Trabajos de Titulación - Ingeniería Psicología Clínica
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/1865
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Envíos recientes
Ítem Acceso Abierto Impacto de la depresión en las funciones ejecutivas en personas adultas mayores con deterioro cognitivo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Martínez Paida, Erick Javier; Viñanzaca López, Juan Pablo; 0107928194Introduction. Depression and cognitive impairment are common conditions among the older adult population. However, their comorbidity is generally overlooked in clinical and medical approaches, with the psychological aspect and manifestations of depression during cognitive impairment being neglected. Objective. This study aimed to determine how depressive symptoms affect executive functions in older adults with cognitive impairment. Methodology. A narrative review design with a qualitative approach was adopted, and three independent search strategies were implemented for each objective based on items 7, 8, 9, and 16a of the PRISMA 2021 statement, only in high-impact academic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis. Results. Sixteen articles were included, distributed by objective. Impotence and anhedonia were the most significant depressive symptoms. Depression was associated with impairment in episodic memory, attention, language, decision-making, and daily functioning. In addition, a prevalence of depression between 21.2% and 31.8% was observed in older adults diagnosed with cognitive impairment. Conclusion. In older adults, depression in the presence of cognitive impairment ―especially symptoms such as helplessness and anhedonia― was found to mainly affect the cognitive functioning. Executive functions are affected in terms of attentional and inhibitory control, decision-making, language, and the ability to generate strategies and solve problems.Ítem Acceso Abierto La estimulación multisensorial para el tratamiento en adultos mayores con Alzheimer: revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Calle Illescas, Ana Gabriela; Álvarez Saquinaula, Daniel Felipe; 0106755358Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by being irreversible and progressive, generating psychological effects in areas such as cognition, behavior, and emotions, which pose significant challenges. In this context, non-pharmacological interventions, including multisensory stimulation (MSS), have proven to be a promising strategy that constitutes an essential advance in the comprehensive treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Objective: To determine the psychological effects (cognitive, behavioral, and emotional) of multisensory stimulation as a treatment for older adults with Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: The research adopted a qualitative approach, with a descriptive and documentary scope. A search for information was conducted in scientific databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Articles published within the last 10 years (up to 2024), in English or Spanish, that addressed MSS as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease were selected. Results: The studies reviewed highlighted that MSS had a positive impact on cognitive and behavioral symptoms; however, the results are not promising in the emotional area of Alzheimer's patients. Conclusions: Multisensory stimulation is an effective tool in treating the cognitive and behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. In terms of emotional well-being, although improvements were observed in symptoms such as anxiety and subjective well-being, no significant effects were found. Furthermore, the benefits observed require sustained implementation over time, as isolated or sporadic interventions are insufficient.Ítem Acceso Abierto La terapia cognitivo conductual frente a la terapia de aceptación y compromiso en el tratamiento del trastorno obsesivo compulsivo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Contreras Pesántez, Alison Pamela; Narváez Valdez, Karla Cristina; Cobos Cobos, María Fernanda; 0151008802; 0106630627Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychological condition that affects an individual's functioning in various areas of life. Therapeutic interventions have emerged to reduce symptoms, with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) being notable examples. Objective: This study aimed at analyzing CBT and ACT in reducing the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methodology: A qualitative literature review was conducted, selecting case studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and field research that analyzed the use of CBT and ACT in a clinical context to intervene in patients diagnosed with OCD. The sample included studies conducted between 2015 and 2025, involving adolescents and adults with symptoms and comorbidities. Results: Both therapies proved effective in reducing obsessive and compulsive symptoms. However, ACT demonstrated more significant results for psychological flexibility and the acceptance of symptoms. As for CBT, it proved to be more effective for directly addressing behavioral symptoms, with strong empirical support. Additionally, virtual interventions showed very positive results. Conclusion: while both therapies have demonstrated effectiveness, ACT is positioned as a promising alternative for the treatment of patients with OCD. It is notable for its ability to foster recovery through acceptance, especially for patients who are resistant to traditional treatments or who have difficulty tolerating direct exposure.