Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Medicina
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/89
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Sensibilidad y especificidad de las escalas de predicción de RACE y CPSS. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Cajas Yascaribay, Cristopher Damian; Torres Criollo, Larry Miguel; 0301952651This study addresses the challenges of diagnosing ischemic stroke (AIS) in resource-limited clinical settings, where the Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation (RACE) and Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) scales serve as essential tools. It aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of these two scales through a systematic review of recent studies. The methodology followed the PRISMA model, including clinical trials and observational studies published in English or Spanish. Results revealed notable variability: CPSS demonstrated greater consistency in sensitivity, while RACE excelled in specificity. The positive predictive value of CPSS ranged from 22% to 98%, while RACE's was between 28% and 93%. Regarding negative predictive value, RACE performed more uniformly (60%- 100%) than CPSS (23%- 96%). Likelihood ratios (LR) indicated that RACE might be more effective in excluding AIS in negative cases. In conclusion, while both scales have advantages, CPSS is more suitable for early detection due to its higher sensitivity. In contrast, RACE is more helpful in confirming suspected cases due to its specificity. Additional studies are recommended to standardize their use and assess their impact on clinical practice and long-term outcomes. Keywords: CPSS, RACE, sensitivity, specificity, predictive valueÍtem Acceso Abierto Infecciones oportunistas que afectan a pacientes con trasplante de órganos. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Romero Ávila, Luis Fernando; Pérez Ramírez, Jacinto Eugenio; 0301863569Background: Opportunistic infections are conditions that cause complications in transplant patients, potentially leading to organ rejection or death. This systematic review aimed to analyze the infections most frequently affecting transplant patients and their treatment and prophylaxis. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive systematic review with a non-experimental design was focused on medical documents in English and Spanish from 2017 to 2024 in scientific databases such as PubMed, Taylor & Francis, Dialnet, Elsevier, Medline, and Scopus. Literature reviews and scientific articles not corresponding to the years mentioned, those not in English or Spanish, and those on topics of no significant relevance were excluded. The information was organized using the Zotero reference manager and an Excel table. Results: The initial search resulted in 4,331 records in PubMed, 3,038 in Taylor & Francis, 2,194 in Web of Science, and 1,637 in SCOPUS, totaling 11,200 documents. After applying filters, 28 relevant articles were selected, ranging from Q1 to Q2, and rated as excellent according to the Pedro scale. Discussion: Based on the 28 reviewed articles, 26 authors discussed the primary transplants affected: liver, lung, heart, kidney, pancreas, and intestine, and all of them agreed on the microorganisms impacting each organ and the treatment and prophylaxis methods. Keywords: opportunistic infections, transplant, post-transplant, treatment, prophylaxisÍtem Acceso Abierto Tratamiento conservador versus tratamiento quirúrgico de la fractura de Colles. Revisión Sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Ludizaca Quito, Jonnathan Josue; Capote Llenares, Miguel Ángel; 0302124805Background: A Colles' fracture occurs at the distal end of the radius with dorsal comminution, dorsal angulation, dorsal displacement, radial shortening, and an associated fracture of the ulnar styloid process. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical signs, especially the characteristic "dinner fork" deformity. The most common complications include compartment syndrome, median nerve injury, and vascular injuries. Therefore, this systematic review compares the effectiveness of conservative and surgical treatments for Colles' fracture. Methods: A literature search was conducted at the Catholic University of Cuenca's virtual library about clinical and randomized controlled trials, as well as original articles from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The search focused on relevant studies of conservative and surgical treatments for Colles' fracture. Additionally, literature search matrix was created in Excel, and the EndNote reference manager was used to organize the references. Results: Among the included studies, comparisons between casting and immobilization with volar flexion and ulnar deviation (VFUDC) indicated that the surgical group had better outcomes. Conclusions: From the reviewed articles, it was concluded that functional cast immobilization was more effective than VFUDC immobilization; regarding postoperative pain relief; ibuprofen demonstrated that it was more effective. Long-term comparative studies are needed to assess the functional outcomes of conservative and surgical treatments. Keywords: Colles' fracture, conservative treatment, surgical treatment, complicationsÍtem Acceso Abierto Complicaciones relacionadas a la nutrición parenteral en pacientes pediátricos. Revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) González Merchán , Viviana Elizabeth; Pérez Ramírez, Jacinto Eugenio; 1718376799Introduction: Parenteral nutrition refers to a type of feeding that supplies the body with a concentrated mixture through a venous line, either peripheral or central. The complications associated with parenteral nutrition in children are generally alarming when using central lines due to the risks of sepsis and mechanical and metabolic disturbances caused by factors such as long-duration catheters and the type and number of lumens. Objective: To identify the main complications associated with parenteral nutrition in pediatric patients. