Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Odontología
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/93
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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de titulación embargado para publicación. Estara disponible a la fecha de publicacion o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-11-12) Cabrera Verdugo, Katherine Gabriela; González González, Mariela Belén; Eduarte Ortega , Jacobo Emanuel; 0302703285; 0302803937Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal en adolescentes deportistas federados en el cantón Azogues, provincia del Cañar-2025.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Arcentales Padilla, Nayeli Milena; Sacaquirín Zhunio, Pablo César; 0303013759ABSTRACT: Periodontal diseases are inflammatory conditions that cause destruction of dental support tissues; however, studies in athletic populations remain scarce. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescent athletes aged 14–17 years using the Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) index. Method: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted. Clinical variables were classified according to PSR codes (0 to 4, * and X). The analysis included statistical data, such as contingency tables, to establish relationships with periodontal disease. Statistical significance was determined using the chi-square test (χ²), considering a reliability level of p < 0.05. Results: A significant association was found between gender and the disease, with men being more affected (85.2%) compared to women (63.5%). The overall prevalence of periodontal disease was high (77.2%) among adolescent athletes. Competitive stress, systemic conditions, and poor oral hygiene habits could explain these trends. Fifteen-year-old adolescents showed the highest prevalence (89.5%). Regarding disease type, gingivitis predominated (71.3%), while 5.8% had periodontitis. Conclusion: The prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescent athletes was high, with gingivitis being the predominant condition and having a higher impact on males. Age and type of sport were not determining factors, although high-intensity disciplines showed a greater influence. Keywords: periodontal disease; adolescent; sports discipline; prevalence; oral healthItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Rehabilitación oral integral en paciente adulto mediante el uso de ataches en prótesis parcial removible: Reporte de caso.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Castro Navarrete, Luis Alberto; Ocaña Andrade, Carlos Alexander; Vergara Sarmiento, Paul; 0750505075; 0605160290Objective: To document the clinical process of integral oral rehabilitation using of extracoronal zirconia attachments in removable partial dentures, constituting a valid therapeutic alternative to more complex and invasive rehabilitation procedures such as implant-supported restorations. Materials and Methods: This case report describes a 60-year-old male patient with partial maxillary and mandibular edentulism, previously treated with a large upper fixed prosthesis without a lower prosthesis, accompanied by anterior mandibular crowding. The patient was rehabilitated using extracoronal zirconia attachments that allowed connecting the fixed prosthesis to the removable one. The process included clinical evaluation, endodontic treatment, build-up of the abutment teeth, fabrication of crowns and veneers, and finally, removable partial dentures. Results: Extracoronal zirconia attachments are a valid treatment option for patients who cannot opt for implants and are seeking a more comfortable and aesthetic alternative than a conventional removable partial denture. Conclusions: Extracoronal attachments provide a solution for the rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients, combining aesthetics, functionality, and comfort. Their design distributes occlusal loads evenly, enhancing patient comfort. The use of zirconium offers aesthetic advantages over ceramic-metal; however, further comparative studies are recommended to evaluate their long-term effectiveness. Keywords: extracoronal attachments, zirconia, removable partial denture.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Alvarez Molina, Naomi Habzana; Vasquez Espinoza, Andrea Daniela; Abad Freire, Viviana Daniela; 1725399659; 0302335476Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Comparación de la resistencia a la fractura de restauraciones directas reforzadas con fibra de polietileno vs fibra de vidrio en dientes endodonciados. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-31) Barba Rea, Byron Vinicio; Vergara Sarmiento, Paul Fernando; 0301999132Introduction: The restoration of endodontically treated teeth requires optimizing their fracture resistance, and glass and polyethylene fibers represent viable direct reinforcement alternatives. However, comparative evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. Objective: To compare the fracture resistance of direct restorations reinforced with glass fiber versus polyethylene fiber in endodontically treated teeth. