Trabajos de Titulación - Ingeniería Psicología Clínica
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoProcedimientos de evaluación psicológica en el trastorno disfórico premenstrual.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Belesaca Chacha , Joseline; Pulla Pacheco , Erika; Viñanzaca López, Juan; 0107182909; 0106097736Menstruation is a normative physiological process in women, but it can lead to Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) with severe emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms during the luteal phase. This disorder significantly affects work performance, interpersonal relationships, and quality of life, with an associated risk of suicide, affecting 3-8 % of childbearing-age women. The lack of adequate psychological evaluations and treatments has hindered the experience and recovery from the disease. This study aimed to determine the psychological assessment procedures for premenstrual dysphoric disorder. The research used a descriptive narrative review design, following the PRISMA guidelines. Keywords such as “premenstrual dysphoric disorder, assessment, diagnosis, test, psychometric properties” were used in searches on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science with Boolean operators OR, AND, and XOR. Articles published in English were selected, including descriptive studies, meta-analyses, and other designs related to psychology and psychiatry. As a result, instruments such as SSS-8, PSST, PSQ, PMDD, ENR, and DASS-21 have been highlighted, which demonstrated diagnostic validity and excellent internal consistency (0.80-0.95), confirming their construct, diagnostic, predictive, and content validity. The psychosocial impact of PMDD shows that a poor diagnosis reduces quality of life, while an accurate diagnosis improves well-being and relationships, facilitating effective therapeutic interventions.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCaracterísticas neuropsicológicas asociadas a las adicciones comportamentales.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Álvarez Mendieta , Alisson; Bermeo Naspud , Manuel; Viñanzaca López, Juan; 2350662959; 0106146269Introduction. Behavioral addictions include gambling, video game use, sex addiction, exercise, and compulsive shopping. In recent years, including the pandemic period, an increase in these addictions has been observed worldwide, which motivates us to investigate their prevalence and related factors. Objective. To analyze the neuropsychological characteristics associated with behavioral addictions, determining their prevalence in Ecuador and evaluating the executive functions involved. Methodology. A randomized subsample of 200 persons who completed a digital form with sociodemographic data and assessment scales (EFECO II-VR, SABAS, IGDS-SF9, BSMAS) was used. Results. Findings revealed a significant prevalence of these addictions in Ecuador, showing remarkable correlations between smartphone app-based addiction and cognitive monitoring and monitoring (r = .349), working memory (r = .342), and deliberate control of emotions (r = . 341); between developing an Internet gaming disorder and cognitive supervision and monitoring (r = .327); and, between social networking addiction and deliberate control of emotions (r = .346), working memory (r = .364), proceeding with initiative (r = .358), and planning (r = .361). Conclusion. A considerable prevalence of addiction to smartphone applications, internet games, and social networks in the Ecuadorian population is highlighted, together with the association between these addictions and various impairments in executive functions.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAlternativas de tratamiento en niños con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH).(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Ortega Aguilar , Yajaira; Pozo López, Pablo; 0705761377Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by neurocognitive dysfunctions that disrupt attention, impulse control, and behavioral regulation. Objective: To explore the different treatment options available and their influence on the development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methodology: A qualitative literature review with a descriptive scope collected information through the virtual library of the Catholic University of Cuenca using repositories such as Scopus and Web of Science, including scientific articles, randomized trials, and books covering the period from 2018 to 2023. Conclusion: ADHD, with its high prevalence, requires a multidisciplinary approach for its treatment. Medication and cognitive-behavioral therapies are essential as they are highly effective and contribute to generating multidisciplinary therapeutic adherence. On the other hand, approaches such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), yoga, and mindfulness offer promising results due to their high contribution to improving behavioral symptomatology, contribution to learning and communication. Therefore, as long as conservative treatments accompany these techniques, the results are encouraging; however, the research and treatment base is limited.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCoexistencia del trastorno antisocial en el desarrollo de drogodependencias; Un enfoque desde la patología dual.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Muñoz Astudillo , Pedro; Reivan Ortiz , Geovanny; 0107132870This research aimed to analyze the coexistence between antisocial disorder and drug dependence comprehensively, explained from the perspective of dual pathology, with emphasis on the theoretical bases of clinical psychology. A qualitative, descriptive approach was used, and the methodology was based on a literature review. The following databases were used to search for information: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. As a result, the study mentions that antisocial disorder is mainly characterized by criminal behavior, manifested through aggressions and attacks on others, leading to the development of drug dependencies. There is a strong correlation between these factors, thus making it a dual pathology where the risk factors in social, family, and personal contexts strongly influence the development of this mental health issue.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoConsecuencias psicológicas de la infertilidad en parejas heterosexuales.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Merchán Valverde , Mishelle; Mazón Ávila, Juan; 0106161300Introduction: Infertility is a problem of great relevance since it causes problems at the family, individual, social, and psychological levels. Objective: To differentiate the psychological consequences of male and female infertility and establish the consequences of infertility in the work, social, and family spheres. Methodology: A literature review was conducted with a qualitative approach and descriptive scope through the use of various bibliographic sources in Spanish and English from 2019 to 2023, including the database of the Catholic University of Cuenca, Scopus, and PubMed, cataloged in quartile Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and by using keywords such as “psychological consequences,” “infertility,” and “couples” in people diagnosed with infertility. Results: The studies analyzed showed that depression is present in these patients, with little differentiation in terms of male and female sex. Regarding anxiety, stress, low self-esteem, and sexual dysfunctions, they reflected a higher prevalence in women. Regarding family consequences, a higher prevalence was obtained in men. Regarding work and social consequences, a higher prevalence was manifested in women. Conclusion: Studies agree that there is no significant differentiation in the prevalence of depression; on the contrary, anxiety, stress, low self-esteem, and sexual dysfunctions occur more in women. As for the family consequences, they are more evident in men, unlike the work and social consequences that are more evident in women.