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The data collected comes from publications over the last five years from SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and SpringerLink. Each publication was assessed for quality and individual bias risks. Results: Approximately 519,750 publications were found before applying filters. After filtering, 18 scientifically relevant studies were selected, from which two were obtained from Google Scholar, three from PubMed, four from SciELO, eight from Semantic Scholar, and one from SpringerLink. After analyzing and comparing these studies, it was identified that the most common complications in parenteral nutrition for pediatric patients were infectious and mechanical. Discussion: Following a thorough analysis and comparison of the results with the available literature, it is established that this systematic review aims to address the stated objectives. Keywords: complications, parenteral nutrition, pediatrics, cathetersÍtem Acceso Abierto Complicaciones en fracturas expuestas de extremidades inferiores. revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Encalada Castillo, Kevin Andrés; Capote Llanares, Miguel Ángel; 0302538624Open fractures represent a global health issue due to their unfavorable prognosis. In the United States, 11.5 individuals per 100,000 experience these fractures each year, with 40% occurring in the lower limbs. Objective: To analyze data on the most common complications of open fractures in the lower limbs. Methodology: A systematic review was developed on complications associated with open fractures in the lower extremities. The scientific articles were searched in databases such as SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar, including publications from 2018 to 2022. The selected studies were evaluated using the PRISMA 2020 method and the GRADE scale to classify the quality of information. The PICO strategy was applied to structure the research. Data were organized and presented in tables. Results: An initial pool of 5,134 records was identified, of which eight studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. These studies revealed a high prevalence of infectious complications, with infection rates ranging from 19% to 40.4%. Other identified complications included pseudarthrosis, suture dehiscence, amputations, osteomyelitis, shortening, compartment syndrome, and fatigue of osteosynthesis materials. According to Gustilo-Anderson, grade III fractures exhibited the highest complication rates. Conclusions: Open fractures in the lower limbs are expected, with tibial fractures being the most prevalent and showing a high incidence of Grade III fractures. Infections are the most frequent complication, followed by nonunion and compartment syndrome. Keywords: open fracture, complications, lower limbs, infectionsÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo asociados al consumo de sustancias ilícitas en estudiantes universitarios. Revisión Sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Domo Andrade, Gabriela Carolina; Velásquez Troconis, Alberto Ramón; 0705946432Illicit substance consumption among university students has a multifactorial origin due to the influence of various risk factors, including environmental, genetic, and individual aspects. In young university students, it leads to significant personal, familial, and academic consequences. Illicit substance consumption is influenced by a lack of prevention and psychoeducational focus and by fostering values, attitudes, and healthy emotions initially at home, in schools, universities, and at the state level. Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with illicit substance consumption among university students. Methodology: A systematic review with a qualitative, descriptive approach was conducted. It involved searching for original articles in scientifically accredited virtual libraries and databases using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Data from documents were sourced from online databases such as SciELO, Redalyc, Taylor & Francis, and Web of Science. Each study was evaluated for quality and bias. Results: The studies used in this review were of excellent quality, with a low risk of bias. Results revealed that risk factors leading to illicit substance consumption include demographic factors (gender, age, occupation, socioeconomic status, educational level, and religion); social factors (parties, family relationships, and recreational activities); psychological factors (primarily anxiety, depression, stress, personality traits, and self-esteem); work-related factors (employment and workplace conflicts); and academic factors (course preferences, part-time studies, failed semesters, peer groups, academic performance, lack of understanding and concentration). Other factors with a lesser association include bullying and quality of life. Keywords: illicit substances, university students, risk factors, drug consumption, preventionÍtem Acceso Abierto Efectividad diagnóstica y seguridad de la Elastografía en pacientes con Fibrosis Hepática. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Aguaiza Rivera , Estefanía De Rocío; Idrovo Vázquez, Víctor Aníbal; 0302078126Introduction: Hepatic fibrosis results from a chronic inflammatory process of liver tissue, leading to the development of pathological scar tissue. Diagnosis is usually clinical, using scales like the hepatic steatosis index (HSI), fatty liver index (FLI), and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS). However, due to their low effectiveness, several studies have supported using elastography. Objective: To determine the diagnostic effectiveness of transient elastography compared to the HSI, FLI, and NFS scales for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through a systematic review. Methodology: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Data was collected through an updated search of medical databases such as PubMed, Elsevier, SciELO, and Cochrane, with information selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The OXFORD standard was used to categorize the references. Results: Forty-one bibliographic references were collected, 14 were used in the discussion, and 6 provided relevant data on the sensitivity and specificity of the scales. At the same time, the remaining eight references study the safety and diagnostic or prognostic effectiveness of transient elastography or FibroScan in NAFLD. Conclusion: Transient elastography, as an early marker of liver damage, is more effective in patients under 35 years of age with a low Body Mass Index (BMI) and no congestive diseases. Its sensitivity is 96%, and specificity is 98%, higher than the NFS, FLI, and index for Liver Fibrosis (FIB) scales. Keywords: elastography, hepatic fibrosis, steatosis, ultrasoundÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo de cáncer de mama. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Vizhñay Ramón, Paola Estefania; Espinoza Díaz, Cristobal Ignacio; 1400980288Breast cancer is considered a disease with a high mortality rate. Modifiable risk factors, such as hormone use, obesity, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking, contribute to breast cancer risk. Additionally, breast cancer risk has been described in women with a family history of the disease, BReast CAncer gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) mutations, or familial cancer syndromes. Methodology: Based on the PRISMA 2020 statement, a qualitative systematic review was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Study quality was assessed using the U.S. National Institutes of Health scale. Results: Twenty-five eligible articles were included. Most studies highlighted that in women with a family history of breast cancer, modifiable risk factors showed no association with breast cancer. In contrast, some studies reported a decrease in risk (physical activity) or an increase (hormonal contraception/menopausal hormone therapy, smoking, alcohol consumption). Conclusions: This review identified and evaluated various limitations in the included studies, which affect the interpretation of the results. The risk of bias was mainly observed in the inconsistency of exposure and outcome measurements and variability in the definitions of modifiable risk factors. This heterogeneity in measurement, ranging from retrospective to current data across different life stages, underscores the need for standardization in the definitions and methodologies used in future research. Keywords: BRCA1, BRCA2, cancer, luminal A, luminal B, breast, triple-negativeÍtem Acceso Abierto Eficacia de craniectomía descompresiva en pacientes con traumatismo craneoencefálico. Revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Tacuri Arcentales, Jennifer Alejandra; Torres Criollo, Larry Miguel; 0302617592Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. This review evaluates the efficacy of decompressive craniectomy in TBI patients, given its high prevalence and individual and social burden. A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology with well-defined inclusion criteria. The PICO tool was used to develop the research question, and searches were conducted in several electronic databases. Results indicate that decompressive craniectomy can reduce mortality by up to 30% compared to standard medical treatment. A 22% efficacy rate in significant recovery from 6 to 18 months was also observed. However, associated complications, such as a vegetative state and moderate to severe disability, have an average rate of approximately 35%. The Decompressive Craniectomy (DECRA) and Randomised Evaluation of Surgery with Craniectomy for Uncontrollable Elevation of Intracranial Pressure (RESCUEicp) studies indicate an average survival rate of 25%, this study reports a 20% survival rate, suggesting a similar favorable overall prognosis. Nevertheless, complications and vegetative states occur at a higher rate of 30% compared to other studies. Finally, data on quality of life reveal that decompressive craniectomy can improve survival; however, quality of life after the intervention also depends on different factors, such as postoperative care and rehabilitation, which are essential for achieving adequate recovery. Keywords: traumatic brain injury, decompressive craniectomy, efficacy, prognostic factorsÍtem Acceso Abierto Métodos quirúrgicos en el tratamiento del síndrome del tunel carpiano.