Trabajos de Titulación - Ingeniería Psicología Clínica
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/1865
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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , La influencia de los medios de comunicación en la dismorfia corporal en adolescentes mujeres.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Morocho Sanmartín, Anabel Katherine; Arévalo Proaño, Claudia Carolina; 0106210594Introduction: Nowadays, the digital enhancement of idealized body images has been associated with psychological phenomena such as social comparison, internalization of beauty standards, and self-objectification. This issue is particularly relevant in adolescence, as it is a key stage in identity formation and the pursuit of social acceptance. Objective: This study analyzes the influence of the media on the development of dysmorphic symptoms in adolescent girls, considering the psychological mechanisms involved. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted, selecting research articles from 2019 to 2025 found in the Scopus, Taylor & Francis, and PubMed databases, using the following keywords: media, social networks, female adolescents, self-image, media impact, and mental health. Results: The review suggests that some digital media feature stylized body models through the use of edited or filtered images. This content can contribute to processes of upward social comparison and the internalization of body ideals, which, in some instances, is associated with body dissatisfaction and self-image distortion resembling dysmorphic symptoms. Conclusion: Digital platforms do not operate in a neutral or disinterested manner; on the contrary, they foster specific psychological processes, such as social evaluation, self-objectification, and the adoption of aesthetic standards. These processes can intensify during puberty, a critical time in identity formation and social interaction.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Actitudes de los familiares hacia las discapacidades cognitivas en infantes y su influencia en el desarrollo adaptativo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Álvarez Jara, Ariel Efraín; Arévalo Proaño, Claudia Carolina; 0105176945Introduction. Family attitudes toward cognitive disability in children are a determining factor in their adaptive development, influencing their opportunities for social inclusion and overall well-being. Objective. To analyze family attitudes toward cognitive disabilities in children and their influence on adaptive development. Methodology. A qualitative and descriptive literature review was conducted, selecting scientific articles published between 2019 and 2024 in Spanish and English from high-impact databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria related to currency, thematic relevance, and family context were applied, and data were analyzed based on the coding of emergent themes linked to attitudes and adaptive development. Results. The review showed that favorable family attitudes, such as acceptance, emotional support, and the promotion of autonomy, foster children's self-esteem, family cohesion, and quality of life. In contrast, disapproval, overprotection, and a low willingness to provide support were associated with greater emotional and social difficulties, as well as a lower perception of well-being. Furthermore, family resilience and empowerment were highlighted as key protective factors in coping with adversity. Conclusion. Promoting constructive attitudes and developing parental skills are essential strategies to enhance adaptive development. It is recommended to implement comprehensive interventions and family support programs that facilitate social inclusion and improve children’s quality of life.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Niveles de estrés en el deportista artístico de alto nivel: Una revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Bermeo Bermeo, Karina Alexandra; De Armas Mesa, Idania; 0104764626Athletes are characterized by having better competitive skills than others across different disciplines, which significantly influences their stress levels. This literature review aimed to identify stress levels in elite artistic athletes, given the limited review and understanding of the psychological functioning of athletes in these fields. Scientific articles were selected based on the keywords: artistic athletes, training, stress levels, coping, sports performance and development, and physical-emotional preparation, using the Boolean operators AND, OR, and NOT. The databases used were Google Scholar, Scopus, SCImago, SciELO, Redalyc, and PubMed. The findings indicate that athletes experience competitions as a highly stressful situation. However, the more experience they have in their discipline and in participating in competitions, the more they develop adequate regulation strategies. On the other hand, high-performance athletes have a repertoire of adaptive coping strategies. Therefore, it was confirmed that participation in sports enhances the development of satisfactory personal capacities. The prevailing strategies are task-oriented, with cognitive strategies being the most frequent. This study concludes that stress levels in the pre-competition stage generate anxiety, which significantly impacts athletic performance. Accordingly, it is essential to consider stress management and the development of adequate coping strategies in the training and education of athletes.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Prevalencia del suicidio consumado pre y post Covid-2019 en la Fiscalía Provincial del Azuay cantón Cuenca, periodo 2016-2023.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) León Segovia, Leonela Samira; Polo Martínez, Eulalia Maribel; 0107133092Introduction: Completed suicide is a global public health problem, a multifactorial phenomenon that is more prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. Ecuador is no exception, with Azuay ranking among the provinces with the highest suicide rates. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated several psychological stressors associated with suicide. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of completed suicide in the canton of Cuenca during the pre-pandemic period (2016-2019) and the post-pandemic period (2020-2023). Methodology: This is a quantitative, retrospective, and cross-sectional field study. The population comprised 350 cases of completed suicide recorded by the Provincial Prosecutor's Office of Azuay. Data were obtained from judicial documents (coroner's reports and forensic medical reports). The data were interpreted using absolute frequencies and percentages, and the Chi-square test was applied to identify associations. Results: The pre-pandemic period reported 148 cases, while the post-pandemic period recorded 202 cases, with 2021 showing the highest suicide prevalence (19.4%). The gender with the highest prevalence was men (74.3%), and young adults were the most prevalent age group (40.3%). Among risk factors are previous suicide attempts (16.3%), psychiatric symptoms (38.1%), and romantic conflicts (19.4%). Discussion: An increase in completed suicides was observed during the post-pandemic period. The high prevalence among men and young adults reflects the need to implement prevention programs in these groups that address different risk factors.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Análisis de la aplicación de políticas públicas (2020 - 2024), sobre violencia en adultos mayores en instituciones geriátricas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Bermeo Romero, Katherine Tatiana; Bernal Sánchez, Noelia Salomé; Vintimilla Espinoza, María José; 0107980898; 0107405631Introduction. Violence against institutionalized older adults is a crucial issue in public health and human rights. It is exacerbated by factors such as inadequate training of healthcare personnel, stereotypes, and the lack of implementation of effective public policies in geriatric institutions. Objective. To analyze the implementation of public policies addressing violence in Latin America between 2020 and 2024, focusing on geriatric centers, assessing their impact, strengths, and weaknesses. Methodology. A qualitative and descriptive literature review was conducted using search strategies applied to high-impact databases such as Latindex, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. In addition, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied based on subject matter, timeframe (2020-2024), and residential setting. The data obtained were analyzed through a rigorous thematic coding process. Results. Significant conceptual differences were identified in policy implementation across countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru. Although best practices were observed in staff training, prevention protocols, and intersectoral approaches, critical problems persisted, including insufficient state oversight, limited resources, and the continued invisibility of psychological and economic abuse in this vulnerable population. Conclusion. Despite advances in regulatory frameworks, it is essential to strengthen implementation with a holistic approach that recognizes the subjectivity of older adults. Coordinated action among the State, society, and health professionals will ensure safe, dignified, and violence-free institutional environments.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Impacto de la depresión en las funciones ejecutivas en personas adultas mayores con deterioro cognitivo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Martínez Paida, Erick Javier; Viñanzaca López, Juan Pablo; 0107928194Introduction. Depression and cognitive impairment are common conditions among the older adult population. However, their comorbidity is generally overlooked in clinical and medical approaches, with the psychological aspect and manifestations of depression during cognitive impairment being neglected. Objective. This study aimed to determine how depressive symptoms affect executive functions in older adults with cognitive impairment. Methodology. A narrative review design with a qualitative approach was adopted, and three independent search strategies were implemented for each objective based on items 7, 8, 9, and 16a of the PRISMA 2021 statement, only in high-impact academic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis. Results. Sixteen articles were included, distributed by objective. Impotence and anhedonia were the most significant depressive symptoms. Depression was associated with impairment in episodic memory, attention, language, decision-making, and daily functioning. In addition, a prevalence of depression between 21.2% and 31.8% was observed in older adults diagnosed with cognitive impairment. Conclusion. In older adults, depression in the presence of cognitive impairment ―especially symptoms such as helplessness and anhedonia― was found to mainly affect the cognitive functioning. Executive functions are affected in terms of attentional and inhibitory control, decision-making, language, and the ability to generate strategies and solve problems.