Trabajos de Titulación - Medicina Veterinaria
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/53
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Efecto de la fitoestrógenos de la alfalfa en la espermatogénesis de los cobayos machos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Cajamarca Ortega, Josue Ismael; Bravo Alvarez , María Ximena; 0302568365In this research, alfalfa phytoestrogens in the pre-flowering stage are examined because they affect spermatogenesis and the hormonal profiles of male guinea pigs. It aims to evaluate phytoestrogen through diet. Three experimental groups were created. The first group was fed with alfalfa in pre-flowering, the second group was fed with free balanced alfalfa, and the third was fed with a combination of the diets. In consequence, the levels of testosterone and estradiol were measured. Therefore, the diameter of the seminiferous tubules, Leydig cells, spermatogonia germ cells, spermatocytes, and spermatids for the guinea pigs that received alfalfa experienced a decrease in germ cell production and significant hormonal variability, especially in estradiol levels. The findings suggest that phytoestrogens can negatively affect the level of testosterone over a certain period. However, no significant differences were found in testosterone levels, with phytoestrogens being part of a balanced diet of essential proteins that provide ideal nutrients for reproduction, growth, and tissue development. In the same way as the plant diet, phytochemicals prevent damage to cells from diseases to systems such as the cardiovascular or nervous system; therefore, a balanced diet of nutrients is ideal. In this sense, food improvement is important for the breeding of guinea pigs by determining the source of phytoestrogens, affecting on the physiognomy, and achieving a positive effect on nutrition and reproduction.Keywords: Phytoestrogens; Alfalfa in pre-flowering; Hormonal profile; Testosterone; Estradiol. Keywords: Phytoestrogens; Alfalfa in pre-flowering; Hormonal profile; Testosterone; Estradiol.Ítem Acceso Abierto Comparación de dos sistemas de producción intensivo de pollos Broilers en ambiente controlado en Naranjito y Cruz de Hueso, Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Cargua Manguia, Alejandro Moises; Cargua Manguia, Alejandro Moises; 0940157522In this research, it was possible to analyze and determine the impact of altitude on the performance of broiler chickens in a controlled environment. A thorough comparison was made in two farms located at different altitudes, the first at 100 meters above sea level (Naranjito); the second was at 500 meters above sea level (Cruz de Hueso). Evaluation parameters such as the effects of temperature, humidity, wind speed, and gas levels (CO2 and NH3) on birth growth and health were established. The data provided in the findings indicate that, although the values are insignificant, the external environmental conditions had a minimal, almost imperceptible, influence of mortality and feed conversion ratio. In particular, lower external temperatures were observed in Avicelenes 2, negatively affecting the birds' energy expenditure and growth rates. According to the mentioned results, it is necessary to highlight the significance of considering altitude to optimize broiler production. Likewise, it is advisable to suggest specific management strategies for farms at different altitudes. Furthermore, it is highly recommended that subsequent studies analyze in detail the cost-benefit of broiler production at different altitudes, as well as the types of management that typically include diet, water, biosecurity, genetics, and infrastructure, all with the sole objective purpose of determining whether or not there are significant differences in prolonged research periods. Keywords Broilers, Houses, Altitude, MicroclimateÍtem Acceso Abierto Determinación microbiológica de "Campilobacter jejuni" en la carne de polo procesada en el centro avícola (AVICAB)-Ricaurte(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Caldas Balarezo, Edgar Leonardo; Campos Murillo, Nathalie del Consuelo; 0105674725In the southern region of Ecuador, there are reports of the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni, which poses a significant risk to the biosecurity of companies. Campylobacter sp. is a Gram-negative bacterium with zoonotic potential that can cause various diseases. This study aimed to determine the presence or absence of Campylobacter jejuni in processed chicken meat at the Ricaurte Poultry Center “AVICAB” by identifying hemolytic bacteria. A total of 50 samples of 25 grams each were collected from the carcass (the body of the bird) and the cecum (appendices of the large intestine). These samples were inoculated onto enriched culture media and refrigerated for 8 and 48 hours, with 25 samples for each period, totaling 100 inoculations. The results showed no statistical variation (p≥0.05) in the formation of bacterial colonies between the carcass and cecum of chickens. In terms of time, it was observed that at 8 hours, there was a lower presence of bacterial colonies compared to 48 hours, with statistical differences (p≤0.001). The MALDI-TOF results identified bacterial contamination from Escherichia coli, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Enterobacter asburiae in the cecum and carcass of chickens at a ratio of 2:2; however, Campylobacter jejuni could not be identified in any of the samples (0%). This data generated a useful baseline for establishing subsequent bacterial presence within the company, and it is recommended that the established actions for the company’s process guidelines be implemented as a preventive measure against Campylobacter jejuni and for general bacterial control. Keywords: Campylobacter, E. coli, S. maltophilia, E. asburiae, MALDI-TOF.