Intervenciones de enfermería en enfermedad de Crohn

Abstract

Crohn's disease is described as a chronic and debilitating pathology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to clinical manifestations such as abdominal symptoms, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and systemic complications. Methodology: A narrative-type descriptive bibliographic analysis was conducted, focused on the review of scientific databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and Elsevier, as well as relevant institutional documents. Results: The prevalence of Crohn's disease is increasing, mainly affecting young adults, and a higher incidence has been observed in women. Associated factors include family history, smoking, and environmental factors. The most common complications include intestinal strictures, fistulas, and abscesses. The most used therapeutic approaches are anti- inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and biological. Western diets or similar ones are affect people's health. On the other hand, nursing interventions focus on patient education, emotional support, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Conclusion: Crohn's disease represents a significant medical challenge, and, although advances in diagnosis and treatment have improved disease management, the quality of life of affected patients remains lower than that of the general population. Nursing interventions are crucial to address the needs of these patients, emphasizing the importance of educational and emotional support. Keywords: Crohn's disease, Nursing care, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Quality of life.