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , La estimulación multisensorial para el tratamiento en adultos mayores con Alzheimer: revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Calle Illescas, Ana Gabriela; Álvarez Saquinaula, Daniel Felipe; 0106755358Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by being irreversible and progressive, generating psychological effects in areas such as cognition, behavior, and emotions, which pose significant challenges. In this context, non-pharmacological interventions, including multisensory stimulation (MSS), have proven to be a promising strategy that constitutes an essential advance in the comprehensive treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Objective: To determine the psychological effects (cognitive, behavioral, and emotional) of multisensory stimulation as a treatment for older adults with Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: The research adopted a qualitative approach, with a descriptive and documentary scope. A search for information was conducted in scientific databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Articles published within the last 10 years (up to 2024), in English or Spanish, that addressed MSS as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease were selected. Results: The studies reviewed highlighted that MSS had a positive impact on cognitive and behavioral symptoms; however, the results are not promising in the emotional area of Alzheimer's patients. Conclusions: Multisensory stimulation is an effective tool in treating the cognitive and behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. In terms of emotional well-being, although improvements were observed in symptoms such as anxiety and subjective well-being, no significant effects were found. Furthermore, the benefits observed require sustained implementation over time, as isolated or sporadic interventions are insufficient.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , La terapia cognitivo conductual frente a la terapia de aceptación y compromiso en el tratamiento del trastorno obsesivo compulsivo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Contreras Pesántez, Alison Pamela; Narváez Valdez, Karla Cristina; Cobos Cobos, María Fernanda; 0151008802; 0106630627Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychological condition that affects an individual's functioning in various areas of life. Therapeutic interventions have emerged to reduce symptoms, with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) being notable examples. Objective: This study aimed at analyzing CBT and ACT in reducing the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methodology: A qualitative literature review was conducted, selecting case studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and field research that analyzed the use of CBT and ACT in a clinical context to intervene in patients diagnosed with OCD. The sample included studies conducted between 2015 and 2025, involving adolescents and adults with symptoms and comorbidities. Results: Both therapies proved effective in reducing obsessive and compulsive symptoms. However, ACT demonstrated more significant results for psychological flexibility and the acceptance of symptoms. As for CBT, it proved to be more effective for directly addressing behavioral symptoms, with strong empirical support. Additionally, virtual interventions showed very positive results. Conclusion: while both therapies have demonstrated effectiveness, ACT is positioned as a promising alternative for the treatment of patients with OCD. It is notable for its ability to foster recovery through acceptance, especially for patients who are resistant to traditional treatments or who have difficulty tolerating direct exposure.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Efectos de la ansiedad en el rendimiento académico y bienestar emocional de los estudiantes universitarios de Latinoamérica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Arias Maldonado, Andrea Estefania; Tello León, Nicole Lissbeth; Torres Moscoso, Amanda de los Ángeles; 0105876445; 0105969901Introduction: Anxiety is a common psychological issue among Latin American university students, affecting both their emotional well-being and academic performance. High levels of anxiety impair attention, adaptation to academic demands, and decision-making abilities. Objective: This review aimed to investigate the effects of anxiety on the emotional well-being and academic performance of Latin American university students, based on a collection of previous studies. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using studies published in repositories such as Web of Science, Redalyc, SciELO, Scopus, and PubMed. Articles in English and Spanish published between 2015 and 2025 were selected, focusing on research variables such as the effects of anxiety on university performance and emotional well-being, specifically in the Latin American student population. Results: The analyzed studies showed a significant association between high anxiety levels and low academic performance. Likewise, anxiety was found to have a negative influence on emotional well-being. Conclusion: In conclusion, the overload of assignments, exams, and both oral and written lessons was found to increase anxiety levels among university students, leading to low academic performance and a negative impact on emotional well-being, as observed in the reviewed studies.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Influencia de los medios de comunicación y las redes sociales en el desarrollo de los trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Peña Rodríguez, Mayra Lilibeth; Orellana Alvarez, Samantha Lissette; Reiván Ortiz, Geovanny Genaro; 0106136310; 1105445553Introduction. Studies have highlighted the influence of social networks and media, such as television, advertising, and entertainment programs, on the development and maintenance of body dissatisfaction, generating indicators of the emergence of eating disorders; however, studies are not yet entirely conclusive. This study aimed to analyze this relationship to identify risk factors and propose solutions. Methodology. A descriptive literature review was conducted, encompassing publications from 2015 to 2023. Inclusion criteria were applied, selecting relevant studies in databases such as Scopus and PubMed. The sources were analyzed qualitatively to identify patterns and trends in the identification of 45 studies. Development. Research indicates a significant correlation between the intensive use of social networks, such as TikTok and Instagram, and increased body dissatisfaction. Similarly, exposure to beauty ideals presented on television, in advertisements, and in publications reinforces misconceptions about appearance. Exposure to idealized images and cyberbullying were found to act as risk factors, normalizing unattainable beauty standards and harmful eating behaviors. Conclusion. The study concluded that social networks and media are key factors in the development of eating disorders in adolescents. It is recommended to promote media literacy and conduct prevention campaigns in schools and families to mitigate these effects. Furthermore, the need for future research with more representative samples and consistent methodologies has been identified.