Trabajos de Titulación - Enfermería
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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Encefalitis por Anticuerpos Anti-NMDA y Otras Variantes Autoinmunes: Perspectiva Clínica y Terapéutica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Castro López, Danae Janicce; Mesa Cano, Isabel Cristina; 1401044407Autoimmune encephalitis mediated by antibodies against the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (antiNMDA) is a serious neurological disorder of immunological origin that most commonly affects young women and is characterized by nonspecific neuropsychiatric symptoms. Its multiphase clinical presentation makes early diagnosis difficult, as it can be confused with primary psychiatric disorders, delaying treatment and worsening the prognosis. Objective: Analyze the clinical case of anti-NMDA autoimmune encephalitis in the context of nursing practice, integrating evidence-based information to strengthen the approach and management of this type of pathology. Methodology: The type of research was a descriptive, retrospective clinical case study. The technique used to collect information was through a review of medical records, and the pathology was described by compiling articles extracted from recognized databases such as Scopus, PorQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, etc. The inclusion criteria covered articles published in the last five years, in Spanish and English. A review of scientific publications was carried out to construct the theoretical framework. The report follows the general principles of health writing, related to the Vancouver structure and style: definition of the pathology, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, signs and symptoms, consequences, nursing care plan, and medical treatment. Results: The patient received immunotherapy and multidisciplinary support, achieving a favorable outcome with partial recovery. Conclusion: Anti-NMDA autoimmune encephalitis represents a clinical challenge due to its onset with nonspecific neuropsychiatric symptoms that delay diagnosis. The case analyzed highlights the importance of early recognition and the use of specific tests to improve prognosis. Nursing staff play an essential role in monitoring, managing complications, and educating families. Continuous training of the healthcare team and psychoeducational support for caregivers were shown to be key pillars for optimizing recovery and quality of care. Keywords: Encephalitis; NMDA receptor antagonist; neuropathology, neuropsychiatry; immunotherapy; neurological disorders.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Deleción Cromosómica 1q44 y su Impacto Multisistémico: A Propósito de un Caso Clínico(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Cango González, Yuri Thalía; Mesa Cano, Isabel Cristina; 1900664879This study presents a case of terminal deletion in 1q44, associated with alterations in fatty acid metabolism, delayed cognitive development, epilepsy, and hypopituitarism. The influence of a home nursing care program on the patient's treatment is also analyzed. Objective: To describe the nursing care implemented/provided to a minor diagnosed with a chromosomal deletion that shows evidence of a fatty acid metabolic disorder, global neurodevelopmental delay, epilepsy, hypothyroidism, and hypopituitarism, and to evaluate its impact on her quality of life. Methodology: Clinical follow-up was conducted between 2019 and 2024 through a review of medical records and bibliographic analysis. The protocol included nursing interventions aimed at metabolic control, seizure management, neurosensory stimulation, and strengthening family support. Results: Glucose stabilization, a 60% decrease in the frequency of epileptic seizures, improvements in muscle tone, sensory responses, and sleep quality were observed. Likewise, the role of the family as the center of care was strengthened. These benefits were maintained until the patient's death. Conclusion: A comprehensive and palliative approach in the home environment is an effective strategy for improving quality of life and preserving dignity in the treatment of complex genetic diseases, demonstrating the relevance of specialized nursing care in the family setting. Keywords: Microdeletion, metabolism, development, epilepsy, hypopituitarismItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico: Perspectiva Clínica Y Tratamiento: Caso Clínico Ilustrativo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Chocho Sumba , Johanna Fernanda; Mesa Cano, Isabel Cristina; 0107272460Ischemic stroke (IS) is a medical emergency caused by the obstruction of a cerebral artery, leading to an interruption in blood flow and, consequently, neurological deficits that vary depending on the affected region. This condition is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, making early diagnosis and a comprehensive approach by the healthcare team crucial, especially the role of intensive care nursing. Objective: To analyze a case of ischemic stroke to highlight relevant data on the disease and the most important nursing care. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study of a clinical case of ischemic stroke, with a holistic approach that integrates healthcare, teaching, and research experience from admission to discharge. A systematic review of the medical record was performed, and a search was conducted in high-impact databases (Scopus, PubMed, WoS, LILACS, and ProQuest) for literature published in the last five years. The case is presented chronologically, detailing clinical findings, laboratory and imaging studies, as well as medical and nursing interventions under an intensive and humanized care model. Inclusion criteria were applied based on complete records with informed consent and exclusion of insufficient data, ensuring confidentiality and ethical-scientific rigor. Results: A 72- year-old patient with clinical symptoms and neurological findings underwent a brain CT scan, which showed an extensive hypodense lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere with involvement of the brain stem. These findings suggest clear signs of intracranial hypertension, which represents a life-threatening situation, especially considering his multiple comorbidities and the potential risk of acute deterioration. Conclusion: Early care and systematic reassessment were decisive in identifying and treating the cerebellar infarction before herniation. Multidisciplinary management, combining strict hemodynamic control, osmotic diuretics, and respiratory support, favored edema reduction and neurological stability. Keywords: Cerebral vascular disease; cerebral ischemia; cerebral ischemic vascular event; thrombectomy.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en adultos mayores con sarcopenia(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Barros Sigua, Jhoanna Paola; Coronel Chogllo, Tania Elizabeth; Guapacasa Yanza, Ana Beatriz; 0107190761; 0105410591Abstract: Sarcopenia is a clinical disorder characterized by the progressive reduction of muscle strength and mass, beginning in the third decade of life and increasing with age, leading to physical weakening, vulnerability, disability, dependence, and an increase in health problems and mortality rates. Methodology: This research is a narrative literature review based on the analysis of original articles consulted in scientific databases: Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Redalyc published in the last 5 years, using search strategies through the different MeSH keywords such as "Sarcopenia", "Aged", "Nursing Care". Different search strategies were created, combined with the Boolean operator AND. Results: Sarcopenia is prevalent among elderly people, and in Ecuador, it reaches 61.2%. The most significant risk factors found included age, gender, body composition, diet, and physical activity levels. These factors can trigger problems such as reduced capacity to perform daily tasks, increased likelihood of falls, and vulnerability. Treatment for this pathology is based on building muscle mass and nutritional interventions. Conclusion: Nursing care for sarcopenia includes risk assessment, evaluation by functional patterns, in addition to interventions aimed at promoting physical activity and nutritional recommendations. Keywords: sarcopenia, aged, risk factors, nursing care, standardized nursing terminology.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Embargo , Vacunación contra el virus del papiloma humano en las Américas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Tuba Pizarro, Nancy Isabel; Palaguachi, Angel; 0106822034xxItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de Enfermería en pacientes adultos con sepsis(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Villalta Figueroa , María Belén; Guaraca Pino, Angelica Carolina; 0107088452.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en cáncer de testículo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Vargas Macas, Bryan Ramiro; Ajila Calderón, Debbie Nayeli; Guapacasa Yanza, Ana Beatriz; 0106233083; 0707044285; Castillo Zhizpon, Sandra ElizabethTesticular cancer (TC) is characterized by the growth of malignant cells in the testicles and is more common in young men between the ages of 15 and 40. Objective: To identify the nursing interventions employed in patients with testicular cancer. Methodology: A literature review of studies published since 2019 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese was conducted. Scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, ProQuest, and Redalyc were consulted, using DeCS keywords: "testicular cancer," "incidence," "associated factors," "complications," "therapeutic approach," and "nursing care," along with the boolean operator AND to create search strategies. Results: In the U.S., 9,470 cases of testicular cancer were reported, while approximately 8,500 cases were identified in the Middle East and North Africa. Risk factors include family history, alcohol consumption, cryptorchidism, and a higher incidence was observed in individuals of African descent. Among the most common complications are metastasis, as well as anxiety and depression resulting from physical and emotional changes and treatment, which may include orchiectomy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Nursing staff play a fundamental role in the patient's well-being, providing physical and emotional support before, during, and after treatment. Conclusion: Although testicular cancer is rare, it has a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Nursing care must be multidisciplinary to improve the patient's life and prevent associated complications. Keywords Nursing care, Testicular Neoplasm, Incidence, Therapeutics, Risk factors.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en enfermedad de Crohn(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Arbito Quizhpi, Fátima Elizabeth; Loja León, Jennifer Karolina; Allaico Muyudumbay, Ruth Cecilia; 0107168742; 0106178460Crohn's disease is described as a chronic and debilitating pathology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to clinical manifestations such as abdominal symptoms, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and systemic complications. Methodology: A narrative-type descriptive bibliographic analysis was conducted, focused on the review of scientific databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and Elsevier, as well as relevant institutional documents. Results: The prevalence of Crohn's disease is increasing, mainly affecting young adults, and a higher incidence has been observed in women. Associated factors include