Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Pedagogía de la actividad física y del deporte
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/87
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Solano del cantón Déleg(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Espinoza Alvarrasin, Jhoffre Jesus; Guillén Campoverde, Leonardo Fabián; 0106755101Excess weight and obesity constitute a significant public health challenge in developed and developing countries. These issues increase the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension in adulthood, highlighting the importance of prevention, early detection, and timely treatment. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school students at the San Sebastián de Solano Educational Unit, this was carried out using the methodology which consists of applying Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design during the 2022-2023 academic year, BMI was calculated to categorize 60 participating students aged 15 to 17 who agreed to participate through the informed consents given to their representatives . Variables such as age, gender, weight, height, and body fat percentage were recorded. The primary results revealed that most students were overweight (36.7%) and obesity (13.3%). Body fat percentage was higher among females than males in the overweight and obese categories, These data could be collected by applying the IPAQ. In conclusion, both genders showed levels of overweight, obesity, and high body fat values, representing long-term risk factors. Early identification of these levels can be crucial for preventing cardiovascular diseases. Keywords: obesity, prevalence, overweight, Body Mass IndexÍtem Acceso Abierto Revisión bibliográfica sobre estilos de vida en estudiantes universitarios: actividad física, alimentación y hábitos nocivos.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Velecela Sumba, Freddy Santiago; Bravo Navarro, Wilson Hernando; 0302806310The lifestyles of university students are a growing concern today due to the lack of physical activity, excessive consumption of harmful substances, and poor eating habits. This research aimed to identify the lifestyles of university students, focusing on physical activity, nutrition, and harmful habits; a qualitative approach was used, and a literature review was conducted on digital databases such as Redalyc, SciELO, and Google Scholar. The primary findings revealed a low level of physical activity in this group, with women being more inactive than men. Overweight and obesity are more common in men than in women, and the consumption of alcohol and cigarettes is notably high in all Latin American countries, with a higher prevalence among men. The lifestyles of university students are inadequate. Poor eating habits are prevalent due to their long academic hours, leaving them with no time for proper rest and neglecting their diet, opting for the consumption of junk food, which leads to obesity and overweight, as well as various diseases as a consequence of the excessive intake of sugars and fats. Keywords: lifestyles, physical activity, eating habits, harmful habitsÍtem Acceso Abierto Desarrollo de la velocidad de reacción en futbolistas de 10 a 12 años.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Collaguazo Guerrero, Edder Israel; Guillen Campoverde, Leonardo; 1004116396The intensive practice of a sport like soccer requires that the body be fully prepared. However, specific exercises essential to this sport are often not incorporated, leading several studies to highlight a deficiency in the development of reaction speed in individuals of these ages. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a literature review on reaction speed in soccer players by investigating methods that optimize performance in game situations. This work follows a non-experimental design. All the scientific articles, theses, and selected projects related to reaction speed in soccer published in the last ten years were reviewed objectively and systematically. The search included seven theses and three scientific articles, applying different filters that identify the most important texts. Given that the results found on reaction speed in athletes are applicable in various practice settings, most studies analyzed in the context of soccer conclude that the level of implementation of tactics, exercises, and other activities related to reaction speed is high. Everything can be adapted to new and experienced soccer players, and it will be feasible if different teaching methodologies are used. Keywords: soccer, speed, reaction speed.Ítem Acceso Abierto Hábitos alimenticios e índice de masa corporal en adolescentes: Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Paida Sucuzhañay, Cristian Alfredo; Bravo Navarro, Wilson Hernando; 0302614532According to the research conducted, in recent years, the number of adolescents with inadequate or poor nutrition has increased, which is why they have become a vulnerable group. This study aimed to determine adolescents’ eating habits and body mass index (BMI) through a literature review. This investigation adopts a qualitative approach and is based on literature research. The review involved an electronic search for articles on eating habits and BMI in adolescents, using indexing sources such as Google Scholar, SciELO, Medline, and PubMed, with particular emphasis on studies conducted with university students in health sciences schools. The bibliographic search yielded 15 articles, most of which reported instances of overweight among adolescents. BMI data indicates that 55% of adolescents are classified as "underweight" according to the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. This predominance may be attributed to low-fat diet consumption and regular physical exercise. Nevertheless, a more in-depth analysis is required to obtain conclusive results from this research. These findings may be useful for extrapolating data to the adolescent population. Keywords: eating habits, body mass index, nutritional status.