Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Odontología
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/93
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Eficacia de diferentes activadores de irrigante, en la terapia endodóntica. Revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Santander Ortiz, Jenifer Analia; Coloma Calle, Luis Emilio; 0302386263Endodontic treatment consists of removing the infected pulp tissue to create a three-dimensional seal. An important part of the treatment is endodontic irrigation, which consists of introducing one or more solutions into the pulp chamber and root canals before, during, and after the biomechanical preparation to clean and disinfect the canal system. The irrigant alone cannot completely cover the system; hence, there is a need for an activator that increases the power of the solution and its temperature, enabling it to reach difficult-to-access areas that debridement could not reach. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of activators to enhance the endodontic irrigant and differentiate them based on their bacterial reduction capacity, antibacterial action against Enterococcus faecalis, and temperature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review was conducted by searching scientific articles in databases such as PubMed, Springer Nature Link, and Redalyc, which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Ten articles were obtained from different databases for the respective research, where the efficacy of each irrigant activator was analyzed, resulting in the laser method being more effective in bacterial reduction. CONCLUSIONS: The activators analyzed have correct bacterial effectiveness since all of them eliminate microorganisms from the microflora present; however, the active methods, such as sonic, ultrasonic, and laser, present a higher significance than the conventional method, especially laser and ultrasonic. Keywords: ultrasound, irrigation, sonic, laser, conventional.Ítem Acceso Abierto Causas de la hipomineralización incisivo molar. Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) González Pinos, Valeria Fernanda; Ortega López, Miriam Fernanda; 0107565681Introduction: This study describes the potential possible causes of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH), a qualitative enamel defect. It usually occurs due to alterations in ameloblasts during dental enamel formation, influenced by extrinsic and intrinsic factors that can manifest during prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal stages. Clinically, it is characterized by demarcated opacities on incisors and molars. Objective: To identify the causes of molar incisor hypomineralization. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted from 2019 to 2024, reviewing studies in scientific databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Medline, and Google Scholar. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and articles were selected using Boolean operators (OR, AND, NOT). Results: Twenty-nine articles were selected, showing that various intrinsic and extrinsic factors can cause MIH. Conclusion: The primary conclusion of this study is that MIH is an enamel defect that occurs during enamel formation. Alterations in ameloblasts responsible for enamel formation can arise. These cells are highly susceptible to various factors occurring during prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods. Keywords: Hypomineralization, incisor, molar.Ítem Acceso Abierto Efectos secundarios del peróxido de hidrógeno al 35% como agente que interviene en el aclaramiento dental. Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Condo Once, Cynthia Paola; López Peñafiel, Juan Jóse; 0105891204Introduction: Dental whitening is an aesthetic procedure that removes stains using chemical agents such as hydrogen peroxide. Although safe if performed correctly, it can cause side effects such as sensitivity and irritation. Its application under professional supervision ensures optimal results and the preservation of dental health. Objective: To determine the side effects of hydrogen peroxide at 35% as an agent in dental whitening. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted on the side effects of hydrogen peroxide at 35% in dental whitening. The search included databases such as Web of Science, SciELO, and Redalyc, covering articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese published since 2016. Out of 277,661 articles, 57 were included after applying specific exclusion criteria. Results: The study evaluated the effects of whitening with peroxides, comparing at-home and in-office methods. It analyzed enamel alterations, sensitivity, efficacy, and color stability, emphasizing the need to balance results and safety. Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide at 35% can alter enamel and cause sensitivity, demineralization, and soft tissue irritation, highlighting the importance of controlled use in clinical settings. Dental whitening is more effective for extrinsic and intrinsic stains, with safety depending on the agent, concentration, and professional supervision to balance results and patient well-being. Keywords: Dental whitening, whitening agents, tooth, dental bleaching agents, tooth bleaching.