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020. Studies were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, complemented by a manual search using MeSH descriptors and keywords related to endodontically treated teeth, fracture resistance, and fiber reinforcement. In vitro and clinical studies that evaluated direct restorations reinforced with both fibers were included. Results: Of 380 records, 10 studies were included; only two directly compared polyethylene fiber and glass fiber, showing minimal and non-significant differences. However, polyethylene showed a tendency to favor more reparable fractures, which could have important clinical implications for the preservation of dental structure. Conclusions: Both materials increase fracture resistance, although the scientific literature remains fragmented, underscoring the need for standardized clinical trials to consolidate evidence-based restorative recommendations. Keywords: endodontically treated teeth, fracture resistance, fiber reinforcement, polyethylene fiber, direct composite restoration.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de titulación embargado para publicación. Estara disponible a la fecha de publicacion o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-31) Medina González , Evelyn Nicole; Peralta Lata , Erika Janneth; Urgiles Urgiles, Cristian Danilo; 0105958300; 0302800867Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Predictibilidad de la cirugía mucogingival con la técnica de injerto dérmico. Reporte de caso.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-31) Tenesaca Guamán, Boris Alexander; Lituma Ortega, David de Ferrer; Sacaquirin Zhunio, Pablo César; 0150341790; 0302538665INTRODUCTION: Mucogingival surgery aims to correct anatomical periodontal defects in the oral mucosa, restoring gingival health. It is indicated in cases of multifactorial root recession. OBJECTIVE: To report on the clinical success rate of mucogingival surgery using the dermal graft technique in a patient with gingival recession, by analyzing clinical, aesthetic, and functional parameters in a case report. CASE PRESENTATION: A female 58 years old patient, ASA II, presents with sensitivity and root exposure in the anterior inferior region. Partial edentulism (Kennedy class II) and gingival recession RT1 (without loss of interproximal attachment; vestibular root exposure) and RT2 (with interproximal loss less than or equal to vestibular) in teeth 3.1 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 3.4 - 3.5 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3, thin periodontal biotype, plaque-induced gingivitis in reduced periodontium. Surgical phase: using the coronal displacement technique with dermal graft, the anterior inferior sector from O.D. 3.3 to O.D. 4.3 was covered and sutured with 4.0 Vicryl thread using the suspension stitch technique. CONCLUSION: At 12 months, a mean root coverage of 62.2% was achieved, with no recurrences between 6 and 12 months and a mean total clinical attachment gain of 2.17 mm. Clinical success was considered acceptable for coverage ≥ 50%, with 5 of 6 sites (83.3%) meeting this criterion; under a strict criterion of complete coverage, 1 of 6 sites (16.7%) met it. Keywords: Gingival recession, mucogingival surgery, root coverage, acellular dermal graftItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de titulación embargado para publicación. Estara disponible a la fecha de publicacion o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-31) Bonete Arévalo, Paola Fernanda; Zapata Quimi, Godwin Agassy; Morocho Macas., Ángel Aurelio; 0303155006; 0705626620Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Uso de la magnetoterapia como una alternativa en el tratamiento de disfunción en la articulación temporomandibular.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-30) Caso Valencia, Maleny Alexandra; González Peñas , Doménica Cecilia; Ordónez Crespo , Paola Alexandra; 0350033593; 1400676282Introduction: Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) is a common musculoskeletal disorder with multifactorial etiology that causes orofacial pain and functional limitations. In recent years, magnetotherapy has been considered a non-invasive alternative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects. Objective: To analyze the available scientific evidence on magnetotherapy as a therapeutic alternative for temporomandibular joint dysfunction, identifying its clinical efficacy, comparison with other non-invasive treatments, and main research limitations. Methodology: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO were consulted, including studies published between 2014 and 2025 