Ítem Acceso Abierto Evaluación de la técnica de conducción del balón en futbolistas de 8 a 10 años(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Juca Juca, Franklin Cristian; Guillen Campoverde, Leonardo Fabian; 0350188850Soccer ball dribbling is a fundamental skill that must be developed early to enhance performance. A study was conducted to analyze the skill level of ball dribbling in soccer players aged 8 to 10 from the ‘Independiente del Valle-Azogues’ Soccer School. The method used in this study was non-experimental, with a quantitative approach and a longitudinal design. The sample comprised 30 soccer players. To evaluate their dribbling skills, a pre-test and a post-test were applied to measure this technical aspect. The results obtained through this test provided significant data. In particular, it was observed that 80% of the evaluated players demonstrated a dribbling level considered "very good," indicating a high degree of proficiency in this skill. On the other hand, 20% of the evaluated players were at a dribbling level that still had to improve. However, it is essential to highlight that the participation of these players in the soccer school and their exposure to such evaluations suggests that they have the potential to improve their skills. This study emphasizes the importance of consistent, controlled practice and proper training in dribbling technique, which enable the development of more efficient performance among soccer players. Keywords: sport, soccer, dribbling, technique, teaching.Ítem Acceso Abierto Motivación y satisfacción en educación física en adolescentes del cantón Azogues(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Guallpa Crespo, Jennifer Monserrath; Heredia León , Diego Andrés; 0350177218This study aimed to determine the relationship between motivation and satisfaction during physical education classes. A non-experimental, cross-sectional descriptive design was implemented. Adolescent students from the Canton of Azogues participated, ranging in age from 10 to 19 years (M = 15.54, SD = 1.48). The sampling method was non-probabilistic and was selected for convenience. Validated instruments were ed to measure the dimensions of motivation: intrinsic motivation, identified, introjected, and external regulations, and amotivation; as well as the dimensions of satisfaction: enjoyment and boredom. The results revealed that intrinsic motivation is positively associated with identified, introjected, and external regulation, as well as with enjoyment, but is not related to amotivation and is negatively linked to boredom. It is concluded that teachers who create pleasant environments in the context of physical education enhance intrinsic motivation and reduce amotivation and boredom in adolescents. Keywords: intrinsic motivation, physical education, sports satisfaction, boredom, amotivation.Ítem Acceso Abierto Selección de talentos y programas de iniciación deportiva en Ecuador: Análisis y perspectivas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Guillen Alvarez , Marco Antonio; Ávila Mediavilla, Carlos Marcelo; 0302323142This article examines the methods and strategies used to identify and develop sports talents in Ecuador. A literature review analyzes traditional and scientific approaches applied by federations and sports clubs, highlighting the importance of proper coach training and the crucial role of Physical Education teachers in the early identification of talents. The lack of infrastructure and resources and political apathy are significant obstacles to sports development in the country. The study proposes combining natural observation methods with scientific evaluations to improve talent detection accuracy. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of implementing effective public policies and increasing investment in coach training. These measures aim to optimize selection processes and ensure the comprehensive development of athletes, contributing to greater sports success nationally and internationally. Keywords: talent selection, talent detection, scientific methodology, coach trainingÍtem Acceso Abierto Lesiones musculares y su influencia en el rendimiento deportivo: Una perspectiva desde la literatura científica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) León Serrano, Brian Alexis; González , Nanci de la Nube; 0350092524Muscle injuries in sports are common and can range from mild strains to severe tears; they occur when muscle fibers are stretched beyond their capacity or break due to excessive effort. Objective: To analyze the causes of muscle injuries presented by athletes through literature research to know their influence on it. Method: This article is a literature review, information was gathered from several sources, such as SciELO, Redalyc, Scopus, and Google Scholar, which gave search lists for muscle injuries, muscle fatigue, and sports disciplines. Result: The findings from these sources indicate that muscle injuries in athletes are primarily caused by factors such as inadequate warming-up, overload, and psychological stress. The results and discussion reveal that muscle injuries are among the most common issues faced by athletes due to factors like an inadequate warm-up, overloading, overtraining, impacts, falls, low psychological resilience, and high physical demands; therefore, it is recommended that each coach develop a specific training plan and consider the physical condition of each athlete, performing regular medical check-up to prevent discomfort and ensure the athlete maintains a healthy condition. Keywords: muscle injuries, muscle fatigue, sports performanceÍtem Acceso Abierto Exigencias de la preparación física en árbitros de fútbol profesional: Un análisis