Ítem Embargo Comparación cualitativa en queso semi-maduro elaborado con bacterias termófilas y mesófilas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Vásquez Vásquez, Carlos Francisco; Iñiguez Heredia, Franklin Alfredo; 0350124202This study aims to compare two bacterial strains for producing semi-ripe cheese using thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria for this study. These bacteria play a crucial role in the lactic fermentation process of cheese, offering the possibility of obtaining significant changes in its sensory properties, including flavor, texture, aroma, and nutritional composition. The research was conducted through the elaboration of cheeses by using pasteurized milk coagulated with enzymatic liquid rennet. These cheeses were subjected to a controlled maturation period of around 30 days. During the laboratory experimental phase, samples of each cheese were taken weekly for five weeks. These samples were subjected to a serial dilution of 10 to minus 7 to obtain manageable concentrations for analysis. During the first week of sampling, 12 cheese samples were obtained, and three lots were selected for grouping and subsequently composed into a combined sample. From this combined sample, 10 grams were taken to prepare a stock solution necessary for subsequent analyses. This solution was grown on nutrient agar to determine the Colony Forming Units (CFU). Various culture media were also used to detect pathogenic bacteria in cheese, including MacConkey, blood agar, MRS (for lactobacilli), and Salmonella-Shigella. The results provided vital information on the microbiological and sensory quality of the final product, highlighting the notable differences between the use of thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria in its production. Keywords. Semi-ripe cheese, thermophilic bacteria, mesophilic bacteria, Colony Forming Units.Ítem Embargo Efecto de la concentración de la coenzima Q10 en la refrigeración de semen ovino(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Cruz Paredes, Sonia Viviana; Moscoso Piedra, Andrés Leonardo; 1207504711The sperm cryopreservation process faces considerable challenges, especially regarding the integrity of the plasma membrane, which becomes more fragile with refrigeration and freezing, affecting both the morphology and function of the sperm. In this study, the effect of various concentrations of Coenzyme Q10 (0.2 mM, 0.4 mM, 0.6 Mm, and 0.8 mM) on the quality of sperm from sheep of the Katahdin, Dorper, and Pelibuey breeds after different periods of refrigerated storage (0 h, 24 h, and 48 h) was investigated. The research conducted at the Catholic University of Cuenca for five months used techniques such as sperm motility analysis, vitality tests, and evaluation of mitochondrial activity using Rhodamine 123 and Propidium Iodide. The results indicated that different concentrations of Coenzyme Q10 had a significant impact on sperm quality. The 0.8 mM concentration showed the best results regarding motility, vitality, and mitochondrial activity, while lower concentrations showed a decrease in these parameters compared to the control group. Furthermore, it was observed that this coenzyme reduced the formation of crystals during refrigeration, improving sperm quality, especially at 0.6 mM and 0.8 mM. Katahdin rams exhibited superior initial sperm quality, which benefited from subsequent extractions. Keywords: Coenzyme Q10, Refrigeration, Sperm Quality.Ítem Acceso Abierto Estado nutricional segun referencias OMS 2007 y local en escolares de la provincia de Morona Santiago, Ecuador - 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Esparza Solis, Bryam Dario; Mesa Cano, Isabel Cristina; 0105593008Nutritional assessment is an essential process for identifying malnutrition, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children. During growthand development, children are at a higher risk of experiencing various forms of malnutrition, whether due to deficiencies (undernutrition) or excesses (overweight and obesity). To analyze the level of concordance in nutritional status according to WHO 2007 standards and local references for schoolchildren in the province of Morona Santiago, Ecuador 2024. An observational, retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample was obtained from a public database provided by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), comprising a population of 11,566 schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years (5,896 boys and 5,670 girls). To evaluate and compare nutritional status according to national references and WHO 2007 standards, IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 was used. The WHO reports a prevalence of severe underweight of 14.6%, whereas national data show only 1.1%; the general underweight prevalenceis 67.2% according to WHO, compared to 7.5% nationally. Obesity is reported at 7.1% by WHO and 17.5% nationally, with severe obesity at 0% according to WHO and 8.0% in national data. Regarding height, the normal height category is 54.0% in WHO data versus 63.1% nationally, and verytall height is 5.7% according to WHO compared to 1.6% nationally. Kappa indices indicate weak concordance for weight (0.358) and very weak for height (0.248), reflecting significant differences between international and national evaluations. The results reveal significant discrepan-cies between national data and international WHO standards, with notable differences in the prevalence of malnutrition, weight, and height among children. Keywords: Nutritional Status; Child Nutrition Disorders; Body Mass Index; Reference Standards.Ítem Embargo Efecto de la concentración de la menaquinona-4 sobre el semen ovino en refrigeración(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Faican Pauta, María Belén; Moscoso Piedra, Andrés Leonardo; 0107966897Sperm cryoconservation is one of the practices with the most significant impact in Veterinary Medicine, helping small and large farmers, integrating modern genetic technologies to improve the viability and motility of sperm through the use of antioxidants such as menaquinone-4, MK-4, or vitamin K2, which neutralizes the increase in free radicals. This study aimed to examine this effect at doses of 1 mM and 10 mM on the sperm quality of three sheep breeds (Dorper, Katahdin, and Pelibuey), which participate in a genetic improvement program. For this analysis, five ejaculated individuals from each animal were used, which were evaluated using Host, Eosin-Nigrosima, Propidium Iodide, and Rhodamide tests, observing the viability, integrity, and potential of the mitochondrial membrane. At the same time, the parameters of PR, NP, IM, VCL, VAP, VSL, STR, LIN, ALH, and BCF were analyzed by the CASA (Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis System), yielding statistically favorable results when using doses of 1 mM and 10 mM. While in the evolution of 0, 24, and 48 hours, a gradual variation was seen in the viability and integrity tests. On the other hand, the Katahdin breed stood out in its sperm quality. However, the group was homogeneous, concluding that using Manaquinone-4 as an antioxidant proved to be a factor that helps cryopreservation in refrigerated sheep semen. These results provide new information for future research on using menaquinone-4 in sheep semen and other species. Keywords: vitamin K2; semen, cryopreservationÍtem Embargo Efecto de la concentración de la nenaquinona 4 en semen ovino post congelación.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Zuña León, Juan Carlos; Moscoso Piedra, Andrés Leonardo; 0104789599The production of sheep in the Andean countries represents an important economic activity, which has increased the need to improve their reproduction, with artificial insemination (AI) and specifically the cryopreservation technique being the most studied. To maintain and enhance seminal quality in different species, synthetic and natural antioxidants have been added to increase fertility by improving semen quality. With this background, the role of Menaquinone-4 (vitamin K2) added to sheep semen was studied, mainly for its antioxidant property to improve the characteristics of the semen during the freezing and post-freezing processes. In this research, the effect of the concentration of this substance in post-thaw ovine semen was evaluated, and applied in the following doses (1 millimole and 10 millimoles), in diluted semen from Dorper, Katahdin, and Pelibuey sheep. Over 11 days, semen free of treatment was studied. The results demonstrated that the application of Menaquinone-4 to fresh semen showed better characteristics in thawed samples regarding propidium iodide values, progressive motility, non-progressive motility, immobile sperm, curvilinear velocity, average velocity, linearity, head amplitude, and tail beat. Based on the C.A.S.A. (Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis System), the values were significantly reduced (p<0.01). It is concluded that treatment with Vitamin K on ram semen reduces cellular damage by neutralizing free radicals, resulting in more active and functional sperm after freezing. Keywords: Artificial insemination, sperm quality, cryopreservation, Menaquinone 4.Ítem Acceso Abierto Papa china como alternativa de remplazo energético parcial en la ración alimenticia de pollos broiler.