family history, smoking, and environmental factors. The most common complications include intestinal strictures, fistulas, and abscesses. The most used therapeutic approaches are anti- inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and biological. Western diets or similar ones are affect people's health. On the other hand, nursing interventions focus on patient education, emotional support, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Conclusion: Crohn's disease represents a significant medical challenge, and, although advances in diagnosis and treatment have improved disease management, the quality of life of affected patients remains lower than that of the general population. Nursing interventions are crucial to address the needs of these patients, emphasizing the importance of educational and emotional support. Keywords: Crohn's disease, Nursing care, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Quality of life.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Insuficiencia hepática en América Latina(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Lojano Fajardo, Daysi Tatiana; Siguenza Patiño, Erik Alexandra; Quito Peralta, Nathaly; 0150082014; 0106451552Introduction: Liver failure is a serious condition that results in the failure of liver functions, affecting multiple organ systems. Research Questions: This study aims to analyze the prevalence of liver failure, the factors associated with this pathology, as well as its complications, therapeutic approaches, and nursing interventions performed in cases of liver failure. Methodology: A literature review was conducted in the databases of Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Dialnet, SciELO, Google Scholar, Google Books, Cochrane, and institutional websites of the Pan American Health Organization and Mayo Clinic; descriptors related to this pathology were used in the search, articulated by the Boolean operators AND, and OR. Results: This study revealed that acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) has high mortality, prevalent in countries such as Brazil and Mexico. Among the risk factors, alcohol consumption, infections, and medications such as paracetamol were included. The most common complications are multi-organ failure and cerebral edema. Liver transplantation is key in advanced treatment; meanwhile, nursing interventions focus on monitoring, managing complications, and providing comprehensive support. Conclusion: ACLF is a liver pathology with high mortality and severe complications, especially in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and alcohol consumption. A multidimensional approach that includes the management of comorbidities and systemic support is crucial for improving survival. Liver transplantation and extracorporeal interventions are fundamental, complemented by the vital role of nursing staff. Keywords: Liver failure, prevalence, hepatic failure, nursing care.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares del Guayas (Ecuador) según la referencia WHO 2007 y local, 2024.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Lozano Albarracin, Leslie Marina; Andagoya Tufiño, Britney Mellisa; Calderón Guaraca, Prissila Banesa; 0106992050; 1726173824Faced with the growing global challenge of childhood obesity, this analysis focuses on evaluating the nutritional status of school children in the Guayas Province, Ecuador. Rapid physical and childhood development, between 6 and 12 years of age, requires a comprehensive analysis of nutritional growth and development. To compare the nutritional status of 635 children (342 males and 293 females) using two reference criteria: national norms and WHO guidelines. Retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional observational approach, analyzing data on weight, height and body mass index (BMI) from a database of the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC). Anthropometric indicators were determined and classified according to national and WHO criteria, using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 software. The concordance between the references was evaluated using the Kappa index. There are significant differences in the BMI indicators between the national and WHO references, with a higher prevalence of obesity and thinness according to the national standard. In men, there was a decrease in overweight and an increase in morbid obesity, while in women, morbid obesity and thinness increased. This study highlights the need to adjust nutritional policies to improve the diagnosis and treatment of childhood obesity in Ecuador. The incidence of obesity and overweight in school-aged children in Guayas has increased significantly. However, few studies have evaluated in detail the current rates, associated factors, and their longterm implications. Keywords: Nutritional status; Child; Ecuador; WHO; Obesity; Overweight.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Estado nutricional en escolares del Azuay, Ecuador, según referencia local y OMS 2007.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Marin Piña, Marjorie Paulina; Domínguez Pillacela, Jessica Jomara; Mesa Cano, Isabel Cristina; 0105433049; 0150483246The research addresses the nutritional status of school children in Azuay, Ecuador, based on local references and WHO 2007 standards. An observational, retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 397 schoolchildren. INEC data were used to evaluate the anthropometric indicators of weight and height, applying both WHO 2007 and local references, also IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 software was used for statistical analysis and calculation of the Kappa index to evaluate the concordance between both references. The results showed significant differences between the two references, with a higher prevalence of nutritional problems according to WHO, the concordance between the references was low to moderate, indicating discrepancies in the assessment of height and weight. The study highlights the need to consider multiple references for a comprehensive assessment of nutritional status, the discrepancies identified may influencethe implementation of health policies and programs, underlining the importance of a multidimensional approach to improve the health and well-being of schoolchildren in Azuay. Keywords: Nutritional status, Reference standards; Child; WHO; BMI-age.