in English and Spanish. Systematic reviews, clinical trials, and experimental studies evaluating magnetotherapy in TMD were included. Results: Twenty studies were included. Most reported significant reduction in pain, improvements in mandibular opening, and positive effects on tissue regeneration. Magnetotherapy showed better results when combined with physical therapy or other conservative modalities. However, some studies showed no differences compared to placebo, and methodological limitations were identified. Conclusions: Magnetotherapy is a promising, safe, non-invasive alternative for the treatment of TMD, especially when used in multimodal protocols. Despite the clinical benefits observed, there remain gaps in knowledge regarding parameter standardization, patient subtyping, and the need for clinical trials with greater methodological rigor. Keywords: temporomandibular joint dysfunction, magnetotherapy, pulsed electromagnetic fields, orofacial pain, physical therapyItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Prevalencia de la pérdida del primer molar permanente en adultos según el factor socioeconómico del cantón Biblián - Ecuador 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-30) Hidalgo Mora, Génesis Ariana; Muñoz García, María José; San Martín Andrade, Daniela Fernanda; González Andrade, Fernanda Nathaly; 0705251601; 0105554398Objective: To establish the prevalence of first permanent molar loss in adults and its relationship with socioeconomic status in the canton of Biblián. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on sixty-nine adult residents of the canton of Biblián, with a total of 276 first molars examined. Data collection was performed using modified and unmodified socioeconomic surveys. Oral health forms were also used, incorporating open-ended, closed-ended, and mixed questions. Results: It was observed that the most affected teeth were the lower left first permanent molar (3.6) in women and the upper left first permanent molar (2.6) in men, with dental caries being the main cause of tooth loss. Regarding sex, a higher prevalence was observed in women: of the 198 examined teeth, 145 were missing due to dental caries and other causes, whereas in men, of the 78 examined teeth, 53 were missing. At the population level, out of a total of 276 first molars, 58.70% were missing, and 42.40% remained healthy. Finally, the lower-middle socioeconomic stratum was the most affected, with 31.88% of participants, highlighting the economic constraints associated with tooth loss. Conclusions: A high prevalence of first permanent molar loss was observed among adults in the canton of Biblián, with dental caries being the main cause. The lower-middle socioeconomic group was the most affected, reflecting the influence of social and economic factors on oral health. Keywords: adult, tooth loss, first molar, permanent dentition.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de titulación embargado para publicación. Estara disponible a la fecha de publicacion o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-30) Ordoñez Garrido, Cristopher Alexander; Leal Guerrero, Lesslie Micaela; González Andrade, Fernanda Nataly; San Martin Andrade, Daniela Fernanda; 010546222; 0302364062Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de titulación embargado para publicación. Estara disponible a la fecha de publicacion o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-28) Ruiz Castillo, Merwin David; Tintín Rea, José Fernando; 0604950907Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Prevalencia de recesiones gingivales en adolescentes deportistas de 14-17 años en Azogues, 2025. Un estudio descriptivo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-28) Sanango Arcos, Joselyn Alexandra; Tello Terán, Damián Alfredo; Tintín Rea, José Fernando; 0350119020Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de titulación embargado para publicación. Estara disponible a la fecha de publicacion o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-28) Briones Mosquera, Brithany Melania; Montesinos Rivera, Mayra Vanessa; Domínguez Crespo, Cristina Soledad; 2350036287Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Índice de higiene oral simplificado según el nivel socioeconómico en el cantón cañar 2024 de nivel medio bajo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-28) Maldonado Olave, Angie Ayli; Bravo Espinoza, Jhon Mario; Sacaquirin Zhunio, Pablo César; 0750290264; 0940867385Background: Several studies in Ecuador highlight the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) in children and adolescents, showing variations according to age and environment. Quinzo et al. (2024) reported an average OHI-S of 0.93 in 300 schoolchildren (6-13 years old) in Riobamba. Villavicencio (2016), in Cuenca, found an average of 0.73 in 12-year-old schoolchildren, with better results observed in boys. Amaris (2019), in