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Barros Guichay , Jhon Moises; Verdugo Piña , Pablo Sebastián; Cuenca Condoy, Mercy del Cisne; 0107127037; 0107265365The study evaluated the addition of Chinese potato (Colocasia esculenta), as a partial energy replacement in broiler chickens, on the effective response and in vivo digestibility. A total of 800 one-day-old broilers were used, distributed in 4 treatments, eight replicates and 25 broilers per replicate. Treatments included the control group (T0), the inclusion of Chinese potato meal in the feed ration T1 (10%), T2 (15%) and T3 (20%). The zootechnical management of the birds was similar in all treatments, with 49 days. The variables studied were: productive parameters, feed digestibility and cost-benefit ratio. The results showed that feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and mortality percentage evidenced significant difference (p<0.05) during the growth phase, reaching the highest weight gain in T3 with 506.94 g. The best feed conversion was recorded in T2 with 1.34, the digestibility of DM and PB of feed was more edible in T0, and the fat content of the meal was more digestible in T1 and T3 during the growth and fattening phases, respectively. Hematological parameters did not show significant variation (p>0.05) between procedures and phases analyzed. The cost-benefit ratio was higher with T3, obtaining 0.70 cents/bird concerning T0, which showed a cost-benefit ratio of 0.49 cents/bird. It is concluded that supplementation with Chinese potato in broiler chickens' feed is an alternative for partial energy replacement. Keywords: Colocasia esculenta, production parameters, broiler chickens.Ítem Acceso Abierto Uso de semen sexado en un protocolo simplificado de fsh-p más ecg en vacas holstein en producción.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Chauca Guaman , Joselyn Estefania; Argudo Garzón , Daniel Ernesto; 0350173589Superovulation is reproductive biotechnology that has been widely used in cattle for several decades. However, applying several doses of pFSH to donors for four days causes stress in the animal. Recently, it has been shown that replacing the last four doses of pFSH (porcine Follicle Stimulating Hormone) with one dose of eCG (Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin) produces an equal number of embryos and a superovulation response similar to that of the conventional protocol. Therefore, this study’s objective was to use two hormonal protocols, such as pFSH and a combination of pFSH plus eCG. Treatments were applied employing the FTAI technique with sexed semen. These studies were conducted on 4 Holstein Friesian female cattle in production, about 90 days postpartum, with a body condition of 2.75 to 3. They are located in the Pilatos sector of the Biblián canton, in the province of Cañar. Embryo collection was performed seven days after insemination using sexed semen once the treatment was completed. The superovulation response resulted in the number of corpora lutea and viable embryos from both the first and second treatments showed no significant difference. Therefore, it can be concluded that the simplified protocol of pFSH plus eCG produces a superovulation response and a similar number of transferable embryos when using sexed semen compared to the conventional protocol. Keywords: Holstein, cattle, superovulation, pFSH, eCG, sexed semen.Ítem Acceso Abierto Aromaterapia con aceite esencial de lavanda como medida de relajación en animales de compañía que asisten a consulta veterinaria.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Segarra Zenteno , Mary Elisa; Rubio Arias , Pablo Giovanny; 0106568132It is fundamental not only to show the professionalism and ethics of a veterinarian but also to provide a correct clinical diagnosis. It is very common to come across patients who are stressed easily; this research aims to assess the effect of aromatherapy with Lavender oil (Lavandula spp) in contrast to Adaptil® as a relaxing treatment in pets that receive a consultation at the veterinary clinic of the Catholic University of Cuenca. Outcomes were evaluated using a randomized complete crossover block design, with ten dogs studied. Four appointments were made in time to determine if there was an immediate effect on the patients. Five groups were made with two individuals each, of which groups A, B, C, and E received aromatherapy using lavender. In contrast, group D or the control group received synthetic pheromones. Groups A and D received four complete sessions of aromatherapy when exposed to the scent in the consultation room and showed fewer signs of stress on both the third and fourth day as their cortisol levels remained within normal ranges. In other words, it showed that there were indeed positive results in the variable of days with a remarkable reduction of cortisol (P=0.0005) as well as behavioral changes (P=0.0098), indicating that the dogs linked the lavender scent with a feeling of calmness. Keywords: stress, pheromones, cortisol, Adaptil®, dogs.Ítem Acceso Abierto Evaluación de consanguinidad y su efecto sobre caracteres productivos en un hato caprino lechero.