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Villa Juela, Marcos Javier; Capote Llanares, Miguel Ángel; 0105457592Introduction: Carpal syndrome is based on compression of the median nerve, a widespread pathology in the world with a prevalence of 5.5% according to World Health Organization (WHO) data, with a predominance in the female gender aged 50 to 60 years. The most effective treatment for this disease is surgery, with an effectiveness of 98%, with complications around 15-30%. Method: A systematic literature review of the last five years was conducted, covering 29 scientific documents on clinical interventions and observational studies related to surgical methods for treating carpal tunnel syndrome. Objective: To analyze surgical methods in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. Results: The most frequently chosen technique, used in 42.85% of cases, was the minimally invasive endoscopic technique, which demonstrated an efficacy of approximately 95.82% and a complication rate of 2.92%. The open technique had an effectiveness of 93.57% with a complication rate of 4.71%. Lastly, the minimally invasive ultrasound-guided technique showed an efficacy of 89.40%, but complications occurred either during recovery or 1-2 weeks after, with a rate of 5.20%. Conclusions: The most utilized method in surgical treatment was the endoscopic technique, not only because it is less invasive than the open method or more effective than the ultrasound-guided method but also because it offers notable advantages such as fewer complications and faster recovery, both personally and professionally, compared to the open technique. Keywords: surgery, carpal tunnel, surgical methods, median nerveÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo asociado a Retinopatía Diabética. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Torres León, Valeria Lizbeth; Cabezas García, Ana María; 0105125876Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication (50%) that can occur in all types of diabetes mellitus (DM) and is the leading cause of blindness in people aged 20 to 74. The prevalence and incidence of DR increase with poor glycemic control. Objective: To investigate the risk factors associated with Diabetic Retinopathy Methodology: This research was a qualitative systematic literature review with a descriptive analysis. Virtual libraries like SciELO and Taylor and Francis were considered for their organization and literature review. The Zotero bibliographic manager was used, and the methodology of the PRISMA 2020 Guide was followed. Results: A total of 8,543 records were obtained, and after applying filters, 12 from SciELO and 14 from Taylor and Francis were selected, these were added to those reviewed for theoretical information, and it was gathered a total of 44. The primary risk factors for developing Diabetic Retinopathy are long-term diabetes, arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, pregnancy, recurrent high levels of Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), obesity, and smoking, among others. Discussion: Based on the results, some of the collected data align with the study’s objectives, while others do not. Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, diabetes mellitus, glycemia, hypertension, hyperglycemiaÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo asociados a conducta suicida y su manejo terapéutico. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Guallpa Guaman, Nancy Maribel; Velázquez Traconis, Alberto Ramon; 0302393558Introduction: Suicidal behavior is considered one of the significant public health issues worldwide. It is estimated that around 703,000 people died by suicide in 2021 (1 in every 100 deaths). Mitigating risk factors and providing appropriate therapeutic management are essential to reduce the occurrence and impact of suicide. Objective: To analyze the risk factors associated with suicidal behavior and its therapeutic management. Methodology: This is a qualitative systematic review, with data collection and analysis based on the PRISMA 2020 Statement. Scientific data were gathered from ScienceDirect, SciELO, PubMed, Semantic Scholar, and Taylor and Francis databases. Each included study was evaluated for quality and individual risk of bias. Results: A total of 30 scientifically relevant articles were identified; 20 focused on the risk factors associated with suicidal behavior, while 10 addressed therapeutic management. Conclusion: Most of the studies had moderate methodological quality and a low to moderate risk of bias. The most prevalent risk factors identified were age, depression, a history of suicide attempts, stress, violence in all forms, low to middle socioeconomic status, male gender, and secondary education. On the other hand, in therapeutic management, the effective use of certain coadjuvant drugs such as ketiamine and others that are still under investigation has been identified. Keywords: risk factors, suicidal ideation, self-harm behavior, suicide, therapeuticÍtem Acceso Abierto Efectividad de la inmunoterapia con pembrolizumab versus inmunoterapia con pembrolizumab combinada con quimiorradiación en el cáncer de cérvix. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Rivera Chicaiza, Erika Johanna; Buenaño Rodríguez, Christian Eduardo; 0107239402Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplasm that originates in the cells of the cervix and is caused by a sexually transmitted infection of the human papillomavirus (HPV). It is a highly prevalent condition among women worldwide, requiring early diagnosis to improve treatment efficacy. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of pembrolizumab immunotherapy versus pembrolizumab immunotherapy combined with chemoradiation in cervical cancer. Methodology: A qualitative systematic review of controlled clinical trials was conducted on literature reviews and systematic reviews in English and Spanish reporting the effectiveness of pembrolizumab immunotherapy versus pembrolizumab combined with chemoradiation in cervical cancer from 2016 to 2024. Results: Studies confirmed the effectiveness of pembrolizumab combined with chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer, with overall survival rates increasing by more than 50% in patients treated with this combination. Adverse effects of pembrolizumab include fatigue, headaches, pneumonitis, hypothyroidism, neutropenia, anemia, and skin rash. Conclusions: Pembrolizumab shows greater effectiveness when combined with chemoradiation. Keywords: cervical cancer, pembrolizumab, immunotherapy, chemotherapyÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo asociados a la depresión postparto. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Quinteros Salazar, María José; Cantos Reyes, Claudia Katerine; 0302407663Postpartum depression represents a worldwide public health problem and is the fourth leading cause of maternal death. It is classified as one of the major depressive disorders according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), diagnosed two weeks after childbirth. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with postpartum depression. Method: A qualitative, descriptive study was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. It was based on an exhaustive review of available literature from SciELO, PubMed, and Taylor and Francis Online databases. Results: The risk factors associated with postpartum depression (PPD) include single marital status (OR: 7.9, p-value: 0.001), financial difficulties (OR: 4.7, p-value: <0.001), multiple parity (OR: 2.85, p-value: <0.0001), gestational hypertension (OR: 2.3, p-value: <0.001), gestational diabetes (OR: 2.26, p-value: <0.001), history of depression (OR: 1.66 to 10.60, p-value: <0.001 to 0.00), bipolar disorder (OR: 5, p-value: 0.02), post-traumatic stress disorder (OR: 9.170, p-value: <0.001), family history of mental disorders (OR: 2.97, p-value: <0.001), severe anxiety (OR: 273.00, p-value: 0.00), moderate anxiety (OR: 17.38, p-value: <0.001), high parental stress during the last month (OR: 12.48, p-value: <0.0001), previous health problems (OR: 5.33, p-value: 0.002), and having a newborn admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (OR: 3.88, p-value: <0.001). Discussion: The results reveal a correlation between the identified risk factors, though it is important to highlight the scarcity of research on this topic within the country. Keywords: risk factors, depression, postpartum, depressive disorderÍtem Acceso Abierto Tratamiento quirurgico de las lesiones del manguito rotador. Revision Sistematica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Jiménez Campoverde, Bryan Alexander; Capote Llanare, Miguel Ángel; 0706713021Rotator cuff injuries are one of the leading cause of musculoskeletal pain, particularly affecting older adults and individuals with high levels of physical activity. These injuries include tears, subacromial impingement, and tendinopathies and their treatment can be either conservative or surgical. Arthroscopy, a minimally invasive surgical technique, enables rapid and effective recovery. This study aims to identify the most common surgical treatment for rotator cuff injuries through a systematic review. From databases such as ProQuest, Cochrane, and PubMed, 452 articles were reviewed, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 25 relevant articles. Various surgical techniques were compared, and recovery times, pain relief, complication rates, and invasiveness were evaluated. The results indicated that rotator cuff tears accounted for 56% of the cases analyzed. Arthroscopy was the most frequently used and effective technique, noted for its minimal invasiveness and rapid recovery. Additionally, it was found that combining surgical treatment with conservative rehabilitation significantly improved pain and mobility. In conclusion, arthroscopy is the preferred option for treating rotator cuff injuries. Considering factors such as patient age and physical activity level, the appropriate choice of surgical technique is essential for optimizing postoperative outcomes and improving the patient's quality of life. Keywords: injury rotator cuff, surgical technique, arthroscopyÍtem Acceso Abierto Polimedicación y Prescripción inadecuada en adultos mayores. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Garcia Siguencia, Jhoana Elizabeth; Bravo Salinas, Sara Elizabeth; 0152131314Aging implies the possibility of chronic diseases; consequently, there is the consumption of drugs that affect the quality of life and the process of healthy aging; factors like polymedication and inadequate prescription have generated adverse effects in older adults such as increased hospitalizations, risk of falls, decreased cognitive function, and death, among others. Objective: To determine the impact on the quality of life in older adults due to polymedication and inappropriate prescribing through a review of case studies and updated scientific articles, to know the consequences on physical, psychological, and social health and the degree of autonomy. Method: A retrospective, descriptive, and explanatory systematic review of qualitative type was conducted using the PRISMA 2020 Guide, based on scientific articles published in the last five years, in Spanish and English. Results: Eighteen scientific articles were included, each presenting a significant figure of polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing. A negative effect on quality of life (physical, psychological, social, and degree of autonomy) was identified, ranging from mild, moderate, and severe side effects, and can reach hospitalization and, in the worst case, death. Conclusions: Therefore, actions need to be taken in the face of polymedication and the