Quito, found that only 21% of children (5-8 years old) achieved an OHI-S ≤1, which was related to high sugar consumption. Studies conducted in Cuenca reported better indeces: Vega-Ojeda (2016) found that 65% had good OHI-S values, and Mora Bravo et al. (2020) reported 90% in Chiquintad. Objective: To analyze the level of oral hygiene using the OHI-S and its relationship with the socioeconomic factor in Cañar Canton. Methods: A quantitative approach with a descriptive and cross-sectional design was used. A sample of 2,127 adults was randomly selected, and socioeconomic and oral health conditions were evaluated. The analysis included frequency tables and statistical tests using IBM SPSS v.27, following ethical principles. Results: The average OHI-S obtained was 0.56, corresponding to a “GOOD” rating. Dental plaque was present on 64.13% of the evaluated tooth surfaces (index 0.64), while calculus was observed in 48.47% (index 0.48), both indicators being classified favorably. Most of the population (77%) belonged to the lower-middle (C-) and middle (C+), socioeconomic levels, with lower representation in the high and low levels. It was observed that OHI-S deteriorated with age: children and adolescents showed better oral hygiene, while young adults, adults, and older adults presented greater accumulation of plaque and calculus. Keywords: Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, oral hygiene, dental plaque, dental calculus, socioeconomic levelItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Índice periodontal comunitario en adultos del cantón Cañar según el nivel de educación.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-24) Zambrano Piña, Jamilet Alexandra; Sacoto Campoverde, Naidelyn Fernanda; Tello Terán, Damian Alfredo; 0302650593; 0302541982The oral cavity is composed of structures that protect the teeth, which can be affected by various factors. Periodontal disease is an oral health problem in adults due to its increasing prevalence and the rise in tooth loss. Objective: To determine the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) in adults in the canton of Cañar according to their educational level. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted with a sample of 327 patients, where a socioeconomic survey and oral health record were applied, and examinations were carried out using a WHO periodontal probe to collect data that was validated by Cronbach’s alpha. The community periodontal index contains codes to evaluate each patient’s dental units. Results: The prevalence of CPI in adults in the canton of Cañar was 44%; the association with gender showed that there is a 40% disease in men with gingival hemorrhage, calculus, and bags, whereas 68% of women showed periodontal health; the relationship between CPI and educational level is low; adults in the age range of 35–64 years showed a higher prevalence of periodontal disease compared with those aged 18–31 years. Conclusion: The association between CPI and educational level is significant (p = 0.00019), identifying that the majority of the population (53.94%) had primary education, indicating that education is considered important for oral health care. Keywords: community periodontal index, periodontal health, periodontal disease, adults, educational levelItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Efecto antifúngico del extracto de menta al 100% vs hipoclorito de sodio al 5 % contra cándida albicans en prótesis de acrílico. Estudio In vitro.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-23) Crespo Palacios, Daniela Salomé; San Martin Andrade, Daniela Fernanda; 0350131082Background: In dentistry, removable acrylic prostheses are a fundamental therapeutic option. However, their porous surface facilitates colonization by Candida albicans, the primary agent associated with denture-related stomatitis. Sodium hypochlorite is one of the most commonly used disinfectants due to its antimicrobial capacity, at concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5%. Nevertheless, its constant use has the potential to harm the mechanical and aesthetic properties of acrylic resin. In this context, plant extracts, such as Mentha piperita extract, have demonstrated antifungal properties owing to components like flavonoids and menthol, positioning them as viable and biocompatible alternatives compared to traditional chemical disinfectants. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal effect of 100% peppermint extract versus 5% sodium hypochlorite against Candida albicans on acrylic dental prostheses in an in vitro study. Methodology: This experimental in vitro analysis was conducted using 30 pieces of heat-cured acrylic resin, each measuring 15 mm in length of Health and Wellness at the Azogues campus of the Catholic University of Cuenca. Results: One hundred percent (100%) mint extract and 5% sodium hypochlorite completely inhibit and eradicate Candida albicans after 15 minutes of exposure. Keywords: sodium hypochlorite, Candida albicans, antifungal, peppermint, in vitroItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Efectos adversos de los anestésicos locales con vasoconstricción en pacientes hipertensos.