integral(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Andrade Romero, Bryan German; Avila Mediavilla, Carlos Marcelo; 0350036349This study investigates the relationship between physical conditioning and the performance of professional soccer referees by employing a descriptive-documentary approach through an extensive review of literature from academic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis, Redalyc, and SciELO. Eighteen studies were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria related to the significance of physical condition in refereeing. The findings indicate that adequate physical conditioning, encompassing the development of aerobic endurance, speed, strength, and flexibility, is essential for maintaining game tempo, making quick decisions, and reducing errors. Additionally, their physical condition influences the referee’s running technique and ability to follow the play closely. The results emphasize the need for specific physical training programs for referees and suggest that improved physical conditioning can significantly enhance their performance and reduce the risk of injuries. In this context, the study highlights the critical role of physical conditioning in refereeing efficacy, advocating for incorporating more effective training methods and integrating psychological factors in the development of refereeing performance. Keywords: physical conditioning, professional soccer referees, physical condition, running technique, specific training.Ítem Acceso Abierto Influencia de la práctica de ejercicio físico en mujeres embarazadas. Revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Barreto Barreto, Johanna Estefanía; Aldas Arcos , Helder Guillermo; 0107275471Pregnancy and physical exercise are often seen as contradictory for women, as society and even women generally believe that exercise may jeopardize the health and life of the baby. Therefore, trainers must understand the physiological changes associated with exercise during pregnancy. This research aims to conduct a literature review of the main benefits of physical exercise for pregnant women. The research design was non-experimental, and the main methods used to develop the study were a literature review and descriptive, synthetic, deductive, and historical-logical approaches. Scientific articles on the influence of physical exercise on pregnant women from the past four years were searched using six databases. The results revealed the benefits of physical exercise during pregnancy, including significant reductions in cesarean births, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, excessive gestational weight gain, pelvic floor strengthening, and improved mental health, including reduced anxiety and depression. Keywords: physical exercise, pregnant women, benefits, recommendationsÍtem Acceso Abierto Nivel de actividad física y sedentarismo en escolares en el contexto ecuatoriano. Revisión bibliográfica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Torres Aguilar, Juleysi Yamileth; Aldas Arcos, Helder Guillermo; 0751120569Systematic physical activity is gradually increasing in the population; however, sedentarism is also rising significantly, with a notable emphasis on schoolchildren. This study aimed to conduct a literature review on the level of physical activity and sedentarism among schoolchildren in the Ecuadorian context. The research was framed within a non-experimental, cross-sectional design, employing a comprehensive literature review of scientific articles published in the past eight years relating to physical activity and sedentarism among Ecuadorian schoolchildren. The search covered five scientific databases in English and Spanish, applying relevance filters to identify the most pertinent articles. After selection, ten articles meeting the pre-established criteria for the literature review were considered. Findings regarding the level of physical activity and sedentarism reveal concerning results about the reality faced by Ecuadorian schoolchildren. Most studies analyzed in the Ecuadorian context report that the physical activity levels of schoolchildren were low. About sedentarism, the analysis of the findings reports high levels. Keywords: level of physical activity in schoolchildren, school physical activity, level of sedentarism in schoolchildren, school sedentarism.Ítem Acceso Abierto Hábitos alimenticios e índice de masa corporal en adolescentes de 12 a 16 años: Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Rivera Sanmartin, Brian Marcelo; Toledo Moncayo, Cecilia Cleopatra de la Nube; 0350083176Contemporary dietary habits among adolescents are characterized by irregular eating schedules, with a notable disregard for the importance of mealtimes. For instance, breakfast, widely considered the most crucial meal to start the day, is increasingly being replaced by beverages and products laden with preservatives, colorants, and excessive amounts of sugars and fats. Additionally, the consumption of fast food outside the home has led to serious health issues, impacting adolescents' body mass index (BMI) and exacerbating the lack of physical exercise, which further contributes to severe health conditions. This study aims to theoretically substantiate the relationship between dietary habits and BMI in adolescents aged 12 to 16 through a literature review. The purpose is to understand the impact of these habits on the health and overall well-being of adolescents during their developmental stage. The methodology was framed within a qualitative approach aimed at deeply understand the experiences and perceptions of previous research. It used a non-experimental design focused on natural environments and without variable manipulation, incorporating a comparative literature review and a systematic review of scientific articles related to the topic. Keywords: dietary habits, adolescents, body mass index, physical activity.