Ítem Acceso Abierto Condición periodontal en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Romero Calle, Tatiana Paulina; Tello Terán, Damián Alfredo; 0302767108Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive neurological disorder primarily characterized by slowness of movement, resting tremors, and rigidity. On the other hand, periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition that destroys the supporting tissues of the teeth, caused by multiple factors, one of which is poor oral hygiene. OBJECTIVE: To determine the periodontal manifestations observed in patients with Parkinson's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bibliographic review was conducted by searching scientific articles in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO. Articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed, and the results were presented in tables. RESULTS: Thirty articles from various databases were selected using different Boolean operators. These articles evaluated the periodontal manifestations in patients with Parkinson's disease, revealing a higher prevalence of periodontitis (60.1%) and gingivitis (19.86%). CONCLUSIONS: The motor impairments associated with Parkinson's disease are often related to periodontal disease, as the condition causes alterations in the patient’s movement, thereby hindering proper oral hygiene. Keywords: Parkinson's disease, periodontal disease, clinical manifestations, gingivitis, periodontitisÍtem Acceso Abierto Efectividad del hipoclorito de sodio en sus diferentes concentraciones y su acción en el conducto radicular. Revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Martínez Piedra, Camila Rosario; Sánchez Ordóñez, María José; 0150637981OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the literature on the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite at different concentrations and its action in the root canal. INTRODUCTION: Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) is the most commonly used irrigant in endodontics, and it is considered the gold standard for root canal irrigants due to its antibacterial properties and tissue-dissolving abilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A documentary study was conducted through a bibliographic review, analyzing 100 articles from scientific databases such as SciELO, Google Scholar, Redalyc, PubMed, Web of Science, and Elsevier. Seventy-five articles were excluded for not meeting the required criteria, leaving 25 articles for review. CONCLUSION: Based on the research reviewed, it was found that the action of sodium hypochlorite at concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5.25% varies. Concentrations between 0.5% and 2% are preferred for their ability to dissolve the dentinal mud within the root canal and are less toxic. In contrast, concentrations ranging from 2.5% to 5.25% are chosen for their ability to dissolve both organic and inorganic tissue and their high antimicrobial effectiveness within the root canal system. Keywords: sodium hypochlorite, root canal irrigation, action.Ítem Acceso Abierto Inteligencia artificial en la detección de caries dental en radiografías periapicales.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Cepeda Mullo, Lizbeth Johana; Morocho Macas, Ángel Aurelio; 0650222177Artificial intelligence (AI) has been advancing in dentistry, especially when detecting dental caries. Currently, a series of studies have indicated that AI models, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNN), are ahead of dental professionals. This work aims to determine the differences in the detection of dental caries by analyzing periapical radiographs between traditional methods and artificial intelligence in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. This study was conducted through a systematic literature review with scientific databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and IEEE Xplore. The results indicate that convolutional neural networks can significantly improve caries detection. However, there is a need for further research to establish whether it is the definitive tool for caries diagnosis. In conclusion, while artificial intelligence represents remarkable progress in dentistry, its widespread implementation requires addressing impediments, such as performance variability depending on the data type and images. Nevertheless, its ability to improve diagnostic accuracy and its relevance to clinical practice makes it a promising tool for advancing dental radiographic diagnosis. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Dental caries, Periapical radiographsÍtem Acceso Abierto Nivel de ansiedad de acuerdo a la escala de corah modificada en los pacientes que asisten a la consulta odontológica en la Universidad Católica de Cuenca sede Azogues periodo 2024-2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Verdy Cevallos, Melissa Celeste; Vallejo Aguirre , Rodrigo Fernando; 0704739671OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the anxiety level in adult patients attending dental consultations at the Catholic University of Cuenca, Azogues Campus, using the Modified Corah Scale from March to August 2024. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive, observational, and retrospective cross-sectional study in which 200 surveys were conducted among patients attending the university clinic from the fifth to tenth academic cycle, assessed with the Modified Corah Scale. RESULTS: According to the survey results, most patients experienced moderate anxiety (66 patients) or high anxiety (63 patients). A significant group presented extreme anxiety or phobia (41 patients), indicating intense fear or aversion to dental treatments. Only 30 patients reported mild or no anxiety. CONCLUSION: According to the Modified Corah Dental Anxiety Scale, the prevailing level of anxiety is moderate, indicating that more than half of the patients experience a considerable level of apprehension toward dental consultations. Understanding each patient’s anxiety level is crucial as it can improve care quality and facilitate the performance of various treatments. Keywords: dental anxiety, dental care, modified Corah scaleÍtem Acceso Abierto Consecuencias en cavidad bucal producto de la radioterapia en el cáncer de cabeza y cuello. Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Matute Orellana, Daniela Paulina; Tintín Rea , José Fernando; 0107765497Radiotherapy is one of the primary treatments for head and neck cancer, but it results in various complications within the oral cavity. This article aims to describe the oral cavity consequences that occur in the oral cavity when a patient undergoes radiotherapy in a specific head or neck region. The research was conducted as a literature review using scientific databases Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Results indicate that the predominant complications caused by radiotherapy are mucositis, xerostomia, osteoradionecrosis, radiation-induced dental caries, and taste alterations. These issues are intrinsically related to the administered radiation dose and the specific anatomical region irradiated, negatively impacting patients’ quality of life. Preventive interventions, including fluoride application and laser therapy, are essential to mitigate these adverse effects. The study concluded that radiotherapy in individuals diagnosed with head and neck cancer produces significant adverse effects in the oral cavity. Therefore, preventive and therapeutic dental treatment are vital for alleviating complications and improving quality of life, making a multidisciplinary approach necessary for effectively managing these sequelae. Keywords: consequences, complications, oral cavity, radiotherapy, head and neck cancerÍtem Acceso Abierto Trastornos musculoesqueléticos y síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca sede Azogues durante Marzo-Agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Digna Maritza Pichasaca Mayancela; Jennifer Carolina Duchitanga Caymayo; Miriam Fernanda Ortega López; Angel Aurelio Morocho Macas; 0302990239; 0107195349Dentistry students are exposed to improper postures, leading to musculoskeletal injuries that can result in loss of stability and body balance. These issues are exacerbated by prolonged postures, excessive force, repetitive movements, and an inadequate working environment. Additionally, both students and professionals in the dental field face challenges to their mental health due to the stress and demands of their work, which can lead to the development of Burnout Syndrome (BOS). Objective: To identify the musculoskeletal disorders and BOS associated with clinical practice in the dentistry students Program at the Catholic University of Cuenca, Campus Azogues, from March to August 2024. Methods: This observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study involved the administration of the Nordic Kuorinka and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaires to 198 students, following informed consent and data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics v.27. Results: There was a prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the lumbar, dorsal, neck, and wrist regions. Regarding BOS participants demonstrated low levels of depersonalization, personal accomplishment, and emotional exhaustion. Conclusions: This study confirms a significant prevalence of BOS and musculoskeletal disorders among dentistry students at the Catholic University of Cuenca Campus Azogues. Keywords: musculoskeletal system; musculoskeletal development; musculoskeletal pain; psychological wear; burnout syndromeÍtem Acceso Abierto Guía de atención odontológica para la prevención primaria en odontopediatría. Revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Bravo Bermeo, Jennifer Estefanía; Abad Freire, Viviana Daniela; 0302983960Dental caries is a common chronic disease in childhood, often associated with poor oral hygiene. Pediatric dentistry plays a vital role in primary prevention, promoting good hygiene habits from an early age. This study aims to develop a dental care guide based on scientific evidence for primary prevention in pediatric dentistry at the UCACUE Clinic. To this effect, a systematic re- view of the scientific literature was conducted on preventive methods, such as fluoride use, dental sealants, and regular dental visits. International and national guidelines were also analyzed and compared with the clinic's protocols. Interviews with pediatric dentists were also performed to identify common practices and areas for improvement. The goal is to create a structured guide that reduces the incidence of caries in children aged 0 to 12, thereby improving children's oral health and the quality of life of pediatric patients. Implementing this guide will contribute to public health by promoting healthy habits from childhood in the community served by the clinic. Keywords: Pediatric Dentistry - Primary Prevention - Oral HealthÍtem Acceso Abierto Manejo de conducta en pacientes pediátricos utilizando inteligencia artificial(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Latacela Lojano, Italo Santiago; Vázquez Parra, Ligia Abigail; Ortega López, Mirian Fernanda; 0302299649; 0150045417This review aims to objectively and impartially investigate and evaluate how AI is integrated into behavioral management in pediatric dentistry, comparing it with traditional techniques. Materials and Methods: Following the PRISMA methodology, searches were conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, and Web of Science. Studies