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Programa de reducción de estrés basado en mindfulness para la disminución del dolor en el cáncer de mama.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Ordoñez Martínez, José Andrés; Polo Martínez, Eulalia Maribel; 0107945420This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program in reducing pain in women with breast cancer. Pain is a common symptom in this population and significantly impacts their quality of life. This research employed a systematic review using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, focusing exclusively on randomized clinical trials published between 2014 and 2024. The CONSORT statement and the RoB 2.0 tool were used to assess reporting quality and risk of bias, respectively. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest, yielding 11 articles. These studies showed a reduction in physical pain within the intervention group; however, this reduction was not statistically significant compared to the control group. Furthermore, it had a small Cohen's d effect (d = 0.17). In line with this, a high risk of bias was identified through the RoB 2.0 tool in most documents and moderate reporting quality could be determined through CONSORT. In conclusion, the included trials did not demonstrate a statistically or clinically relevant difference in pain perception between groups, and the effect size was small. These findings highlight the need to explore other complementary interventions for pain management in this population.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Relación entre la activación fisiológica (movimientos sacádicos y expresión facial) y el autoengaño en la validez del testimonio.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Bautista Dominguez, Franklin Steven; Orellana Tamayo, Santiago Javier; Viñanzaca López, Juan Pablo; 0106631237; 0105713531Introduction. The validity of testimony is crucial in forensic contexts, as it enables psychological experts to provide objective and scientifically supported evidence in court. Physiological arousal, comprising saccadic movements, and facial expressions, is proposed as an objective method for assessing veracity, while self-deception poses a threat to this objectivity. Objective. To determine the relationship between physiological arousal (saccadic movements and facial expression) and self-deception on the validity of testimony. Methodology. This was a descriptive-correlational, observational study with a quantitative, cross-sectional approach. A total of 176 university students aged 18 to 59 participated. The Pepper robot was used as hardware, along with the Eye_tracker and Emotions software tools. Self-deception was assessed using the SDQ-12 questionnaire as a psychometric instrument. Results. Neutral facial expressions predominated (49.4% - 63.1%), and saccadic movements were mostly upward and centered (>94%). Self-deception showed medium levels (68.2%), with significant but weak correlations. Discussion. The findings suggest a limited relationship between physiological arousal and self-deception, consistent with previous research highlighting the complexity and variability of these physiological indicators when evaluating testimonials. The predominance of neutral responses may indicate the need for specific experimental contexts to identify clear patterns. Further studies with controlled experimental designs and more diverse samples are recommended to enhance generalizability and practical application.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , La relación de la percepción de la soledad y ansiedad frente al apoyo social en adultos mayores.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Amoroso Faican, Felipe Javier; Tamayo Piedra, Mónica Del Carmen; 0302502349Introduction: Population aging has led to an increase in mental health problems, such as loneliness and anxiety. These factors significantly impact the well-being of older adults, making social support essential. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing their needs in a variable demographic context. Objective: This study aims to describe the correlation between perceived loneliness and anxiety disorders regarding social support among older adults. Methodology: This qualitative, descriptive literature review explored 38 articles published between 2018 and 2025 from Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, all of which met the selection criteria. Results: A significant proportion of perceived loneliness in older adults was identified using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). Similarly, a substantial presence of anxiety disorders in older adults was corroborated through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. Finally, a correlation was evidenced between perceived loneliness, anxiety disorders, and the moderating effect of social support in older adults. Conclusion: Loneliness was linked to an increased risk of developing anxiety symptoms and disorders. However, having an adequate social support network helped mitigate this risk, promoting psychological and emotional well-being during this life stage.