Actualización en el tratamiento de la cirrosis hepática. Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Background: Despite advances in research, liver cirrhosis remains a potentially fatal condition, and its incidence is increasing globally due to alcoholism and other problems such as obesity and excessive consumption of medications. General objective: To analyze the patterns in the treatment of liver cirrhosis. Methods: The present systematic review was carried out using a search based on the PRISMA model, obtaining information in the databases Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar; using keywords such as treatment, liver cirrhosis, drugs, and complications. In addition, Boolean operators ―AND, OR and NOT―facilitate the search. Results: A total of 28 scientific articles were analyzed, which 9% of the publications belonged to the Scopus database, 23% to Google Scholar, 54% to PubMed, and 14% to SciELO. Discussion: The treatment of specific complications ―such as hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, portal hypertension, hepatorenal syndrome, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, hepatopulmonary syndrome, acute or chronic liver failure, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis― requires a multidisciplinary approach. Risk factors for the treatment of liver cirrhosis are concomitant diseases such as diabetes, alcohol consumption, obesity, and medications. Liver transplantation remains the definitive treatment for liver cirrhosis and its complications, this procedure is performed after carefully selecting candidates and taking the necessary preoperative measures to ensure optimal results. Keywords: treatment, liver cirrhosis, complications, live