Trabajos de Titulación - Ingeniería Psicología Clínica
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/1865
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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Factores psicosociales vinculados a conductas alimentarias de riesgo en adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Coronel Cárdenas, Karen MaríaIntroduction. Disordered eating behaviors are practices aimed at reducing body weight; they predominate at an early age, specifically during adolescence, impairing the individual’s quality of life as they are characteristic of eating disorders, whose core symptomatology is shared, sometimes being implicit, such as concern about weight, and other times explicit, such as binge eating. In this context, prompt detection of these behaviors is recommended to prevent future consequences. Objective. This study aimed to analyze the psychosocial factors associated with risky eating behaviors in adolescents. Methodology. A literature review was conducted using a qualitative-descriptive approach, in which scientific literature was consulted in databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Springer Nature Link, and Taylor & Francis. The selected studies addressed the research question posed. Results. The evidence from the reviewed literature agreed that the most common risky eating behaviors reported in the selected sample were food restriction and binge eating episodes. Regarding psychosocial variables, the main factors were problematic use of social media, body image dissatisfaction, and the presence of body-shaming comments. Conclusions. The development of disordered eating behaviors during adolescence is closely linked to psychological factors and the sociocultural environment. The results highlighted the importance of addressing this issue from a comprehensive perspective.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Regulación emocional en la discapacidad visual.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Padilla Molina, Jessenia BelénItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Villamarín Narváez, Mateo JuliánItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Trauma infantil en el trastorno límite de la personalidad.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Ayuy Cajamarca, Yvonne AlexandraChildhood trauma is a major mental health concern, since exposure to it during sensitive developmental stages has been associated with the onset of severe psychological disorders, such as borderline personality disorder (BPD), which is characterized by emotional instability, impulsivity, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. In this regard, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between childhood trauma and the development of BPD by identifying the types of trauma most associated with this disorder and describing the mechanisms that explain this relationship. To this end, a qualitative literature review with a descriptive scope was conducted through a search in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Web of Science. An adaptation of the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram was applied to select 30 articles published between 2020 and 2026. The findings showed that emotional abuse and emotional neglect were the types of childhood trauma most strongly associated with BPD, even more so than physical and sexual abuse, while the relationship between both variables was supported by emotional, cognitive, dissociative, and biological mechanisms, such as emotional dysregulation, cognitive biases, and epigenetic alterations. In conclusion, childhood trauma, particularly in its emotional form, represents a consistent risk factor for the development of BPD. Therefore, strengthening early detection and emotional regulation in vulnerable populations is recommended.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Funcionalidad familiar su relación con la ansiedad e ira en niños y adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Angulo Aguilar , Karen Mariza; Condo Villa, Kevin OrlandoIntroduction. Family functioning plays a significant role in the social-emotional development of children and adolescents. Scientific evidence has shown that the dimensions of communication and affectivity are associated with emotional regulation and the presence of anxiety and anger. Objective. To identify the reported relationship between family functioning—specifically the dimensions of communication and affectivity—and the development of anxiety and anger in children and adolescents. Methodology. A narrative literature review with a descriptive-relational scope was conducted. The search was performed in the Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect databases using DeCS and MeSH descriptors related to family functioning, family communication, affectivity, anxiety, and anger, combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Original publications in Spanish and English published between 2018 and 2026 were included. Results. The evidence analyzed showed a consistent association between family functioning and lower levels of anxiety and anger in children and adolescents. Communication and affectivity were identified as dimensions associated with better emotional regulation, while low levels of family functioning were linked to a higher prevalence of internalizing problems and difficulties with anger control. The Family Assessment Device (FAD), the Family APGAR, and the FACES scales were the most commonly used tools for assessing family functioning. Conclusions. Scientific evidence indicated that communication and affectivity are key dimensions of family functioning, associated with better emotional regulation and lower levels of anxiety and anger during childhood and adolescence.