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Impacto de la pornografía en la satisfacción sexual en parejas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Fuentes Sacoto, Jonathan Fernando; Guerrero Auquilla, María Gabriela; Betancourtt Aguilera, Marcia Laura; 0302738083; 0106029861; Marcia LauraThe consumption of pornographic material has significantly impacts on couple dynamics from a biopsychosocial perspective. This study aimed to describe how pornography consumption affects sexual satisfaction and relational dynamics within couples, highlighting behavioral, cognitive, and emotional implications at both individual and relational levels. Despite its high prevalence, a significant gap is recognized in the Spanish-speaking scientific literature regarding its effects on relational patterns and perceived levels of sexual satisfaction. To address this phenomenon, 37 scientific studies were analyzed from databases such as ProQuest, PubMed, and Cochrane. The results suggest that the issue does not lie solely in pornography consumption itself, but rather in variables associated with its use, such as motivation, frequency, relational context, and the type of content consumed. Reported issues include reduced sexual satisfaction, impulse control difficulties, and decreased intimacy. Additionally, continuous exposure can distort the individual's realistic perception of sexual intimacy, creating a dissonance between fiction and reality regarding what constitutes a satisfying sexual relationship. In conclusion, the effects of pornography consumption on couples are diverse and depend directly on the way it is used, underscoring the need for critical and contextualized research on its influence within romantic relationships.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Redes sociales, imagen corporal y trastornos de alimentación: bulimia/anorexia en adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Flores Valle, Angie Paulette; Salinas Yanangomez, Geanella Patricia; Castro Ochoa, Fabian Leonardo; 0706804648; 1105101644Background: Social media significantly influences body perception, contributing to the development of eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents, like bulimia and anorexia nervosa. This systematic review aims to determine the relationship between social media influence and body image perception in adolescents with eating disorders, specifically anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Methods: The inclusion criteria considered studies published within the last 11 years (2014-2025), focusing on the adolescent age group, including cross-sectional studies from databases such as ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Articles that did not meet these established criteria were excluded. The PRISMA tool was used for synthesizing the results, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was employed as a parameter for evaluating quality and bias. Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies reflected significant associations between social media use and a distorted body image perception in adolescents. Discussion: Based on the scientific evidence collected, which primarily focused on EDs (bulimia and anorexia nervosa), there is a highlighted higher prevalence among adolescent females, as this evidence confirms that social media content emphasizing beauty ideals and body image contributes to greater body dissatisfaction, leading to unhealthy behaviors associated with these disorders.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Características y desarrollo del ajuste diádico en el holón conyugal en las personas adultas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Cordova Asanza, Jorge Luis; Viñanzaca López, Juan Pablo; 0706151198Dyadic adjustment within the marital holon is essential for emotional and mental well-being in couple relationships. Proper adjustment ensures stability, while a failure to achieve it can lead to the dissolution of the bond. Objective: This research aimed to understand the characteristics and development of dyadic adjustment in forming the marital holon among adults. Methodology: A descriptive literature review was conducted using the following databases: OpenAIRE, Dialnet, OAIster, and Redalyc, employing specific search equations related to dyadic adjustment and couple relationships. Results: A total of 53 articles were analyzed, identifying four key factors in dyadic adjustment: agreement on issues such as finances and sexual satisfaction, partner satisfaction, cohesion, and expression of affection. No relationship was found between gender and the degree of adjustment. Conclusion: Dyadic adjustment is influenced by communication, cohesion, and sexual satisfaction, which are crucial factors for stability and well-being in couple relationships. Internal and external factors affect the quality of the relationship, reinforcing the marital bond.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Eficacia de la terapia cognitivo-conductual en el tratamiento de la anorexia nerviosa en adolescentes: Una revisión sistematizada.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Morocho Guamán, Karen Michelle; Ormaza Ulloa, Luis Miguel; 0107418691Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that is increasingly affecting adolescents, posing a significant challenge to public health and clinical practice. This disorder has physical repercussions, along with profound psychological and social implications. Given this complexity, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Maudsley Family Therapy (MFT) have emerged as essential interventions in treating adolescents with anorexia nervosa. CBT aims to modify dysfunctional thought patterns and behaviors related to eating and body image. In contrast, MFT actively involves the family, fostering a supportive and collaborative environment throughout the therapeutic process. This systematic review aimed to analyze rigorous scientific studies on the effectiveness of both therapies for adolescents with anorexia nervosa. A search was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, resulting in nine relevant articles for analysis. The findings demonstrate significant effectiveness for CBT and MFT, not only in reducing symptoms but also in enhancing patients’ overall well-being. In conclusion, both therapies have proven to be effective and complementary approaches, providing important clinical benefits in treating anorexia nervosa in the adolescent population.