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-22) Esparza Piña, Kevin Alejandro; Flores Barrera, Anthony Javier; Aguilar Maldonado, Jose David; 1450087547; 0350308300Vasoconstrictor local anesthetics are widely used in dentistry, especially in surgical procedures, due to their ability to prolong anesthesia, reduce bleeding, and decrease systemic toxicity. However, their use in hypertensive patients is a cause for concern, as this condition is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions. The use of vasoconstrictors, such as epinephrine or felypressin, may cause hemodynamic alterations; therefore, it is essential to evaluate their safety in this population. Objective: To evaluate the adverse effects of local anesthetics with vasoconstriction in hypertensive patients. Methodology: A literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines by searching scientific databases. Clinical, observational, and controlled trials that evaluated hemodynamic parameters in hypertensive patients during dental procedures were included. Results: In seven studies analyzed, controlled hypertensive patients who received anesthetics such as lidocaine, articaine, prilocaine, or mepivacaine with vasoconstrictor had no clinically significant hemodynamic variations; and no relevant adverse effects were reported. Discussion: The available evidence suggests that the use of local anesthetics with vasoconstrictors is safe in controlled hypertensive patients, provided the recommended doses are respected and constant monitoring is performed. Conclusion: Local anesthetics with vasoconstrictors do not produce clinically significant adverse effects in controlled hypertensive patients, showing minimal variations in blood pressure. However, these results should not be extrapolated to uncontrolled patients, for whom the risk may be higher. Keywords: local anesthetics, vasoconstrictor, hypertensive patients.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Relación entre la edad cronológica y la calcificación dental del tercer molar inferior mediante el método de Demirjian, en radiografías panorámicas, Azogues 2018-2023.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-21) Torres Ocampo, Brayan Alexander; Domínguez Quinteros , Darío Andrés; 1150213039The estimation of chronological age through analysis of the third molar constitutes a reliable and relevant method in forensic dentistry and legal medicine. The Demirjian method is widely used to assess dental maturation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between chronological age and dental calcification of the left and right third molars using the Demirjian method on panoramic radiographs. METHODS: Field research with a quantitative approach and a retrospective descriptive design was conducted. A total of 868 digital panoramic radiographs were analyzed to assess the maturation of teeth 3.8 and 4.8; the sample included 408 males and 460 females, aged 7 to 24 years. Sampling was purposive, selecting radiographs that included both lower molars. Analysis was performed in JASP v0.95.0.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics: χ² for association by sex, Student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney U test depending on normality, and Spearman’s rank correlations, with p<0.05. RESULTS: Demirjian stages showed age progression: 3.8 from 9.1 ± 1.0 (A) to 21.8 ± 1.6 (H) and 4.8 from 9.5 ± 2.2 to 21.8 ± 1.6, with concentration in stage G (mean 20 years). The correlation between 3.8 and 4.8 was very high (rs = 0.953). Significant sex differences were identified in stages C, G, and H (both teeth) and stage A (3.8), with a female predominance. Between stages A–C, subjects averaged 12 years; D–E averaged 18 years; and F–H were adults older than 18. The probability of being < 18 years in stages A–C ranged from 100% to 99.18%. Conversely, in advanced stages G and H, the probability of being ≥ 18 years was 94.56% (3.8) and 94.54% (4.8). CONCLUSIONS: Mineralization of the lower third molars evaluated using the Demirjian method allows reliable estimation of the majority age. Advanced stages increase the probability of being ≥ 18 years. The bilateral correlation confirms the consistency of dental development and supports its forensic application. Keywords: chronological age, third molar, Demirjian.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de titulación embargado para publicación. Estara disponible a la fecha de publicacion o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-20) Matute Ponce, Jeremy Sebastián; Siguenza Lliguizaca, Wilson Andrés; San Martín Andrade, Daniela Fernanda; 0302473400; 0107318867