Ítem Acceso Abierto Efectos de la ansiedad en el rendimiento académico y bienestar emocional de los estudiantes universitarios de Latinoamérica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Arias Maldonado, Andrea Estefania; Tello León, Nicole Lissbeth; Torres Moscoso, Amanda de los Ángeles; 0105876445; 0105969901Introduction: Anxiety is a common psychological issue among Latin American university students, affecting both their emotional well-being and academic performance. High levels of anxiety impair attention, adaptation to academic demands, and decision-making abilities. Objective: This review aimed to investigate the effects of anxiety on the emotional well-being and academic performance of Latin American university students, based on a collection of previous studies. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using studies published in repositories such as Web of Science, Redalyc, SciELO, Scopus, and PubMed. Articles in English and Spanish published between 2015 and 2025 were selected, focusing on research variables such as the effects of anxiety on university performance and emotional well-being, specifically in the Latin American student population. Results: The analyzed studies showed a significant association between high anxiety levels and low academic performance. Likewise, anxiety was found to have a negative influence on emotional well-being. Conclusion: In conclusion, the overload of assignments, exams, and both oral and written lessons was found to increase anxiety levels among university students, leading to low academic performance and a negative impact on emotional well-being, as observed in the reviewed studies.Ítem Acceso Abierto Influencia de los medios de comunicación y las redes sociales en el desarrollo de los trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Peña Rodríguez, Mayra Lilibeth; Orellana Alvarez, Samantha Lissette; Reiván Ortiz, Geovanny Genaro; 0106136310; 1105445553Introduction. Studies have highlighted the influence of social networks and media, such as television, advertising, and entertainment programs, on the development and maintenance of body dissatisfaction, generating indicators of the emergence of eating disorders; however, studies are not yet entirely conclusive. This study aimed to analyze this relationship to identify risk factors and propose solutions. Methodology. A descriptive literature review was conducted, encompassing publications from 2015 to 2023. Inclusion criteria were applied, selecting relevant studies in databases such as Scopus and PubMed. The sources were analyzed qualitatively to identify patterns and trends in the identification of 45 studies. Development. Research indicates a significant correlation between the intensive use of social networks, such as TikTok and Instagram, and increased body dissatisfaction. Similarly, exposure to beauty ideals presented on television, in advertisements, and in publications reinforces misconceptions about appearance. Exposure to idealized images and cyberbullying were found to act as risk factors, normalizing unattainable beauty standards and harmful eating behaviors. Conclusion. The study concluded that social networks and media are key factors in the development of eating disorders in adolescents. It is recommended to promote media literacy and conduct prevention campaigns in schools and families to mitigate these effects. Furthermore, the need for future research with more representative samples and consistent methodologies has been identified.Ítem Acceso Abierto Programa de reducción de estrés basado en mindfulness para la disminución del dolor en el cáncer de mama.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Ordoñez Martínez, José Andrés; Polo Martínez, Eulalia Maribel; 0107945420This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program in reducing pain in women with breast cancer. Pain is a common symptom in this population and significantly impacts their quality of life. This research employed a systematic review using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, focusing exclusively on randomized clinical trials published between 2014 and 2024. The CONSORT statement and the RoB 2.0 tool were used to assess reporting quality and risk of bias, respectively. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest, yielding 11 articles. These studies showed a reduction in physical pain within the intervention group; however, this reduction was not statistically significant compared to the control group. Furthermore, it had a small Cohen's d effect (d = 0.17). In line with this, a high risk of bias was identified through the RoB 2.0 tool in most documents and moderate reporting quality could be determined through CONSORT. In conclusion, the included trials did not demonstrate a statistically or clinically relevant difference in pain perception between groups, and the effect size was small. These findings highlight the need to explore other complementary interventions for pain management in this population.Ítem Acceso Abierto Relación entre la activación fisiológica (movimientos sacádicos y expresión facial) y el autoengaño en la validez del testimonio.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Bautista Dominguez, Franklin Steven; Orellana Tamayo, Santiago Javier; Viñanzaca López, Juan Pablo; 0106631237; 0105713531Introduction. The validity of testimony is crucial in forensic contexts, as it enables psychological experts to provide objective and scientifically supported evidence in court. Physiological arousal, comprising saccadic movements, and facial expressions, is proposed as an objective method for assessing veracity, while self-deception poses a threat to this objectivity. Objective. To determine the relationship between physiological arousal (saccadic movements and facial expression) and self-deception on the validity of testimony. Methodology. This was a descriptive-correlational, observational study with a quantitative, cross-sectional approach. A total of 176 university students aged 18 to 59 participated. The Pepper robot was used