care nursing, Intensive care units, COVID-19.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Embargo , EMBARGADO POR MOTIVOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Zhunio Uyaguari, Shenser Xavier...Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Aspectos éticos del consentimiento informado de la reproducción asistida(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Sanmartin Nieto , Marco JordanThis literature review addresses the ethical complexities of truly informed consent in the medical field of assisted reproduction. It focuses on the responsibility of healthcare professionals to provide clear and comprehensive information, enabling patients to make informed decisions. The study highlights essential ethical elements, such as the appropriate presentation of the risks, benefits, and limitations of treatments, to promote patient autonomy and ensure that their decisions respect their rights and personal beliefs. To conduct this review, a systematic literature search was performed, including academic articles, bioethical guidelines, qualitative studies on patient experiences, and codes of ethical practice in medicine. The databases used were PubMed, UpToDate, and Medline. The findings underscore the importance of clear and personalized communication to ensure that patients understand all the technical and ethical aspects of the process, from gamete retrieval to embryo donation or experimentation. Furthermore, the review identifies common ethical dilemmas in assisted reproduction, such as conflicts surrounding surrogacy and the protection of donor confidentiality, as well as the emotional and psychological impact on participants. It concludes that informed consent should be a dynamic process that allows patients to raise concerns and reflect on their decisions. Ethical guidelines are proposed that foster trust, reduce stress, and respect personal values, ensuring an ethical and professional framework for medical practice.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Factores de riesgo asociados a parto prematuro: revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Tigre Saltos, Miriam AlexandraIntroduction: Preterm labor is defined as a series of uterine contractions accompanied by cervical changes occurring between 20 weeks and 0 days of gestation and before 37 weeks and 0 days. It constitutes a significant global public health concern and poses a significant risk to maternal and fetal well-being. Objective: To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the risk factors associated with preterm birth through a systematic review of the available scientific literature, thereby contributing to a better of their impact on maternal-fetal health. Methodology: The systematic review was conducted using the academic databases provided by the Catholic University of Cuenca, which includes search platforms such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, Springer, and ProQuest. Results: The study identified various risk factors associated with preterm birth; however, the main factors identified included preeclampsia, gestational and presentational diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), parity, lack of prenatal care, tobacco use, anemia, low socioeconomic status and educational level urinary tract infections, and a history of preterm birth. Conclusions: The complexity of the risk factors associated with preterm birth was analyzed, ranging from maternal medical conditions to socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Keywords: newborn, risk, factors, preterm, prematureItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Encefalitis post COVID -19: reporte de caso(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Calle Pesántez , Emilia EstefaníaEncephalitis is an inflammation of the brain parenchyma that can be caused by infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), or autoimmune reactions. Although it is unusual, it has a mortality rate of up to 6 %, mainly affecting men and causing severe consequences such as neuronal injuries and respiratory complications. The case of a 33-year-old man with recent COVID-19 history who developed post-viral encephalitis is presented. The patient was admitted with generalized seizures, and progressive neurological deterioration. Despite the therapeutic efforts, the patient maintained a guarded prognosis. During his hospitalization, he developed ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, persistent mixed acidosis, and an increased FiO2 requirement. The diagnosis of post-COVID-19 encephalitis was confirmed through a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) study using FILMARRAY, which excluded other infections. Despite treatment, the patient did not respond favorably and died. This case illustrates the severity of post-COVID-19 encephalitis, as its prognosis is poor. Early diagnosis and more specific treatment are required, including the detection of autoimmune antibodies such as anti-NMDA, in order to improve outcomes in future cases.
