Trabajos de Titulación - Ingeniería Psicología Clínica

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  • Ítem
    Acceso Abierto
    Eficacia de la terapia cognitivo conductual en el trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad
    (Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Saquinaula Otavalo , Gabriel; Claudia , Arévalo Proaño; 0106356520
    Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that originates in childhood and is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one of the psychological therapies most commonly used for this pathology. Objective: To demonstrate the efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Methodology: The research employed a qualitative literature review with a descriptive approach. Results: ADHD has a worldwide prevalence of between 2% and 12% of the population. For these individuals, the primary CBT techniques used are token economy, modeling, reward and punishment, positive and negative reinforcement, and social skills training. Therefore, this therapy is effective in this pathology because scientific evidence reflects adherence to CBT treatment in ADHD. Conclusion: Finally, it is mentioned that the efficacy of CBT therapy is based on empirical scientific articles, where it was found that this therapy aims to modify inappropriate behaviors and conducts that cause discomfort to the child or its environment.
  • Ítem
    Acceso Abierto
    Adicción al internet y comportamientos agresivos en adolescentes
    (Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Calle Pesantez , Victoria; Zumba Guallpa , Cristina; Narvàez Pillco, Viviana; 0302711510; 0105916894
    Introduction. In the current era, digital technologies have become a constant presence, especially among adolescents. This growing dependence on technology has led to a concerning phenomenon: Internet addiction. Objective. To analyze internet addiction in adolescents and its relationship with aggressive behaviors. Methodology. It is a literature review conducted through Scopus, Redalyc, ProQuest, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, Dialnet, and SciELO databases, with sources published from 2018 to 2023. Results: Diverse types of internet addiction were identified, including dependence on social networks, video games, and compulsive consumption of digital content, which have severe psychological consequences on adolescents, such as depression, sleep disorders, and low self-esteem. Additionally, a significant relationship was found between internet addiction and aggressive behaviors in adolescents. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of implementing preventive and therapeutic measures that focus on the various forms of internet addiction and how they affect the mental health and well-being of adolescents. It is essential to prioritize digital education and media literacy, promote social interaction, and provide emotional support to encourage balanced use of technology and reduce potential risks associated with internet addiction in this demographic group.
  • Ítem
    Acceso Abierto
    Etiología de la infidelidad: apego en la infancia.
    (Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Barzallo Gualan , Mayuli; Nayeli, Medina Llivisupa; Ormaza Ulloa, Luis; 1950113884; 0106118060
    Introduction. The direct influence of early relationships on emotional development is defined as attachment, which is a tendency formed by profound childhood experiences. Different types of attachment are identified, such as secure attachment (SA), avoidant-dismissive (AD), insecure-ambivalent (AA), and disorganized-disoriented (DA). On the other hand, "infidelity" refers to noncompliance with fidelity and is a problem in interpersonal relationships due to imbalances in family, social, and individual dynamics. Objective: To analyze the etiology of infidelity from attachment in childhood. Methodology. The research used the PRISMA methodological approach (Page et al., 2021). The tactics to obtain information focused on key terms such as " attachment" and "infidelity," combined with Boolean operators "AND," were used in electronic databases such as "Web of Science," "PubMed," "Cochrane Library," and "Scopus" from specific years (2012-2023). Results. After the analysis of the information from the 19 articles, a broad perspective of each attachment was obtained, together with how they interact in interpersonal relationships, being in some cases factors that trigger infidelity. Conclusion. The influence of childhood attachment types on interpersonal relationships in adulthood is significant; SA tends to promote healthy courtships, while AA, AD, and DA attachments may present difficulties in bonding. Regarding infidelity, SA, AA, and DA commit acts of infidelity in smaller quantities, while AD avoids affective proximity and commitment, which leads them to seek external relationships more frequently.
  • Ítem
    Acceso Abierto
    Impacto psicológico de la migración en las familias Latinoamericanas
    (Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) León Ojeda , Jesica; Songor Illesca, Stalin; 0650491772
    Introduction: The disintegration and separations caused by migration in thousands of families, regardless of their home country, have a highly negative effect that can impact the physical and mental health of individuals who experience it. Additionally, migration has innumerable associated causes and factors. Objective: To describe the magnitude of the psychological damage caused by migration on the mental health of migrants and their families. Methodology: The methodology for this work employed a bibliographic research design and a descriptive scope. The geographical location for the literature review focused on Latin American countries. Scientific articles published in the last ten years were included. Results: The evaluation and results analyzed in this work demonstrate that migration causes a significant impact. The result shows that at least 60% of the migrant population has been affected psychologically, resulting in severe psychological illnesses that impede proper functionality in all vital areas for those affected. Conclusion: Undoubtedly, the psychological impact of migration is devastating. The mental health of all members of migrant families is ruined, and there are collateral effects, as established above. These effects can be present even in most of the psychosocial and personal development of many children, youth, and adults, and especially when these effects are not detected timely, they can lead to severe disorders that are often irreversible.
  • Ítem
    Acceso Abierto
    Asociación entre estrés y adicción a redes sociales en tiempos de posconfinamiento en el Azuay.
    (Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Angulo Verdugo, Walter; Ordóñez Ojeda , Carlos; Campoverde Pesantez, Augusta; 0150916195; 0751027749
    The stress and social media addiction resulting from the COVID-19 health emergency revealed how perceived stress during the prolonged lockdown was related to problematic use of social media. Post-lockdown stress has driven individuals to increasingly turn to social media as a coping strategy, leading to addictive behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between stress and social media addiction after confinement in the province of Azuay. A non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a descriptive-correlational approach was used, involving 206 adult participants of both genders, aged 19 to 64. Stress levels were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21, by its Spanish acronym), and addiction was measured using the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). Findings revealed that 53.4% of the sample did not suffer from stress, while 32% exhibited mild addiction to social media, followed by minimal/no addiction at 30.6%, particularly impacting females compared to males. A weak direct correlation between the two variables was observed, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.349. These outcomes suggest that stress has significant implications for mental health in the current context, especially concerning the use of social media in Azuay.