as hardware, along with the Eye_tracker and Emotions software tools. Self-deception was assessed using the SDQ-12 questionnaire as a psychometric instrument. Results. Neutral facial expressions predominated (49.4% - 63.1%), and saccadic movements were mostly upward and centered (>94%). Self-deception showed medium levels (68.2%), with significant but weak correlations. Discussion. The findings suggest a limited relationship between physiological arousal and self-deception, consistent with previous research highlighting the complexity and variability of these physiological indicators when evaluating testimonials. The predominance of neutral responses may indicate the need for specific experimental contexts to identify clear patterns. Further studies with controlled experimental designs and more diverse samples are recommended to enhance generalizability and practical application.Ítem Acceso Abierto La relación de la percepción de la soledad y ansiedad frente al apoyo social en adultos mayores.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Amoroso Faican, Felipe Javier; Tamayo Piedra, Mónica Del Carmen; 0302502349Introduction: Population aging has led to an increase in mental health problems, such as loneliness and anxiety. These factors significantly impact the well-being of older adults, making social support essential. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing their needs in a variable demographic context. Objective: This study aims to describe the correlation between perceived loneliness and anxiety disorders regarding social support among older adults. Methodology: This qualitative, descriptive literature review explored 38 articles published between 2018 and 2025 from Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, all of which met the selection criteria. Results: A significant proportion of perceived loneliness in older adults was identified using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). Similarly, a substantial presence of anxiety disorders in older adults was corroborated through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. Finally, a correlation was evidenced between perceived loneliness, anxiety disorders, and the moderating effect of social support in older adults. Conclusion: Loneliness was linked to an increased risk of developing anxiety symptoms and disorders. However, having an adequate social support network helped mitigate this risk, promoting psychological and emotional well-being during this life stage.Ítem Acceso Abierto Impacto de la pornografía en la satisfacción sexual en parejas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Fuentes Sacoto, Jonathan Fernando; Guerrero Auquilla, María Gabriela; Betancourtt Aguilera, Marcia Laura; 0302738083; 0106029861; Marcia LauraThe consumption of pornographic material has significantly impacts on couple dynamics from a biopsychosocial perspective. This study aimed to describe how pornography consumption affects sexual satisfaction and relational dynamics within couples, highlighting behavioral, cognitive, and emotional implications at both individual and relational levels. Despite its high prevalence, a significant gap is recognized in the Spanish-speaking scientific literature regarding its effects on relational patterns and perceived levels of sexual satisfaction. To address this phenomenon, 37 scientific studies were analyzed from databases such as ProQuest, PubMed, and Cochrane. The results suggest that the issue does not lie solely in pornography consumption itself, but rather in variables associated with its use, such as motivation, frequency, relational context, and the type of content consumed. Reported issues include reduced sexual satisfaction, impulse control difficulties, and decreased intimacy. Additionally, continuous exposure can distort the individual's realistic perception of sexual intimacy, creating a dissonance between fiction and reality regarding what constitutes a satisfying sexual relationship. In conclusion, the effects of pornography consumption on couples are diverse and depend directly on the way it is used, underscoring the need for critical and contextualized research on its influence within romantic relationships.Ítem Acceso Abierto Redes sociales, imagen corporal y trastornos de alimentación: bulimia/anorexia en adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Flores Valle, Angie Paulette; Salinas Yanangomez, Geanella Patricia; Castro Ochoa, Fabian Leonardo; 0706804648; 1105101644Background: Social media significantly influences body perception, contributing to the development of eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents, like bulimia and anorexia nervosa. This systematic review aims to determine the relationship between social media influence and body image perception in adolescents with eating disorders, specifically anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Methods: The inclusion criteria considered studies published within the last 11 years (2014-2025), focusing on the adolescent age group, including cross-sectional studies from databases such as ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Articles that did not meet these established criteria were excluded. The PRISMA tool was used for synthesizing the results, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was employed as a parameter for evaluating quality and bias. Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies reflected significant associations between social media use and a distorted body image perception in adolescents. Discussion: Based on the scientific evidence collected, which primarily focused on EDs (bulimia and anorexia nervosa), there is a highlighted higher prevalence among adolescent females, as this evidence confirms that social media content emphasizing beauty ideals and body image contributes to greater body dissatisfaction, leading to unhealthy behaviors associated with these disorders.