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Ataxia Cerebelosa(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Gonzalez Carrión, Paola Alejandra; Mesa Cano, Isabel Cristina; 1900566942In the field of dentistry, notable advancements have been achieved over the recent decades, with a focus on therapeutic efficiency and enhancing the patient experience. One of the pivotal challenges in this domain pertains to expediting dental movement, which has the potential to reduce the duration of orthodontic treatments and minimize adverse impacts on periodontal tissues. Analyze a case of cerebellar ataxia to show relevant data on the disease and the most important nursing care. Descriptive, retrospective clinical case study. The technique used to collect case information was by reviewing the clinical history and to describe the pathology by compiling articles extracted from recognized databases such as: Scopus, PorQuest, Pubmed,Wweb of science, Lilacs. As inclusion criteria: articles published in the last 5 years, in Spanish and English. The legal ethical process is fulfilled with the signing of the assent. 28-year-old patient, diagnosed with cerebellar Ataxia from birth and 93% physical disability. Three visits are made, confirming that it is stable, quiet, and correct hygiene. The mother is guided in the post-consultations the importance of the diet she must carry, changes of position, taking medicines, hygiene that the patient should. Cerebellar ataxia is an alteration in the coordination of movements. Nursing care is essential for patients with cerebellar ataxia, as well as the guidance that these professionals can provide to the family about their care. Family support is essential so that with treatment and care they have a certain quality of life. Keywords: ataxia; neurodegenerative disease; nursing care.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Estado nutricional en niños de 0 a 60 meses de la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador – 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Jarama Herrera, Samantha Guadalupe; Mesa Cano, Isabel Cristina; 0150391779The nutritional status of children from 0 to 60 months of age is very important, as it has been shown that it continues to be a problem, as in some areas children suffer from wasting, chronic malnutrition, underweight, overweight and obesity, which can affect children’s development. Determine the nutritional status of children aged 0 to 60 months in the province of Chimborazo, Ecuador, based on the standards established by WHO 2007. This study corresponds to an observational, retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional research, in which the research sample was obtained from the database of the National Institute of Statistics and Census, comprising a population of 259 individuals (122 boys and 137 girls). The standards established by the WHO 2007 in relation to height/age, weight/height, weight/age and body mass index were applied. Among the main results of this study, it was determined that there is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in the child population aged 0 to 60 months with 28.5%, which is higher than the prevalence of chronic malnutrition with 22%, and that overweight and obesity is more prevalent in the rural sector with 32.5% compared to the urban sector with 25%. In conclusion, children aged 0 to 60 months in the province of Chimborazo have a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, as well as a higher prevalence of chronic malnutrition, which gives us to understand that overnutrition in this population is increasingly worrying, on the other hand, chronic malnutrition is still present in the child population, as well as underweight and wasting. Keywords: Nutritional status; Malnutrition; Undernutrition; Overweight and obesity; Wasting.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Rotavirus en pacientes pediátricos a nivel de América Latina.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Armijos Chuchuca , Adonis Alexander; Palaguachi Tenecela, Ángel Efraín; 0705656080Introduction: Rotavirus is considered a double-stranded RNA virus of the Reoviridae family and is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children up to 5 years old and neonates, affecting the gastrointestinal system primarily. It is linked to socioeconomic and seasonal factors across Latin America. Objective: To determine the different rotavirus infections, their prevalence, associated factors, complications, therapeutic approaches, and nursing interventions. Methodology: This study is a literature review conducted by searching various scientific databases such as Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, SciELO, Redalyc, PubMed, ProQuest, VHL Regional Portal, and Dialnet. Results: The presence of rotavirus in different pediatric patients shows high prevalence rates: Mexico 60-70%, Argentina 80%, Colombia 93%, and Cuba 44.9%, among others. The persistence of this virus is mainly related to socioeconomic status and deficiencies in sanitation, education, and healthcare. Therapeutic approaches focus primarily on using the rotavirus vaccine through health programs. Finally, nursing interventions are based on the patient care process and promotion and prevention through education to increase knowledge about this virus. Conclusion: The information gathered indicates that rotavirus remains a public health problem due to Latin America’s high infant mortality rate. Keywords: Rotavirus infections, Latin America, risk factors, prevalence, rotavirus vaccines.