Trabajos de Titulación - Agronomía
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoPropagación “in vitro” del penco bicolor (Agave americana) para la flora urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Sanmartín Yunga, Jessica Paulina; Campos Murillo, Nathalie del Consuelo; 0106744824The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of in-vitro micropropagation techniques of penco bicolor (Agave americana), in which 120 seedlings were used, extracting the auxiliary buds. The explants introduced in vitro were incubated at 18.5°C for 21 days, using 4 replicates. During the rooting stage, 4 treatments were used, using Murashige and Skoog 4.4 g/l culture medium, added with 4 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA) and 3 mg/l kinetin and 12 g/l agar for solidification. The results obtained determined that the best propagation protocol was through the evaluation of explants with shoots per treatment and the number of shoots per explant, obtaining the highest percentages of explants with shoots in treatments 2, 4 and 8 with values of 50%, 10% and 20%, respectively; On the other hand, treatments 10 and 1 showed 100% and 80% incidence of contamination, while treatments 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10 did not show explants with sprouts. In addition, the count of the number of sprouts per explant showed that the treatment with the highest number of sprouts was T2, while treatments T1, T3, T5, T6, T7, T9 and T10 did not show any sprouts. The explants were immersed in 20% tween for 10 min and rinsed. For disinfection, they were placed in 70% alcohol and 20% chlorine for 10 min, rinsed three times in sterile distilled water and then seeded in culture medium. Keywords: hormones, in-vitro, sprouts, fungi, bacteria
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEfecto de enraizadores en esquejes de gañal (oreocallis grandiflora) y quishuar (buddleja incana) bajo cámara húmeda(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Rivera Mayencela, Freddy Fabián; Espinoza Bustamante, Xavier Esteban; 0350064002Deforestatio has caused the decrease of native forests, affecting ecosystems, however, to recover forest áreas, a fundamental alternative is the propagation of native forest species and proceed with reforestation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of rooting cuttings of Gañal (Oreocallis grandiflora) and Quishuar (Buddleja incana) under humid chamber, as a contribution to the production of native forest species and / or ecologically vulnerable. A completely randomized experimental desing was used with eight treatments and five replications, obtaining 40 experimental units, each one formed by 35 cuttingd that were applied the different treatments, which were planted in forest trays containing coconut fiber substrate plus earthworm humus and transferred to the interior of a humid chamber, the statistical data werw analyzed by análisis of variance and the Tukey significance test at 5% using the InfoStat application. Give as results T6 (Quishuar + IBA) and T4 (Quishuar + coconut water) at 28 days. The native forst species, Oreocallis grandifora, did not respond to asexual vegetative propagation, because it is a epecies that generlly develops at temperatures ranging from 7°C to 27°C. Therefore, the humid chamber does not contribute positively to the asexual vegetative propagation of these species. Keyworkds: Deforestation, Native species, Rooting, Asexual vegetative propagation, Humid chamber.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoPropagacion vegetativa de babaco (carica pentagona hilb) mediante tres enraizadores naturales bajo invernadero en la parroquia Guapán del Cantón Azogues(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Rodríguez Sánchez , José Eduardo; Tambo Caraguay , Víctor Raúl; 0302767140The farmers of the Guapán Parish, in their eagerness to expand the market of products they offer to the region, have ventured into the cultivation of babaco under greenhouse with the method of asexual propagation by cuttings; however, they have faced several problems related to low rooting rates such as rotting of cuttings and low productivity of plants during cultivation. For this reason, this research aims to evaluate the effect of three substances of natural origin to promote the rooting of babaco cuttings under greenhouse in the Guapán parish of the Azogues canton, to offer strategies to farmers in the area to successfully root babaco cuttings. To meet the aforementioned, an experiment was conducted in which a 4x3 factorial arrangement was used, i. e., four rooting agents with three repetitions of doses, in which three natural rooting agents (coconut water, willow extract, and bee honey) were used against a commercial control based on ANA to test their influence on plant height, number of shoots, survival of cuttings, root length, volume and number of roots. Among the main results found, it was evident that coconut water was the rooting agent with the best results since it obtained higher percentages compared to the other natural rooting agents and even to the commercial control. Keywords: natural rooting agent, babaco, cultivation, greenhouse, experimentation
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEfecto de aminoácidos obtenidos de residuos de la industria avícola en el desarrollo de maíz (zea mays)(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Pallo Garcia, Jennifer Micaela; Vázquez Vázquez, Jacinto Enrique; 2000103396The mismanagement of poultry industry wastes produces contamination; however, suitable management can generate agricultural products. This research aimed to assess the effect of amino acids obtained from poultry industry waste on the development of corn (Zea mays). To this end, a randomized complete block experimental design with six treatments and four replications was employed, giving a total of 24 experimental units, each one consisting of a pot with 2 kg of the substrate, soil in which 3 corn plants were grown and to which the different treatments were applied: The variables evaluated were: plant height, chlorophyll level, fresh weight and dry weight of the plants. For the statistical analysis, the analysis of variance ANOVA and LSD Fisher test (0.05 %) of the statistical program InfoStat were applied. The foliar application of T2 favorably influenced the corn plants in terms of chlorophyll levels 60 days after planting, the rest of the variables did not show significant statistical differences, however, T1, T3, T4 showed high means with respect to the other treatments. The control showed better values for plant dry weight and root dry weight. Therefore, the foliar application of amino acids obtained from poultry industry residues can positively influence the development of corn plants considering their dosages and environmental factors. Keywords: amino acids, beneficial microorganisms, human meat, cabbage
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoMonitoreo de plagas asociadas al cultivo de manzana en las comunidades de Agüilán y Guapán de la parroquia Guapán del cantón Azogues(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Rodríguez Sánchez , Juan Carlos; Tambo Caraguay , Víctor Raúl; 0302767157The Parishes Guapán and Agüilán are locally known for their production of chemical-free apples; nonetheless, it has been identified that farmers have a generalized lack of knowledge about the identification and adequate control of pests. Thus, this research aims to monitor the pests associated with apple tree crops that are present in these Parishes as a strategy to propose cultural, biological, and mechanical control methods for the proper management of orchard pests. To meet the above, an intervention was conducted in the apple orchards of Guapán and Agüilán to place several Mcphail, Delta, lure and light traps to capture and identify the types of pests present in the crops and to verify or rule out the presence of the fruit fly. Furthermore, a data collection instrument was applied to determine the knowledge of the fruit grower population on pest identification and control methods. Among the main results obtained, it can be mentioned that evidence of the presence of the fruit fly was found in some of the crops and that the apple fruit growers of Agüilán and Guapán are not prepared to face a potential pest threat in their orchards due to the lack of knowledge and concern of the authorities. Keywords: monitoring, crop, crop, pest, apple, trapping