Ítem Acceso Abierto Desarrollo de las capacidades coordinativas en clases de educación física: Revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Castillo Torres, Miguel Antonio; Bravo Navarro, Wilson Hernando; 0705622728In the present work, the importance of coordinative abilities in physical education is highlighted, emphasizing that they are fundamental in student’s motor, cognitive, and psychosocial development. The study aimed to conduct a literature review using digital databases to determine the most suitable methods for developing coordinative abilities in physical education classes. A qualitative approach with a descriptive scope was employed, focusing on a literature review using digital databases to identify relevant studies from the last ten years on the development of coordinative abilities in physical education classes. Fifteen articles from different countries were selected based on information gathered from scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Retos, and the Interdisciplinary Peer-Reviewed Journal Koinonía. The results indicate that traditional games and academic dance are highly effective in improving coordinative abilities in children, facilitating the learning of basic motor skills, and enhancing both fine and gross motor skills. Therefore, the conclusions emphasize the importance of incorporating specific physical education activities to develop coordinative abilities, highlighting the need for methodological programs that include games and dance. These methods not only improve coordinative abilities but also positively impact academic performance and overall students’ development. Moreover, the importance of proper teacher training is emphasized for effectively implementing these strategies, thereby ensuring balanced and healthy motor development in children. Keywords: coordinative abilities, Physical Education, methodsÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores asociados al uso de suplementos deportivos en usuarios de gimnasios(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Pinos Pinos, Jairo Adrián; González, Nanci de la Nube; 0302490099In contemporary fitness centers, such as gyms, sports supplements are increasingly used by individuals aiming to achieve specific physical outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial for athletes consuming these products to be well-informed about their functions and applications. This research article aims to scientifically analyze the use of dietary supplements among gym users through a bibliographic review to determine who consumes these supplements, the reasons for their use, the most commonly consumed products, and the sources of information used to acquire them. Methodology: A literature review was conducted based on scientific articles and studies on the use of sports supplements, using search terms such as gym users regardless of age or gender, sports supplements, and consumption studies from 2018 to 2023. Results: The relevant results analyzed indicate that men tend to consume these products more than women, and the primary reasons are focused on gaining muscle, fat loss, energy, and avoiding fatigue. The most commonly consumed products are protein, followed by creatine, sports drinks, and fat burners. Finally, users’ sources of information on these substances are trainers, social media, and, to a lesser extent, specialists. Conclusions: Users should critically evaluate the sources of information they rely on to ensure they are receiving accurate guidance regarding the products they use and their proper consumption. Keywords: sports supplements, gym users, consumption factors, literature review.Ítem Acceso Abierto Actividades lúdicas para mejorar la coordinación motriz en niños de primaria mediante la educación física(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Pérez Chuva, Gabriel de Jesús; Jarrín Navas, Santiago Alejandro; 0302708011Physical Education is crucial for the holistic development of students, enhancing motor skills, cognitive abilities, and coordination. It promotes enjoyment of recreational and sports activities, encouraging a positive attitude towards exercise. Children must develop psychomotor, cognitive, and socio-emotional skills to maintain an active lifestyle. Improving motor coordination is challenging, as many children struggle in this area. It is essential to adapt the development of these skills to individual learning paces and ensure the curriculum includes specific activities to strengthen coordination through consistent practice. This research aims to analyze various ludic activities that improve coordination in children during Physical Education classes through a literature review. A methodological analysis was conducted using academic sources published from 2015 to 2023, excluding documents without scientific backing, those in other languages, or those outside the established timeframe. The results reveal a positive relationship between ludic activities and the development of motor coordination. Recent studies highlight the importance of incorporating physical, recreational, and motivational activities into the curriculum, using everyday objects in games to contextualize learning. Motor ability, influenced by age and experience, improves with increased physical activity. Ludic activities enhance children's coordination and should be integrated into motor learning. It is recommended that these activities be included in the Physical Education curricula. Keywords: Physical Education, ludic activities, coordinationÍtem Acceso Abierto Ejercicios físicos para aumentar la resistencia aeróbica en jugadores de fútbol: Una revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Oliveros Lituma, David Alexis; Toledo Moncayo, Cecilia Cleopatra; 0350116471Currently, children, youth, and adolescents involved in sports, specifically soccer, face challenges when they