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Efectos neuropsicológicos del uso excesivo de redes sociales en adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Ochoa Ruiz, Jason AlejandroCurrently, excessive use of social media is a global issue due to its impact on adolescdents’ neuropsychological development, as this period is characterized by brain maturation and high sensitivity to reinforcing digital stimuli. This study aimed to analyze the current scientific evidence on the neuropsychological effects associated with excessive social media use among adolescents, as well as to identify the cognitive functions most affected and the main prevention strategies reported in the literature. A narrative literature review was conducted by searching databases such as SciELO, Scopus, Dialnet, Web of Science, and Taylor & Francis. The results show that excessive social media use is primarily associated with the development of difficulties in sustained attention, working memory, and inhibitory control, as well as a decline in executive functions. Some studies reported changes in brain regions linked to cognitive control, although the evidence is not yet entirely consistent. In terms of prevention, strategies such as self-regulation, digital education, and support from family and school environments stand out for their effectiveness. In conclusion, excessive use of social media could pose a serious risk to neuropsychological functioning in adolescents. However, further longitudinal and neuroimaging studies are still needed to better understand this relationship.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Abuso sexual infantil: consecuencias biopsicosociales y formas de intervención psicoterapéutica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Piña Delgado, Verónica Samantha; Tapia Orellana, Roxana MichelleIntroduction: Child sexual abuse is a public health issue with significant biological, psychological, and social consequences that may persist into adulthood, substantially affecting the well-being and quality of life of survivors. Objective: To analyze the biopsychosocial consequences of child sexual abuse and the main forms of psychotherapeutic intervention supported by scientific evidence. Methodology: A qualitative study was conducted through a descriptive literature review using a systematic search strategy. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis were consulted. Scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, related to Clinical Psychology, psychological trauma, and psychotherapeutic intervention, were selected. Results: The empirical evidence reviewed showed that child sexual abuse is associated with biological, psychological, and social impairments, as well as anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and difficulties in functioning and interpersonal relationships. Various evidence-based psychotherapeutic approaches were subsequently examined, including Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, the systemic approach, and complementary strategies aimed at promoting the emotional recovery of survivors. Conclusion: Child sexual abuse has complex and long-lasting biopsychosocial consequences that significantly affect survivors’ overall development and mental health. Furthermore, the findings underscore the importance of specialized, trauma-informed psychotherapeutic interventions to promote psychological recovery and psychosocial adjustment.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Tipos de acoso escolar y la depresión en adolescentes(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Aguilar Narbay, Lisbeth Carolina; Vélez Quezada, José LuisBullying has a significant impact on adolescents’ mental health, manifesting in both direct and indirect ways, and is closely linked to levels of depression. Objective. To analyze the relationship between different types of bullying and depression among adolescents in school, defining both forms of aggression and assessing levels of depression related to victimization by bullying. Methodology. A descriptive and qualitative literature review was conducted through systematic searches of scientific databases, using controlled descriptors from the MeSH and DeCS thesauri and Boolean operators. Studies published between 2021 and 2026 were included, with study populations consisting of adolescents aged 10 to 19. Results: The findings showed that direct bullying was more common among males, particularly verbal and physical aggression, while indirect bullying, such as cyberbullying and relational bullying, predominated among females. Both forms were associated with mild-to-severe depressive symptoms, including self-harm and suicidal ideation. Self-esteem, social support, and emotional regulation acted as protective factors and mediating variables. Conclusion: A close, multifactorial relationship was demonstrated between the various forms of school bullying and the presence of depression among school-aged adolescents. These results highlight the need to implement well-structured preventive strategies tailored to the type of bullying, age, and gender, considering the family context, the educational environment, and mental health services, with an emphasis on early detection.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Efecto de la infidelidad en el deseo y satisfacción sexual en parejas adultas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Minchala Quito, Janneth AnabelThis study aimed to analyze the effect of infidelity on sexual desire and satisfaction in adult couples through a literature review. Infidelity creates complex experiences within romantic relationships because it undermines various aspects of emotional well-being through its impact, significantly influencing sexual desire and satisfaction while affecting the couple’s bond. Evidence indicates that infidelity affects a couple’s intimacy and alters sexual desire in a wide variety of ways: most commonly, the betrayed partner feels that sexual desire decreases, although some react with increased sexual activity or experience significant conflicts in their sexual relationship. These changes depend on factors such as the role each partner plays in the relationship, attachment style, gender, the motivations behind the betrayal, and the emotional resources available to cope with it, creating a reciprocal relationship in which sexual dissatisfaction can lead to infidelity and, in turn, infidelity gradually erodes trust, emotional closeness, and sexual well-being. Although the emotional impact of infidelity has been extensively studied, relatively little is known about how the sexual desire of the betrayed partner evolves over time; therefore, further studies are needed to examine this process in the short, medium, and long term, while also taking into account diverse cultural realities, sexual orientations, and life stages, with a special focus on the Latin American context.