Ítem Acceso Abierto Características y desarrollo del ajuste diádico en el holón conyugal en las personas adultas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Cordova Asanza, Jorge Luis; Viñanzaca López, Juan Pablo; 0706151198Dyadic adjustment within the marital holon is essential for emotional and mental well-being in couple relationships. Proper adjustment ensures stability, while a failure to achieve it can lead to the dissolution of the bond. Objective: This research aimed to understand the characteristics and development of dyadic adjustment in forming the marital holon among adults. Methodology: A descriptive literature review was conducted using the following databases: OpenAIRE, Dialnet, OAIster, and Redalyc, employing specific search equations related to dyadic adjustment and couple relationships. Results: A total of 53 articles were analyzed, identifying four key factors in dyadic adjustment: agreement on issues such as finances and sexual satisfaction, partner satisfaction, cohesion, and expression of affection. No relationship was found between gender and the degree of adjustment. Conclusion: Dyadic adjustment is influenced by communication, cohesion, and sexual satisfaction, which are crucial factors for stability and well-being in couple relationships. Internal and external factors affect the quality of the relationship, reinforcing the marital bond.Ítem Acceso Abierto Eficacia de la terapia cognitivo-conductual en el tratamiento de la anorexia nerviosa en adolescentes: Una revisión sistematizada.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Morocho Guamán, Karen Michelle; Ormaza Ulloa, Luis Miguel; 0107418691Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that is increasingly affecting adolescents, posing a significant challenge to public health and clinical practice. This disorder has physical repercussions, along with profound psychological and social implications. Given this complexity, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Maudsley Family Therapy (MFT) have emerged as essential interventions in treating adolescents with anorexia nervosa. CBT aims to modify dysfunctional thought patterns and behaviors related to eating and body image. In contrast, MFT actively involves the family, fostering a supportive and collaborative environment throughout the therapeutic process. This systematic review aimed to analyze rigorous scientific studies on the effectiveness of both therapies for adolescents with anorexia nervosa. A search was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, resulting in nine relevant articles for analysis. The findings demonstrate significant effectiveness for CBT and MFT, not only in reducing symptoms but also in enhancing patients’ overall well-being. In conclusion, both therapies have proven to be effective and complementary approaches, providing important clinical benefits in treating anorexia nervosa in the adolescent population.Ítem Acceso Abierto Eficacia de la terapia cognitivo conductual en consumidores de alcohol en América.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Celi Palacio, Yamiled Ximena; Campoverde Pesantez, Augusta Ximena; 1150981379Introduction. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective psychotherapeutic intervention for treating problematic alcohol consumption, helping individuals modify the thought and behavioral patterns that contribute to addiction. In the Americas, CBT has demonstrated positive results. However, its effectiveness can be influenced by sociocultural and economic factors, as well as patient adherence to treatment. Objective. To analyze the efficacy of CBT in treating problematic alcohol consumption in the Americas. Methodology. A literature review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology, with a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory approach, including 20 studies published between 2019 and 2024. Results. CBT has proven effective in reducing alcohol consumption, supporting treatment, and preventing relapse. Its impact varies depending on the social and cultural context, complicating the generalization of results. Therefore, the study compared North and South America. In the United States, its use with regular drinkers has effectively modified dysfunctional patterns of thought and behavior. In South America, its effectiveness has also been reported; however, it is conditioned by sociocultural and economic factors, adapting to resource-limited contexts such as limited access to mental health services, the standardization of protocols, and the lack of long-term follow-up. Conclusion. CBT is an effective therapeutic tool; however, its success depends on the social context, the personalization of treatment, and its integration with complementary approaches. This combination optimizes results for each patient.Ítem Acceso Abierto Trastorno de ansiedad en mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Calozuma López, Angie Nayely; León Prieto, María Elizabeth; 0750519324Introduction. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is cataloged as a conflict that requires global attention due to the increase in intimidation experienced by the female population through their spouse or partner. Its importance lies in the psychological consequences associated with the presence of anxiety disorders that generate difficulties in women's well-being. Objective. To describe the presence of anxiety disorders as a consequence of intimate partner violence. Methodology. A descriptive literature review was conducted using digital databases from the Catholic University of Cuenca, including Scopus, Web of Science, Redalyc, and Google Scholar, focusing on articles published within the last five years that addressed women between the ages of 18 and 25. Development. Anxiety disorders and intimate partner violence have long been linked, with fear, dread, and excessive worry being common expressions of the aversive situations experienced by women, reflecting the presence of mental disorders and difficulties in women's well-being. Conclusion. Anxiety disorder in women due to violence constitutes a complex challenge involving psychological and social aspects. Traumatic experiences resulting from emotional, physical, and sexual intimidation leave a significant mark on mental well-being, triggering symptoms of anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and other related disorders. Addressing this issue through a comprehensive approach, including psychological, social, and legal support, is essential.Ítem Acceso Abierto Afectación emocional: ansiedad, depresión y estrés en familiares cuidadores de víctimas con cáncer.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Salazar Sánchez, Heidy Jazmina; León Prieto, María Elizabeth; 2200153670Introduction: Family members of oncology patients, whether direct relatives, partners, or friends, play a crucial role in their care, support, and protection, dedicating long hours to assisting them. Cancer not only impacts the patient but also those who care for them, generating psychological effects in caregivers. Often, some of the negative consequences experienced by oncology patients also affect the primary caregiver, who is responsible for providing care to the patient. As the disease progresses, caregivers often experience symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety, which can persist over time, frequently leading to the development of severe mental disorders. Objective: To identify the factors related to the development of anxiety, depression, and stress in family members of oncology patients. Methodology: A literature review with a qualitative approach was conducted using the virtual library databases of the "Catholic University of Cuenca" such as Scopus, Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, and SciELO. Results and Conclusions: The factors that influence psychological conditions in caregivers of oncology patients are diverse and complex. It is estimated that caregivers experience negative consequences on their mental health as a result of providing care to the patient, with factors such as the patient's age and the stage of the disease playing a determining role. These caregivers often experience symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress.Ítem Acceso Abierto Relación del apego desorganizado en la niñez y trastorno límite de personalidad en adultos emergentes de 18 a 29 años.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Romero Sinchi, Jennifer Alexandra; Vintimilla Espinoza, María José; 0106480676Introduction. Attachment is the feeling of protection and security that children experience in early childhood, which is developed through the care provided by their caregivers. This bond influences personality, understood as the way they express themselves and relate to others. However, negligence and abuse can lead to problems such as disorganized attachment and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), affecting an individual's trust, interpersonal relationships, and overall well-being. Objective. To relate disorganized attachment in childhood and Borderline Personality Disorder in emerging adults aged 18 to 29 years. Methodology. A qualitative and descriptive approach was used by reviewing scientific articles and books in databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Results. The research revealed that the type of care received in childhood significantly impacts personal development. Particularly, an ambivalent parenting style leads to difficulties in shaping the adult personality, influence the development of pathologies and psychological problems, and hinder the individual's functionality and adaptability in their everyday environment. Conclusion: BPD is closely linked to early caregiving experiences. The absence of secure attachment patterns in childhood makes it difficult to establish healthy relationships and affects emotional stability in adulthood.Ítem Acceso Abierto Vulnerabilidad psicológica en el rendimiento deportivo y estrategias de afrontamiento.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Jaramillo Criollo, Julio Cesar; Songor Illescas, Stalin Patricio; 1104702665Introduction: The relationship between psychological vulnerability and athletic performance in high-pressure contexts was examined, highlighting the importance of mental health in athletes. Emotional and social factors influencing competitive ability were identified, demonstrating the need for effective coping strategies. Objective: To determine the relationship between psychological vulnerability and athletic performance, identifying athletes’ coping strategies and the interventions to strengthen or develop them. Methodology: A literature review was conducted based on 11 scientific publications (2019-2024) retrieved from databases such as PubMed and Scopus. Results: Up to 35% of athletes were found to experience anxiety, depression, and stress, affecting their performance. Strategies such as resilience, concentration, self-confidence, stress management, social support, and problem-solving were identified, while proposed interventions to strengthen them included automated skills, visualization, mindfulness, cognitive restructuring, positive self-talk, and emotion regulation, reducing psychological vulnerability by 25% and 35% and improving performance by up to 28%. Conclusion: It was concluded that psychological vulnerability negatively impacted athletic performance, while comprehensive coping strategies were fundamental in mitigating this effect. Interdisciplinary support emerged as a key element in adapting interventions to each context, emphasizing the importance of jointly addressing emotional and social aspects in the sports environment.