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Atención de enfermería en pacientes colostomizados a nivel mundial(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Garzó Estrella, Adamary Guadalupe; Ramírez Aguilar, Cristina Anabel; Parra Pérez, Carmen del Rocio; 1400718985; 0705749281Introduction: Colostomy involves exteriorizing part of the colon to allow the intestinal contents to exit, which can be temporary or definitive; therefore, the role of nursing in care, education for better self-care, and prevention of complications to improve the patient's quality of life are of great importance. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted by analyzing articles from indexed journals in scientific databases such as SciELO, Scopus, Redalyc, and ProQuest, published between 2018 and 2022 in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. Keywords were used according to the descriptors of Health Science (Descs), such as Colostomy, nursing care, and Standardized nursing terminology; in turn, search equations were formed using Boolean operators such as: "AND." Results: The results show different types of colostomies according to their location, having a high psychological impact on the patients that affects their social environment, family, work, and personal image. The nursing staff plays a vital role in the critical care of these patients, from the care of the colostomy education on self-care and the psychological support needed by the patient and family. Conclusion: Nursing care plays an essential role in the attention, health care, and education of colostomized persons who need a proper nursing care plan that responds to the needs of each person's manifestations. Keywords: Colostomy, Nursing care, Standardized nursing terminology.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en el síndrome de miller fisher(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Córdova Guillermo , Fanny Jessenia; Siguenza Patiño , Esthefany Dayanna; Palaguachi Tenecela, Angel Efrain; 0106323462; 0106451545Introduction: Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a clinically diverse disease, relatively symmetrical, involving both motor and sensory functions, with either a single-phase or recurrent progression. Objectives: To describe the prevalence, risk factors, complications, therapeutic approach, and nursing interventions in patients with DMF. Methodology: A literature review was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Redalyc, SciELO, Web of Science, and Taylor & Francis. Boolean operators (AND and OR) were used in the respective search equations as a search strategy. Results: The most significant findings revealed that the prevalence is high in East Asia, with an 87.5% positive diagnosis rate; in Ecuador, 185 cases were reported in 2012; in Chile, the prevalence ranges from 1.1 to 1.8 cases per 100,000 people, and in Colombia, it varies between 1% and 5%. Risk factors include pregnancy, potential associations with COVID-19 vaccination, and upper respiratory tract infections, particularly with Campylobacter jejuni. Complications range from respiratory and neurological difficulties, such as cranial nerve paralysis and speech problems. The treatment involves diagnostic imaging techniques, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), plasmapheresis, and steroids such as methylprednisolone. Nursing interventions encompass vital signs monitoring, specialized care, and rehabilitation. Conclusion: The percentage varies according to the geographical area and gender, taking a multidisciplinary approach to treating this complex condition. The implementation of intensive physiotherapy with comprehensive rehabilitation care coordination is crucial for improving the patient's clinical outcomes. Keywords: Miller Fisher Syndrome, prevalence, risk factors, ophthalmoplegia syndrome, nursing care.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Amputación infracondilea transfemoral en adolescente con diagnóstico de osteosarcoma(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Segarra Parapi, Paola Michelle; Chillogalli Farez, Jonnathan Bayron; Puente Arroyo, Anita del Carmen; 0106803018; 0105671135Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with a high incidence during childhood and adolescence, with important prevalence and incidence figures worldwide. It requires a multidisciplinary trained team in the timely identification of needs and prevention of complications, and the participation of nursing professionals is of great relevance. Objective: To determine the role of nursing professionals in the holistic care of osteosarcoma. Methodology: The analysis of a clinical case was carried out. Presentation of the clinical case: A 13-year-old female patient, with a history of osteosarcoma who underwent a supracondylar transfemoral amputation reported hyporexia, neuropathic pain at the stump level, soft tumor in the pelvic region. For the last four days, she presented exacerbation along with anorexia, asthenia, and photophobia. Results: The nursing assessment showed the main diagnoses for which care plans were established: knowledge deficit, nutritional imbalance, reduced physical mobility, sleep disorders, chronic pain, body image disturbance, and ineffective coping mechanisms. Conclusion: The inclusion of the nursing role is crucial in the recovery process due to the daily closeness with not only the affected individuals but also their families. Critical points highlight the domain of care, its objectives framed in preventing complications, and the relevant educational domain after the application of high-impact surgical therapies such as amputation, considering that it most frequently affects vulnerable groups such as children and adolescents. Keywords: Osteosarcoma, Amputation Stumps, Lower Limb, Adolescent, Chronic Pain.