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Factores psicosociales que influyen en la preferencia de los hijos varones hacia el padre.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Alburqueque Luna, Britney Lisbeth; Mena Coyago, Maryuri MargothIntroduction: The configuration of parent-child relationships has undergone significant transformations, with an increasing number of children and adolescents expressing an explicit preference for the paternal figure, particularly in contexts involving family breakdown, child custody, and legal proceedings, creating the need to understand the psychosocial factors underlying this phenomenon. Objective: To analyze the influence of the emotional bond, socioeconomic status, time spent together, and parenting styles on boys’ preference for their paternal figure in cases of family breakdown. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive-analytical literature review was conducted using a systematic search of Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Taylor & Francis, Frontiers, and ScienceDirect, combining MeSH and DeCS descriptors with Boolean operators. Articles published between 2016 and 2026 in both Spanish and English were included. Results: The findings showed that the quality of the father-son emotional bond was the most significant factor influencing preference and acted as a protective factor against anxiety: socioeconomic status, time spent together, and paternal presence had an indirect influence, while the quality of that time proved to be a more influential factor than physical presence. An authoritative parenting style fostered more secure bonds, whereas authoritarian and permissive styles weakened them. Conclusion: The psychosocial factors analyzed influenced the emotional attachment of sons toward their fathers in an interrelated, rather than isolated, manner, and the need to incorporate a comprehensive assessment of these variables into expert reports focused on the best interests of the child was emphasized.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Bermeo Cevallos, Andres EstebanItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Prácticas utilizadas por los peritos psicólogos en la evaluación de la interferencia parental en el contexto forense.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Matute Vélez, Mateo Nicolás; Mejía Narváez, Danner ZahidThe involvement of forensic psychologists in judicial proceedings is essential for providing technical evidence that supports decision-making in family disputes. However, in Ecuador, there is limited systematization regarding the procedures used to assess parental interference, which may result in variability in the criteria and methodologies applied. This study aimed to explore the practices employed by forensic psychologists in the assessment of parental interference within the Ecuadorian forensic context. A qualitative research design was adopted, based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 forensic psychologists registered in the database of the Judicial Council, through thematic analysis, four major themes were identified: The protection of children and adolescents throughout the forensic assessment process through interview techniques and strategies aimed at safeguarding their rights; The methodological and ethical protection of the assessment process, including the prevention of suggestion, the triangulation of information, the comprehensive analysis of family relationships, and the control of evaluator bias; External pressures and loyalty conflicts encountered in forensic practice, associated with attempts to influence both children and adolescents and the evaluating professionals; and the application of professional knowledge within the judicial system, considering challenges related to continuing professional development, the reception and interpretation of forensic reports, and the technical and legal substantiation of expert conclusions. The findings reveal the implementation of strategies designed to safeguard the participation of children and adolescents while also highlighting limitations arising from the absence of standardized assessment protocols and institutional demands within the judicial system.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Relación entre la regulación emocional y la intensidad subjetiva de la reacción en estudiantes de Psicología Clínica de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Pacheco Pacheco, Alberto JosuéIntending to scientifically describing psychoemotional dynamics relevant to the quality of life of the Ecuadorian population, this study analyzed the relationship between emotional regulation and the subjective intensity of reactions among Clinical Psychology students at the Catholic University of Cuenca. An observational, cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach and a descriptive-relational scope was employed. The sample consisted of 87 students selected using non-probability convenience sampling. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), an emotional self-perception survey, and a sociodemographic questionnaire designed ad hoc were administered. The results showed a predominance of cognitive reappraisal (M = 30.06; SD = 5.52) over expressive suppression (M = 15.49; SD = 5.43). Regarding emotional recognition, joy and disgust showed high levels of agreement, whereas anger showed the lowest level. Correlation analysis using Spearman's coefficient revealed no statistically significant relationship between emotional regulation strategies and the subjective intensity of the reactions, suggesting that the way participants regulated their emotions did not influence the intensity with which they experienced the stimuli (cognitive reappraisal: ρ = −.086, p = .430; expressive suppression: ρ = .138, p = .201), which led to the acceptance of the null hypothesis. These findings provide initial empirical evidence regarding emotional functioning in emerging adults and establish a foundation for the design and improvement of emotional assessment tools.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Influencia del estrés en el bienestar emocional de los estudiantes universitarios.