Ítem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo y protección de conductas delictivas en adolescentes: una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Guamán Latacela, Jessica Priscila; Castro Ochoa, Fabián Leonardo; 0302390778Introduction: Adolescent delinquency has increased in recent years, negatively impacting social, economic, and individual development. This translates into family disintegration, a high number of deaths, high economic costs, and an unsafe environment. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of delinquent behavior in adolescents and its relationship with associated risk and protective factors. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest, using DeCS and MeSH terms. Studies on adolescents aged 12 to 18 were analyzed, excluding theses, blogs, and documents with little scientific evidence. Furthermore, the methodological analysis was based on the PRISMA 2020 and JBI criteria. Results: Twenty-two studies were selected from a total of 2,395 articles. The most common risk factors were parental supervision, association with delinquent peers, academic failure, school dropout, low socioeconomic status, adverse childhood experiences, neglect, substance use, impulsivity, personality traits such as histrionics and egocentrism, and male gender. On the other hand, the most relevant protective factors included functional families, prosocial relationships, high parental supervision, empathy, female gender, positive childhood experiences, and social support. However, emotional intelligence proved to be the least significant factor. Conclusion: The combination of several risk factors increases adolescents' vulnerability, leading them to make impulsive decisions and engage in delinquent behavior. However, protective factors, such as a functional family, prosocial relationships, and social support, can mitigate this impact, reducing the probability of engaging in delinquent behavior.Ítem Acceso Abierto Relación entre el trastorno por consumo de sustancias y el deterioro de las funciones cognitivas en adolescentes: Revisión Sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Feijóo Valarezo, María Alejandra; Maldonado Astudillo, Ana Paula; Narváez Pillco, Viviana Faviola; 0705766772; 1726714262Introduction: Substance use in adolescents is considered a serious public health issue associated with impaired cognitive function. These impairments significantly impact various areas, including academic performance and social and emotional development, affecting the well-being of adolescents. Objective: To analyze the relationship between Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and impaired cognitive function in adolescents, considering the prevalence of impairment and sociodemographic factors. Method: A systematic review was conducted using a qualitative and descriptive approach based on the PRISMA method. The search included studies published in English and Spanish from the past five years. Databases such as Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, and Scopus were used, using MeSH and DeCS terms and Boolean operators. The NOS Scale was used to assess methodological quality and risk of bias. Results: The search showed 1,321 records obtained using the Rayyan tool, following inclusion and exclusion criteria. After analysis, 10 studies were selected for incorporation. It was found that adolescents with SUD have impaired memory, attention, and executive functions. Impairment varies depending on the substance consumed: alcohol, cannabis, crack cocaine, methamphetamines, and multiple substance use. Sociodemographic factors such as socioeconomic status, social context, age, gender, religion, frequency of use, mental health, sports, and educational level influence the severity of impairment of cognitive functions. Conclusion: There is a clear relationship between SUD and impaired cognitive function.Ítem Acceso Abierto Factores socioambientales, psicológicos y culturales que influyen la conducta alimentaria en estudiantes universitarios.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Vásquez Toro, Dayana Del Carmen; Torres Moscoso, Amanda de los Ángeles; 0705646743Introduction: The transition to university life involves significant lifestyle changes, increased autonomy, and responsibilities, which influence students' eating behavior and increase the risk of developing eating disorders (EDs). Objective: To analyze the socio-environmental, psychological, and cultural factors that influence the eating behavior of university students, both pathological and non- pathological. Method: A descriptive and qualitative literature review of articles published between 2019 and 2024 in Scopus, PubMed, and SciELO databases was conducted. Development: The findings revealed irregular eating patterns, such as low consumption of fruits and vegetables, high intake of ultra-processed foods, and skipping meals, which are associated with psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, and body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, social and cultural pressure exacerbates these behaviors, while a lack of self-management skills in eating habits and supporting systems contributes to these problems. Conclusion: The results show that socio-environmental factors, such as the influence of social pressure and family dynamics, affect the eating behaviors of university students, favoring unhealthy behaviors. At the psychological level, anxiety, stress, and body dissatisfaction are key factors in the development of eating disorders. In addition, cultural factors, such as body image expectations and changes in eating habits due to adaptation to a new environment, significantly impact eating behavior.