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Correa Tenesaca , Daysi Yessenia; Maldonado Cornejo, Manuel Esteban; 0150091817Consanguinity is a growing phenomenon in a population where there is no blood refreshment in the group. The objective of this research was to use the evaluation of the effect of consanguinity on quantitative parameters of production and management of a dairy herd of Saneen goats as an indicator in genetic enhancement. This was done with the records of 300 production animals in a dairy herd in the parish of Yaruquì-Quito. The Pedigree Viewer software was used to calculate the consanguinity coefficient. Previously, technical and production control visits were planned to validate and verify the processes. To increase the reliability, only 61% of the herd with all the productive and pedigree records were tested, where 13.5% of the herd showed consanguinity. However, when comparing the changes in production (liters) of the herd concerning the different degrees of consanguinity (0 vs. ≥ 3.12%, ≥ 6.25%, ≥ 12.5%), there were no differences between the groups (p ≥ 0.05), both in terms of lactation as well as in the different lactation thirds. This study was a diagnostic, management, and planning tool to establish a genetic enhancement program for this and any productive herd based on the current circumstances of the country, where there are restrictions regarding the introduction of new genetic material, making it essential to manage property registrations correctly. Keywords: Genetic enhancement, Saneen goats, planning, lactation.Ítem Acceso Abierto Diagnóstico zoonótico parasitario de mascotas domesticas (caninos y felinos) del Cantón Cañar como línea base de un plan de acción sanitario.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Calle Calle , Edwin Javier; Guartán Duchi , Edgar Armando; Moscoso Piedra, Andrés Leonardo; 0302712690; 1950025021Animal zoonotic diseases are responsible for altering the health of animals and mankind, causing unfavorable consequences in populations, especially in developing countries. This research consisted of collecting fresh samples of canine and feline feces and determining their zoonotic prevalence. It was decided to analyze canine and feline fecal samples because they are the main source of contagion in cities. Due to mistreatment and abandonment by their keepers, they roam the streets, squares, and markets in search of food and spread these pathogens. During the investigation, 250 samples were used, and the collection area was mapped with the help of GPS to identify places with greater affluence of zoonotic parasitism. We obtained a result of 68.70% of gastrointestinal parasitosis in dogs, of which 39% are zoonotic, while in felines, the percentage of gastrointestinal parasitosis is 58%, of which 28% are zoonotic. Toxocara canis has the highest prevalence with 19.30% in canines and 10% in felines; followed by Toxocara cati with 13% in felines and 2.66% in canines; diphylidium with 8% in canines, whereas in felines there were no reports; ancylostoma spp with 6. 66% in canines and 2% in felines; with 3.33% of Ascaris lumbricoides in canines, but not reported in felines, while in felines 3% prevalence of Uncinaria stenocephala, in canines there were no reports. Keywords: Ascaris, ancylosoma, diphylidium, Toxocara.Ítem Acceso Abierto Evaluación de la contaminación bacteriana de la carne de cerdo en las etapas de sacrificio- faenamiento, refrigeración– transporte y expendio.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) González Pinos , Carlos Andrés; Iñiguez Heredia, Franklin Alfredo; 0302329289The research work is focused on the process that takes pork meat from slaughtering to the final consumer, by controlling the risks of bacterial contamination throughout the food production chain, the problem lies in the form of bacterial contamination of pork meat in the stages of slaughtering-feeding, The objective was to evaluate the microbial contamination of meat from slaughter at the slaughtering center in Cuenca, where the process of contamination by microorganisms begins and the microbial load increases at each stage. In the present investigation, a descriptive statistical design was carried out evaluating the quality of pork protein from the Cuenca canton, when comparing the means of the response variable, carried out with 5 repetitions and in each repetition with 4 samples, the results that emitted the average was 36703.0833 in mesophilic aerobes, 1, 2833333333 of total coliforms and 10035.55 of molds and yeasts, about the general average of microorganisms, the third stage had a higher microbial load, confirming the hypothesis that pork meat has an increase of bacterial contamination in each stage it goes through, to reach the final consumer. It is recommended that animal protein should have a good sanitation process during the different stages from slaughtering to the final consumer. Keywords: meat, pork, contamination, microorganism, bacterial, slaughter, stages.Ítem Acceso Abierto Saccharomyces cerevisiae, urea y melaza como aditivos zootécnicos en la ración alimenticia y calidad de leche de vacas holstein.