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Erreyes Celi, Maythe JamileAcademic stress is one of the main factors affecting the mental health and emotional well-being of university students, leading to impairments in their coping abilities, emotional stability, and adaptation to the demands of the academic environment. The overall objective of this study was to determine how stress influences the emotional well-being of college students. The methodology employed was a qualitative, descriptive literature review based on the analysis of scientific articles obtained from specialized databases and selected according to previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analyzed studies revealed that academic stress is negatively associated with various components of emotional well-being, primarily anxiety, depression, mental well-being, subjective well-being, and quality of life. Additionally, contextual factors such as academic overload, assessment demands, and university adaptation processes were identified as factors that increase students’ perception of stress. At the individual level, variables such as resilience, academic motivation, perception of stress, and social support act as protective factors that promote better psychological adaptation. It is concluded that academic stress has a significant and negative impact on the emotional well-being of college students, affecting multiple dimensions of mental health. However, the presence of adequate personal and social resources can mitigate its effects and promote psychological well-being in the college setting.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Recompensa ambiental, sintomatología depresiva y funciones ejecutivas en adultos emergentes universitarios de Cuenca-Ecuador 2025-2026.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Alvarez Soliz, Viviana Estefania; Rosero Grijalva, Aldo JhosefatIntroduction. Depressive symptoms (DS) constitute a public health problem associated with emotional and cognitive impairments. Environmental reward (ER) and executive functions (EFs) have been identified as relevant variables for understanding the development and maintenance of depressive symptoms. Objective. To analyze the relationship between environmental reward, self-reported executive functions, and depressive symptoms, as well as the differences between individuals with and without depressive symptoms among emerging adults at the Catholic University of Cuenca. Methodology. A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, and comparative-correlational study was conducted. The sample consisted of 422 university students aged 18 to 29 years, selected using non-probability convenience sampling. The Depression Subscale of the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Executive Functions Scale for University Students, and the Environmental Reward Observation Scale were administered. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (α = .05). Results. Significant associations were observed between the distribution of depressive symptoms according to sex (χ² = 8.74, p = .003) and place of residence (χ² = 4.96, p = .026). Participants with depressive symptoms exhibited lower levels of environmental reward and executive functions. Furthermore, depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with environmental reward (ρ = −.487, p < .001) and executive functions (ρ = −.400, p < .001), whereas environmental reward was positively correlated with executive functions (ρ = .482, p < .001). Conclusion. Higher levels of environmental reward and better executive functioning were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of environmental and cognitive factors in understanding the mental health of emerging adult university students.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Alteraciones en el deseo sexual en pacientes adultos con cáncer de próstata.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Lata Pinos, María de los ÁngelesIntroduction. The contemporary approach to prostate cancer requires moving beyond the traditional biomedical focus centered exclusively on survival rates and biochemical control of prostate-specific antigen, recognizing that oncological treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and androgen deprivation therapy trigger profound and interconnected consequences in the psychological, relational, and social spheres of the individual. A drastic decrease in sexual desire and impaired erectile function are not merely tolerable side effects but powerful drivers of suffering that precipitate identity crises, anxiety, cognitive rumination, and reactive depression by directly undermining the pillars of traditional masculinity and self-esteem. Objective. To analyze changes in sexual desire in adult patients with prostate cancer through a descriptive qualitative literature review of studies published between 2021 and 2026. Methodology. A descriptive qualitative literature review was conducted of studies published between 2021 and 2026, considering evidence synthesis, therapeutic modalities, and associated biopsychosocial and relational factors. Results. Treatments for prostate cancer were associated with a significant decrease in sexual desire, particularly androgen deprivation therapy and combination therapies. In addition, biopsychosocial consequences affecting patients’ quality of life were identified. Conclusion. Evidence showed that the sexual side effects of prostate cancer treatment significantly affect self-esteem and peer relationships, requiring an interdisciplinary approach that includes psychological well-being and psychosexual well-being.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Apoyo social percibido y su relación con la ideación suicida en adolescentes: una revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Quito Paida, John StalinIntroduction. Adolescence has been identified as a stage of high emotional vulnerability, during which suicidal ideation has emerged as serious public health issue. In this regard, social support has been considered a key protective factor against several psychosocial risks. Objective. To analyze the available scientific evidence on the relationship between perceived social support and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Methodology. A narrative literature review was conducted using a descriptive-relational approach. The search was carried out in high-impact databases, considering studies published between 2020 and 2025 in adolescent populations. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to identify relevant findings. Results. Findings showed that there is an inverse relationship between perceived social support and suicidal ideation, while isolation, family conflicts, and bullying increased the risk. Furthermore variables such as anxiety, depression, and self-esteem were found to mediate this relationship. Conclusion. Perceived social support was found to be a key protective factor against suicidal ideation in adolescents, although its effect depended on emotional variables and contextual factors. Additionally, the need to strengthen support networks and conduct longitudinal research to further deepen the understanding of this phenomenon was highlighted.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Influencia de los pares en la imagen corporal y problemas de la conducta alimentaria: anorexia y bulimia en adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Román Pérez, Eulalia MaríaMental health issues related to eating disorders become apparent during adolescence due to profound biological, psychological, and social changes, resulting in greater vulnerability regarding body image. Peer pressure becomes a key factor, as adolescents use these interactions to build their identities, shape their perceptions of their bodies, foster a sense of belonging within their peer group, and seek acceptance by conforming to socially constructed beauty standards, which may lead to a negative body image. Research has shown that these disorders in adolescence are primarily related to anorexia and bulimia, which have physical, emotional, and social consequences. This study aimed to analyze the influence of peers on body image and its relationship with the presence of eating disorders in adolescents. A descriptive literature review was conducted, and its findings were synthesized through thematic narrative synthesis, organizing the scientific evidence into related conceptual categories. The search terms “adolescence,” “body image,” “peer influence,” “body dissatisfaction,” “anorexia,” and “bulimia” were used, along with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Publications from 2021 to 2025 in Spanish and English were considered. Finally, it was found that adolescents’ body image is directly influenced by their peers, as they are vulnerable to social pressure, social comparison, and body-related teasing; these factors contribute to a negative body image, fostering body dissatisfaction and triggering disordered eating behaviors.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Vulnerabilidad psicológica en niños víctimas de violencia física(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Gañay Loja, Angélica ValeriaThis study aimed to analyze the psychological vulnerability and behavioral manifestations present in children who have experienced physical violence. The study was conducted using a literature review design with a descriptive scope and a qualitative approach, involving a review of scientific research related to child physical abuse, emotional consequences, behavioral problems, and family factors associated with experiences of violence. This review was based on an analysis of seven scientific articles that addressed the psychological consequences of physical abuse, patterns of child vulnerability, and behavioral disturbances resulting from coercive parenting practices. It was found that children exposed to violent family environments are at greater risk of developing patterns of psychological vulnerability when the home ceases to be a place of safety, protection, and emotional stability. The scientific literature reviewed indicates that these experiences affect the development of attachment and self-concept. Furthermore, physical abuse during childhood is associated with anxiety, persistent fear, social withdrawal, low self-esteem, aggression, impulsivity, irritability, difficulties in emotional regulation, and problems with social and school adjustment, as well as academic performance, interpersonal relationships, and their perception of the environment. It was concluded that childhood physical abuse is a multifactorial issue that compromises the psychological, emotional, and social well-being of children. This review provides a broader understanding of the emotional and behavioral consequences of physical abuse while also encouraging future research on psychological interventions aimed at the comprehensive protection of children and the development of healthier coping strategies.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Trastorno de estrés postraumático en el bienestar psicosocial de la población militar.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Faican Herrera , Taison Alexander; Guatatuca Loza, Kelly MishellIntroduction. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among military personnel is high and variable, influenced by combat-related trauma, psychosocial factors, and contextual factors. PTSD has a significant impact on individual health, military cohesion, and operational effectiveness. Objective. This study aimed to determine the impact of PTSD on the psychosocial well-being of the military personnel. Methodology. The study was based on a narrative review with a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope, using the Scopus, PubMed, and SciELO databases. A total of 49 studies were included, examining the etiology of PTSD among the military personnel from biological, psychological, social, and occupational factors, as well as its consequences for psychosocial well-being in the emotional and psychological, social and family, and occupational categories. Conclusion. PTSD among military personnel has a multidimensional impact on psychosocial well-being, leading to depression, anxiety, and social dysfunction. Its etiology is multifactorial, involving biological, psychological, and social factors. Therefore, a comprehensive, differentiated, and context-specific approach is urgently needed, especially in Latin America and among female veterans.