in English and Spanish from 2019 to 2024 were included. The selected references were reviewed to identify additional studies meeting the inclusion criteria. MESH terms, Decs, and free terms were used, along with Boolean operators OR, AND, and NOT. Results: Various authors report that AI is frequently used in pediatric dentistry for precise diagnoses and to assist clinicians, dentists, and pediatric dentists in clinical decision-making and behavior conditioning to improve cooperation during treatment. Conclusion: Artificial intelligence is a suitable tool for managing the behavior of pediatric dental patients, though it has not been fully researched yet. New technologies, such as educational chatbots, virtual reality, augmented reality, and image analysis, help pediatric patients feel more secure and cooperate better during dental visits. These technologies also improve individualized diagnostics and treatments, providing better dental care that is less invasive and stressful. Keywords: artificial intelligence, pediatric dentistry, behavior, deep learning, neural intelligenceÍtem Acceso Abierto Tasa de éxito de autotrasplante dental vs implante dental. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Luna Fernández, Bryan Ismael; Guapisaca Pauta, José Adrián; Aguilar Maldonado, José David; 0350016366; 0107786055Ítem Acceso Abierto Autotrasplante dental mediante la incorporación de la impresión tridimensional. Revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Mendoza Mendoza, Cinthya Jamileth; Enríquez Beltrán, Ricardo Agustín; Aguilar Maldonado, José David; 01076644056; 0105587034; Aguilar MaldonadoDental autotransplantation is an advanced technique that offers a solution for patients with tooth loss resulting from trauma, extensive carious lesions, congenital malformations, or other causes that affect the aesthetics and functionality of the oral cavity. Therefore, it is presented as a conservative alternative, although its clinical application can be challenging. This technique has gained international recognition for its ability to restore masticatory function and aesthetics in specific cases. Detailed planning is essential for the procedure's success, including evaluating the viability of the donor tooth and the recipient site and using advanced technologies such as 3D printing to create precise surgical guides. This research aimed to report a case of dental autotransplantation in a 15-year-old female patient with agenesis of tooth 1.5. The retained dental organ 2.5 was used as the donor with the assistance of a 3D-printed model. After a 5-month follow-up, the tooth remained functional, revascularized, and with pulp vitality, indicating proper progression for this treatment. Keywords: autotransplantation, autologous transplant, autograft, dental reimplantation, three-dimensional printingÍtem Acceso Abierto Abordaje odontológico integral atraumático en paciente pediátrico en los centros de especialidades odontológicas de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca-campus Azogues. Reporte de caso.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Urbano Gómez, Marcela Karolina; Abad Freire, Viviana Daniela; 0106538705This clinical case addresses a 6-year-old pediatric patient diagnosed with multiple carious lesions in primary teeth. The patient exhibited negative behavior towards treatment, which led to the use of minimally invasive (MI) techniques such as the Atraumatic Restorative Technique (ART), the Hall Technique with preformed stainless steel crowns, and resin restorations with preformed celluloid crowns. These techniques not only reduced chair time but also improved the patient's clinical experience by minimizing the use of general anesthesia and invasive procedures. The treatment focused on restoring the patient's oral health using high-viscosity glass ionomer as the restorative material known for its fluoride release and protective properties for teeth. Silver diamine fluoride (a cariostatic agent) was also applied to halt the progression of active caries. The results were highly satisfactory, restoring the affected teeth' physical, aesthetic, and functional properties, thereby improv-ing the patient's quality of life and oral health. In this case, MI techniques demonstrated high effectiveness, reducing stress for both the patient and the clinical staff. Keywords: Minimally invasive, ART, pediatric dentistry, fluoridesÍtem Acceso Abierto Autopercepción de docentes de Odontología: exploración de métodos de enseñanza y evaluación en la educación universitaria(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Melo Verdugo, Cristina Alexandra; Lema Remache, Shirley Pamela; Montesinos Rivera, Vanessa; 0350199394; 0302071188; VanessaBackground: In stomatology, the importance of guiding thinking, learning, and attention processes has been highlighted through strategies and activity systems that foster critical thinking and operations and actions that enable the efficient development of dental activities. Objective: To analyze the relationship between teaching methods and evaluation techniques used in dental program education. Methods: The research employed a qualitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional design. The target population comprised 40 teachers from the Dentistry Program at the Catholic University of Cuenca Campus Azogues. Results: Significant insights were revealed regarding the correlation between pedagogical approaches and evaluation techniques in Dentistry. The strong association among teaching methods, resources, strategies, and learning approaches suggests an internal coherence within teaching methodologies. In conclusion, this research's findings underscore the need to improve the coherence and synchronization between teaching methodologies and evaluation techniques. Promoting this coherence could enhance dental education holistically, benefiting the teachers ' practices and students' learning achievements. Keywords: teaching methods, evaluation techniques, dental education, dentistry, higher educationÍtem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia de la obstrucción de la vía aérea superior en una población pediátrica que acude a la consulta ortodóntica en la Universidad Católica de Cuenca campus Azogues-2024.