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Pañora Caisaguano , Samuel Francisco; García Sinchire , Cristhofer Alexander; Cuenca Condoy, Mercy del Cisne; 0301798674; 0106950967The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, urea, and molasses as zootechnical additives in the feed ration of cows; for this purpose, 21 Holstein cows and their crossbreeds, in lactation period between 2 to 6 months, with 3 to 5 calvings, were evaluated and assigned to three treatments: T0 (Control), T1(Saccharomyces cerevisiae 30gr/cow/day + urea 3Kg/ton of feed + molasses 30ml/cow/day) and T2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae 50gr/cow/day + urea 5Kg/ton of feed + molasses 50ml/cow/day). A Flushing program was given to all experimental units to homogenize body condition, considering a 21-day adaptation period to the diet. The variables studied were milk production/cow/day, total solids content (fat, protein, lactose, and minerals), ruminal pH, VFA production (acetic, propionic, and butyric), and somatic cell count. The results showed that the T2 treatment was able to increase the amount of milk produced and the percentage of fat and protein in the milk, reaching a production of 13.95 Ltrs/cow/day; 3% of protein and 3.21% of the fat present in the milk; while ruminal pH, VFA production and somatic cell count did not register significant difference (p>0.05) between treatments. It is concluded that the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 50 g/cow/day + urea 5 kg/ton of feed + molasses 50 ml/cow/day in the ratio of dairy cows has a positive impact on milk production and the amount of fat and protein present in the milk. Keywords: saccharomyces cerevisiae, total solids, milk production, rumen kineticsÍtem Acceso Abierto Calidad funcional y morfometría de espermatozoides de zángano expuestos a glifosato.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Encalada Encalada , Erika Nelly; Muñoz León, Esteban Mauricio; 0106357023The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to glyphosate for agricultural use under controlled environments on the kinetics and morphometry of spermatozoa from drones from hives installed above 2,200 m.a.s.l. For this purpose, 16 drones from different locations were used: Tarqui, Paute, and Cuenca. The treatments to be evaluated were dose 1 (0.25%), dose 2 (0.15%), dose 3 (0.10%) and dose 4 (0.05%) of glyphosate. The variables studied were the drone's time of death, flight, walking, stopping, and sperm morphology (length, width, head area, perimeter, elongation, roughness, regularity, volume, concentration, vitality, and death). The results obtained show that the location of the hives about the application of glyphosate does not affect the variables analyzed. However, drone’s time of death and time of stopping were affected under 0.25, 0.15, 0.10, and 0.05% doses; in the same way, flight time and walking time were significantly different under amounts of 0.25 and 0.05% of glyphosate. Finally, the sperm morphology of the drones was quite different, being affected by the parameters of sperm vitality and sperm death. The conclusion is that the use of glyphosate in agricultural production helps control undergrowth; however, it negatively affects the environment, in this case affecting beneficial insects (drones), causing problems in the reproductive part and, in more severe cases causing their death. Keywords: sperm morphology, glyphosate, drone, kinetics.Ítem Acceso Abierto Efecto del Flushing lumínico en la refrigeración de semen de conejo neozelandés.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Duran Romero , Antonella Estefanía; Moscoso Piedra , Andrés Leonardo; 0704937184The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of light flushing of rabbit semen on sperm quality during 24, 48, and 72 hours of sample refrigeration. There is sufficient evidence that light positively affects reproductive processes since it increases reproductive activity reflected on the physiology of rabbits, such as increasing libido in males. When studying this effect in the conservation processes of genetic material, the rabbit, due to its sensitivity, is an ideal species to understand the variables surrounding these processes, in this case, refrigeration and the light effect. To this end, 12 rabbits divided into two treatments were evaluated; the first with standard lighting and the second with 16-hour light flushing. Samples were collected in an artificial vagina and pooled into a sperm pool for each treatment for six replicates. The tests were contrasted using a t-student test, finding a greater quantity of nacre white colors in the samples with flushing and volume, concentration, and vitality (p<0.05). At the same time, refrigeration affected the decrease of sperm quality in both treatments. However, the number of abnormalities increased significantly (p<0.05) at 72 hours for the animals that did not receive flushing, concluding that flushing affects New Zealand rabbits' refrigeration time and sperm quality. Keywords: Light flushing, vitality, reproduction, refrigeration.