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Eficacia de la terapia cognitivo conductual en consumidores de alcohol en América.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Celi Palacio, Yamiled Ximena; Campoverde Pesantez, Augusta Ximena; 1150981379Introduction. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective psychotherapeutic intervention for treating problematic alcohol consumption, helping individuals modify the thought and behavioral patterns that contribute to addiction. In the Americas, CBT has demonstrated positive results. However, its effectiveness can be influenced by sociocultural and economic factors, as well as patient adherence to treatment. Objective. To analyze the efficacy of CBT in treating problematic alcohol consumption in the Americas. Methodology. A literature review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology, with a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory approach, including 20 studies published between 2019 and 2024. Results. CBT has proven effective in reducing alcohol consumption, supporting treatment, and preventing relapse. Its impact varies depending on the social and cultural context, complicating the generalization of results. Therefore, the study compared North and South America. In the United States, its use with regular drinkers has effectively modified dysfunctional patterns of thought and behavior. In South America, its effectiveness has also been reported; however, it is conditioned by sociocultural and economic factors, adapting to resource-limited contexts such as limited access to mental health services, the standardization of protocols, and the lack of long-term follow-up. Conclusion. CBT is an effective therapeutic tool; however, its success depends on the social context, the personalization of treatment, and its integration with complementary approaches. This combination optimizes results for each patient.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Trastorno de ansiedad en mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Calozuma López, Angie Nayely; León Prieto, María Elizabeth; 0750519324Introduction. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is cataloged as a conflict that requires global attention due to the increase in intimidation experienced by the female population through their spouse or partner. Its importance lies in the psychological consequences associated with the presence of anxiety disorders that generate difficulties in women's well-being. Objective. To describe the presence of anxiety disorders as a consequence of intimate partner violence. Methodology. A descriptive literature review was conducted using digital databases from the Catholic University of Cuenca, including Scopus, Web of Science, Redalyc, and Google Scholar, focusing on articles published within the last five years that addressed women between the ages of 18 and 25. Development. Anxiety disorders and intimate partner violence have long been linked, with fear, dread, and excessive worry being common expressions of the aversive situations experienced by women, reflecting the presence of mental disorders and difficulties in women's well-being. Conclusion. Anxiety disorder in women due to violence constitutes a complex challenge involving psychological and social aspects. Traumatic experiences resulting from emotional, physical, and sexual intimidation leave a significant mark on mental well-being, triggering symptoms of anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and other related disorders. Addressing this issue through a comprehensive approach, including psychological, social, and legal support, is essential.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Afectación emocional: ansiedad, depresión y estrés en familiares cuidadores de víctimas con cáncer.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Salazar Sánchez, Heidy Jazmina; León Prieto, María Elizabeth; 2200153670Introduction: Family members of oncology patients, whether direct relatives, partners, or friends, play a crucial role in their care, support, and protection, dedicating long hours to assisting them. Cancer not only impacts the patient but also those who care for them, generating psychological effects in caregivers. Often, some of the negative consequences experienced by oncology patients also affect the primary caregiver, who is responsible for providing care to the patient. As the disease progresses, caregivers often experience symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety, which can persist over time, frequently leading to the development of severe mental disorders. Objective: To identify the factors related to the development of anxiety, depression, and stress in family members of oncology patients. Methodology: A literature review with a qualitative approach was conducted using the virtual library databases of the "Catholic University of Cuenca" such as Scopus, Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, and SciELO. Results and Conclusions: The factors that influence psychological conditions in caregivers of oncology patients are diverse and complex. It is estimated that caregivers experience negative consequences on their mental health as a result of providing care to the patient, with factors such as the patient's age and the stage of the disease playing a determining role. These caregivers often experience symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress.