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Ojeda Ortiz, Cristian Adrián; Lema Lucero, Jonnathan Eduardo; Ordoñez Crespo, Paola Alexandra; 0302941109; 0350093225OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of upper airway obstruction by measuring the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal diameter using McNamara analysis on lateral cephalometric radiographs in a pediatric population attending the Catholic University of Cuenca, Campus Azogues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing 40 lateral cephalometric radiographs using the McNamara analysis. RESULTS: According to the analysis of all radiographs of the upper airway, 75% (30) of the patients presented upper airway obstruction, while only 25% (10) had patent airways. Of these, 72.5% (29) of the patients had nasopharyngeal obstruction, and 27.5% (11) had oropharyngeal obstruction. CONCLUSION: Based on the McNamara analysis, the upper airway obstruction index revealed that most of the 40 analyzed lateral cephalometric radiographs presented some degree of upper airway obstruction. Keywords: upper airway obstruction, McNamara analysis, cephalometry, nasopharynx, oropharynxÍtem Acceso Abierto Estudio in vitrio del efecto antifúngico en prótesis removibles acrílicas colonizadas por cándida albicans de 3 desinfectantes comerciales y 3 plantas medicinales(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Destruge Vanegas, Michael Mateo; Pichazaca Chimborazo, Ezequiel Jonnathan; San Martin Andrade, Daniela Fernanda; 0107108391; 0302694179; Tenecela, MelissaÍtem Acceso Abierto Implicaciones prácticas de la realidad virtual y aumentada en el estudio de la Anatomía e Histología dentaria.Una revisión de alcance.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Calle Álvarez, Jessica Samantha; Calle Arévalo, Heydi Monserrath; Morocho Macas, Angel AurelioÍtem Acceso Abierto Diferentes tipos de estrategias para mejorar la salud bucal en niños con discapacidad visual. Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Chimborazo Romero, María José; Ortega López, Mirian Fernanda; 0107128688Introduction: This study describes the different strategies used to improve oral health in children with visual disabilities, a group often neglected in dental care. It aims to identify and analyze the methodologies and outcomes of interventions designed to enhance oral health in this specific population. Objective: To describe the strategies used to improve oral health in children with visual disabilities. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted from 2019 to 2024, reviewing studies from scientific databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Medline, and Google Scholar. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and articles were selected using Boolean operators OR, AND, and NOT. Results: Twenty-three articles were selected, demonstrating a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal issues in children with visual disabilities. Some interventions, such as education and adapted tools, showed significant improvements in oral health. Conclusion: Despite the development of various educational strategies and intervention techniques, there remains an urgent need for more integrated and specific approaches for this group. Personalized educational programs and further research are recommended to develop more effective and accessible interventions, thus improving these children's oral quality of life. Keywords: Dental caries, visual disability, educational interventions, children, oral healthÍtem Acceso Abierto Precisión de las impresiones digitales utilizando tecnología TRIOS vs impresión analógica con siliconas de adición en Rehabilitación bucal. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Castillo Eras, Kevin Andrés; Vergara Sarmiento , Paúl Fernando; 0302597521The success of rehabilitative treatment depends on a fundamental process, impressions, which, with technological advancements, aim to replace conventional methods. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of digital impressions using TRIOS (intraoral scanner brand) technology with analog impressions using additional silicones in oral rehabilitation. The research followed the PRISMA methodology and the PICO strategy, selecting recent articles published between 2019 and 2024 in Scopus, PubMed, and Redalyc databases. The results reveal that digital impressions with TRIOS offer superior accuracy, with an average of 30 µm, compared to analog impressions, with an average of 47.67 µm. This difference suggests that digital technology provides greater precision, reducing the risk of clinical complications; however, it entails high investment costs and a prolonged learning curve. The review concludes that both techniques have effective clinical applications, but digital impressions may offer better results in cases that require greater accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, digital impression, conventional impression, oral rehabilitation