promotion of geriatric appropriate prescribing to avoid adverse effects. Keywords: elderly, quality of life, polymedication, inappropriate prescribingÍtem Acceso Abierto Infertilidad como complicación de la endometriosis(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Romero Carangui, Carla Katiusca; Gallegos Vintimilla, Santiago; 0302731187Background: Endometriosis is mainly a disease that causes pelvic pain characterized by presenting endometrial cells externally of the uterine cavity or its annexes and rarely may be in external structures, causing inflammatory processes, anatomical and hormonal alterations that hinder fertility according to the progression of the disease. Objective: To determine the most relevant information about infertility as a complication of endometriosis. Methods: The search was conducted in different reliable databases such as Cochrane, PubMed Medline, Scielo, and Elsevier, among others, in addition to the Google Scholar search, thus managing to find information related to the subject, including articles from the last five years, which help to link these pathologies. Results: The primary relationship in terms of pathophysiology is due to the inflammatory process that causes different cells to produce oxidative stress causing either fibrosis directly in the uterus or, in turn, causing a decrease in the quality of oocytes, even altering the sperm, preventing proper fertilization. It is clear that the fertility level depends on the disease’s stage, thus being directly proportional, and that will depend on whether a spontaneous pregnancy can be generated or assisted reproduction techniques will be used. Conclusions: There is a relationship between endometriosis and infertility due to factors such as anatomy change. The immunological process prevents the correct interaction between gametes and the alteration of ovarian function.Ítem Acceso Abierto Manejo de lesiones multiligamentosas de rodilla por eventos traumáticos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Jiménez Arévalo, César Germán; Capote Llanares, Miguel Ángel; 0302721840Knee injuries are disruptions in the functionality and stability of the knee, often involving ligament damage, such as dislocations, resulting from direct trauma to the joint. These types of injuries are commonly observed in athletes due to the high-impact nature of their activities; however, they are also frequently seen in non-athletes, often due to sudden deceleration events that cause damage and injury to the ligaments. Understanding all the mechanical manifestations of these injuries is crucial, as they can range from dislocations to complete ligament tears, with the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) being the most commonly affected. Objective: To study the surgical management of multi-ligament knee injuries due to traumatic events. Methodology: This systematic review uses a descriptive qualitative approach, in which Open Access files published in digital databases such as PubMed, SciELO, ProQuest, Taylor, and Francis from 2017 to 2022 were taken into account; in addition, the scientific articles were published in Spanish and English. Results: A total of 24 articles were included, which met the respective inclusion and exclusion criteria for the subsequent analysis of managing multi-ligamentous knee injuries. Discussion: It was observed that the ACL is the most affected, in addition to the fact that an adequate surgical technique such as arthroscopy has good benefits when properly treated. Keywords: allograft, arthroscopy, anterior cruciate ligament (LCA), medial collateral ligament, (LCM), lateral collateral ligament (LCL), posterior cruciate ligament., (LCP)Ítem Acceso Abierto Proyecto de titulación con la publicación del artículo científico.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Tamayo Chacha, Samantha Daniela; Urgilés Rivas, Marco; 0106514805Ítem Acceso Abierto Eficacia del trasplante de microbiota fecal como tratamiento en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Zapata Franco, Nadya Lizbeth; Crespo Vintimilla, Edgar Adriano; 0706584828Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents two pathologies of probable autoimmune etiology and chronic evolution, which do not always respond to conventional treatments; these are Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a treatment for inflammatory bowel disease using a systematic review of the existing scientific literature. Method: A descriptive analysis of cases was conducted, and quantitative methods were applied to identify the efficacy of this new therapeutic approach in IBD, focusing on the structural development of the work on the Prisma 2020 Guide. Results: Of the 16 case studies, two studied the efficacy of FMT in CD with the HBI Score scale; the efficacy data exceeded half of the patients, with an average of 58.58%; those nine who were evaluated UC with the Mayo scale, obtained an average of 56.41%, in the case of the five studies that were evaluated with other scales, only 3 of them presented efficacy data below 50%, highlighting that, the adverse effects are minimal or it is usable for clinical practice. Conclusions: After the adequate analysis of the information, it was possible to observe in several studies that the efficacy of FMT is relatively high and has a good prognosis; therefore, it is proposed as an excellent alternative intervention for managing inflammatory bowel disease; however, it is recommended that studies with more significant samples, proper control, and long-term follow-up be performed. Keywords: ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, efficacy, microbiota, transplantation