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en pacientes colostomizado por cáncer de colon(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Aviles Cerrufo, Jhandry Rubén; Puentes Arroyo, Anita del Carmen; 1105139156Colon cancer is defined, according to the WHO, as a pathology in which rectal cells multiply excessively within it; this type predominates in the left part of the colon canal. Objective: To identify priority nursing interventions in colostomized patients due to colon cancer. Methodology: A literature review was conducted in Redalyc, Scopus, and SciELO databases and institutional pages, with publications in English, Spanish, and Portuguese between 2019 and 2024. Results: Worldwide, by the end of 2024, the American Cancer Association expects a higher number of cases around the globe. It is the leading cause of morbidity. Its predisposing factors can be genetic, dietary, environmental, or lifestyle. The therapeutic approach contemplates diagnosis with colonoscopy and biopsies of abnormal tissue. Complications that may occur must also be taken into account, such as liver metastases, dermatitis, stoma ischemia, prolapses, and stenosis. Nursing interventions in colostomized patients include screening, emotional support, management of signs and symptoms, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care. Conclusions: Colon cancer represents a global concern due to its increasing prevalence and high mortality. Its incidence is increasing, particularly among young people, which highlights the need to understand related factors, including genetics, an unhealthy diet, a sedentary lifestyle or little physical activity, and tobacco and alcohol consumption. Within the Nursing Care Process, it is crucial to identify problems and plan interventions that optimize and improve the lifestyle of colostomized patients. Keywords: Prevalence, ostomy, cancer, treatment, nursing care, colon prevalence, cancer, cancer treatment, colon cancer.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en otitits bacteriana en pacientes pediátricos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Matute Landi, Viviana Lisseth; Morocho Morocho, Diana Elizabeth; Guapasaca Yanza, Ana Beatriz; 0106520828; 0106731367Introduction: Otitis is an ear infection caused by bacteria, mainly affecting the middle ear, causing pain, hearing loss, and fever in children. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using scientific databases such as Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect, Springer, Medigraphic, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science. The Health Sciences Descriptors DeCS/MeSH were used to obtain the following keywords: "otitis," "nursing care," “risk factors," "prevalence,” “treatment," “disease prevention,” “child,” “pediatrics,” “standardized nursing terminology” and “complications,” along with Boolean operators to establish search strategies. Results: The prevalence of bacterial otitis varies globally, with a notably high rate of 22.48% in the Balkan Peninsula. Associated factors include age, daycare attendance, environmental conditions, and exposure to cigarette smoke. Common complications are mastoiditis, with Bezold abscess being less frequent. Treatment involves the administration of antibiotics, surgical interventions, and tympanostomy tube placement. Nursing interventions focus on educating parents and providing quality care. Conclusions: Mastoiditis is the main complication of bacterial otitis. Nursing interventions emphasize the administration of medications during patient care and providing educational material to parents, which is key to reducing cases. Keywords: Otitis, prevalence, complications, nursing care, pharmacotherapyItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en hepatitis A(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Mora Morales, Marjori Silvana; Castro Salinas , Josselinne Verenise; Toalongo Salto, Janeth Esperanza; 1150337978; 0106253487Introduction: The hepatitis A virus (HAV) constitutes an important public health problem worldwide. This pathology is characterized by liver inflammation, and its transmission occurs via the fecal-oral route through contaminated water or food intake. Therefore, a lack of hygiene contributes to its spread. Objective: To develop a literature review focused on “Nursing interventions in hepatitis A.” Methodology: An analysis of bibliographic sources was conducted using scientific databases such as SciELO, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and the institutional page of the World Health Organization (WHO), among others. Results: The reviewed articles showed a high prevalence of the disease in endemic areas affecting the general population. Among the associated factors, a low socioeconomic level, illicit drug use, ingestion of contaminated food, and low vaccination coverage were found. The most frequent complications are fulminant autoimmune hepatitis, acute liver failure, and problems during pregnancy, such as premature placental abruption, fetal liver injury, and mother-to-child transmission. Regarding the therapeutic approach, there is no pharmacological treatment. However, there are options, such as vaccination and hygienic practices, to combat it. Finally, nursing interventions focus on promoting and preventing this disease. Conclusion: The role of nursing is essential in the prevention and management of hepatitis A; it goes from strictly following infection control practices to the administration of vaccines, actively contributing to efforts to eradicate this pathology. Keywords: Hepatitis A, risk factors, complications, prevalence, nursing role.