Ítem Acceso Abierto Evaluación de la contaminación bacteriana de la carne de cerdo en las etapas de sacrificio- faenamiento, refrigeración– transporte y expendio(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) González Pinos, Carlos Andrés; Iñiguez Heredia, Franklin Alfredo; 0302329289The research work is focused on the process that takes pork meat from slaughtering to the final consumer, by controlling the risks of bacterial contamination throughout the food production chain, the problem lies in the form of bacterial contamination of pork meat in the stages of slaughtering-feeding, The objective was to evaluate the microbial contamination of meat from slaughter at the slaughtering center in Cuenca, where the process of contamination by microorganisms begins and the microbial load increases at each stage. In the present investigation, a descriptive statistical design was carried out evaluating the quality of pork protein from the Cuenca canton, when comparing the means of the response variable, carried out with 5 repetitions and in each repetition with 4 samples, the results that emitted the average was 36703.0833 in mesophilic aerobes, 1, 2833333333 of total coliforms and 10035.55 of molds and yeasts, about the general average of microorganisms, the third stage had a higher microbial load, confirming the hypothesis that pork meat has an increase of bacterial contamination in each stage it goes through, to reach the final consumer. It is recommended that animal protein should have a good sanitation process during the different stages from slaughtering to the final consumer. Keywords: meat, pork, contamination, microorganism, bacterial, slaughter, stagesÍtem Acceso Abierto Paico (Dysphania ambrosioides) como desparasitante alternativo para el control sanitario de helminto en palomas domésticas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Quiridumbay Quiridumbay , Cesar Moises; Iñiguez Heredia , Franklin Alfredo; 0302442991The study determined the effect of Dysphania ambrosioides as an antiparasitic in feeding Columba livia pigeons. Dehydrated Paico leaves were used to elaborate a deworming medication. Thirty-two adult birds, with an approximate weight of 350-365 g, were assigned to a completely Randomized Block Design in two moments before and after; being T0 (Absolute control), T1 (2. 49 g Dysphania ambrosioides/pigeon), T2 (1.10 g Dysphania ambrosioides/pigeon) and commercial T3 (Gallomec Plus®). There were four repetitions for each treatment and eight pigeons for each replicate. Zootechnical management was similar in all experimental units, health control, environmental variables, and nutritional monitoring. The studied variables were frequency parameters (methods, gender, effects, population) and the presence or absence of Helminths at the cecal level. However, the numerical difference was recorded, achieving the lowest prevalence of Capillaria spp. population in the T1 treatment with a mean of 20.63 in the sheather analysis of variance; while the highest number of incidence of Capillaria spp. was accomplished in the T2 treatment with a mean of 22.5 in the sheather analysis of variance. The treatments have not recorded a significant statistical difference between females and males (p<0.05). Regarding the administration of Paico Pelletizing as a Helminth antiparasitic, a positive effect was observed. The conclusion is that the addition of crushed Paico leaves in a proportion of 21 g does exert beneficial activity on the control of Helminths in pigeons in captivity. Keywords: Columba livia, Helminths, Pelletized, frequency parameters, Dysphania ambrosioides.Ítem Acceso Abierto Utilización de suero lácteo como suplemento en la dieta para lechones y su efecto en el crecimiento de vellosidades intestinales.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Calle Nieto , Víctor Alfonso; Iñiguez Heredia , Franklin Alfredo; 0302759147; Franklin AlfredoThis research aimed to evaluate the effect of intestinal hair growth using whey as a supplement in the diet of piglets. The methodology was carried out with a mixed focus (quantitative-qualitative), supported by bibliographic research. There were 12 piglets divided into three groups of 4. The first group was fed only with a commercial balanced feed (2kg); the second group was administered a balanced feed of 70% (1.4kg) and whey (30%) (6L); and the third group was offered a balanced feed of 60% (1.20 kg) and 40% of whey (8L). The results showed that the chemical characteristics analyzed from the whey were 5.055% sugars; 4mg/100g calcium; 0.534% ash; 13.2 mg/100g phosphorus; 0.5% fat; 91.983% humidity; 1.718% protein; and 45.862 mg/100g sodium. The acidity determined an initial pH of 6.32 with an acidity of 0.63. In the evaluation of the productive parameters with respect to the feed consumption in weeks 2 and 3, the T1 demonstrated statistical differences from the T3. With the diets about weight gain, T2 was the best, with 36.50%. For consumption, it was the T1 with 108.08%, while according to feed conversion, the T1 treatment was at 3.19%. No representative numerical differences existed between the values found as to the height and width of the hairs; however, there is variation in terms of the depth of the lowering to the reference value for the individual T2 and T3 concerning to T1 and to the initial value, where the microns doubled, concluding that the best treatment used was the T2. Keywords: whey, supplement, diet, piglets, growth, intestinal hairs