do not perform well on the field due to training that does not fully develop their physical and technical capabilities. This research aims to provide a literature review of the level of physical conditioning in soccer players to enhance aerobic endurance. A qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional approach was used, applying bibliographic review methods along with descriptive, synthetic, deductive, and historical- logical approaches for the development of the research. The specificity of training— adapting programs to the specific demands of the sport and the athlete— is essential to optimize on-field performance. Technological advancements, such as heart rate monitoring devices and GPS systems, have improved the ability to evaluate and adjust training programs in real time, leading to more effective workload management and injury prevention. The review emphasized the need for a comprehensive approach combining varied training methods, proper periodization, specificity, and personalization of training, along with the use of advanced technologies to significantly improve aerobic capacity and sports performance. Keywords: aerobic conditioning, aerobic endurance, physical exercise, sports performance.Ítem Acceso Abierto Relación entre la actividad física extracurricular y el rendimiento académico en adolescentes(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Quizhpi Chabla, Edison Mauricio; Torres Palchisaca , Zoila Guillermina; 0350185898There is increasing evidence suggesting a positive relationship between participation in extracurricular physical activities and academic performance in adolescents. Various studies have demonstrated that students who regularly engage in sports or other physical activities tend to achieve higher grades, have better class attendance, and exhibit improved classroom behavior. Objective: To conduct a literature review on the relationship between extracurricular physical activity and adolescent academic performance. Methodology: A qualitative approach through an extensive bibliographic analysis. Results: Through extensive research, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty relevant articles were identified for this investigation. Conclusions: The evidence suggests a positive relationship between extracurricular physical activity and adolescent academic performance. Participation in physical activities can enhance cognitive function, reduce stress and anxiety, increase motivation and self-esteem, and promote healthy lifestyle habits. Keywords: physical activity; extracurricular activities; academic performance.Ítem Acceso Abierto Actividad física y sedentarismo en adultos mayores de la ciudad de Azogues(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Chucaralao Huilca , Stalin Raúl; Jarrin Navas , Santiago Alejandro; 0302080122This research focuses on Physical Activity (PA) and sedentary behavior among older adults in Azogues. PA is defined as any bodily movement that results in caloric expenditure, and older adults are considered individuals aged 55 years or older, according to the WHO. This study was based on a bibliographic review of the relevant literature to determine PA and sedentary behavior in older adults in Azogues, located in the province of Cañar. The methodology used is descriptive, with a qualitative, non-experimental approach and documentary research type, supported by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: After performing the electronic search and entering keywords into the database, 65 records were obtained. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were then applied to select relevant articles, identifying 63 records. This led to an exhaustive review of the selected records, discarding those that did not meet the set objectives; in this way, 33 studies were considered for this paper. Conclusion: A sedentary lifestyle in older adults leads to health risks, while PA provides better quality of life benefits. Keywords: physical activity, sedentary behavior, older adultsÍtem Acceso Abierto Juegos tradicionales y su efecto en las habilidades motrices básicas en niños de 5 a 10 años(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Sánchez Siguencia, Fernando Xavier; Avila Mediavilla, Carlos Marcelo; 0302181565This study deals with traditional games and their effect on the development of fundamental motor skills in children, considering that these activities are closely related to the culture and traditions of the people, in some cases as the cultural heritage of a nation. Most of them are classic children's games that can use elements of the environment as well as their own body to guarantee enjoyment, fun, and learning safely. This research aimed to apply a guide of traditional games specific to the region to demonstrate their effects on developing basic motor skills. The study employed an experimental design with an applicative scope, conducted in the field, employing a mixed epistemological approach and a longitudinal cut. Inductive-deductive and analytical-synthetic methods were employed to process information by reviewing general concepts of traditional games and their impact on basic motor skills in children aged 5 to 10, and an empirical method was used through pre-test and post-test applications. The research population comprised 20 children from the “Javier Loyola” Educational Unit, males and females aged 5-10. As a result of applying the traditional games guide, the importance of these games in motor, affective, and social development, mainly in improving children's fundamental motor skills at an early age, was evidenced. Keywords: traditional games, motor skills, methods, childrenÍtem Acceso Abierto El miniatletismo para desarrollar las habilidades motrices básicas en las clases de educación física(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Castillo Yumbla, Ariel Josué; González , Nanci de la Nube; 0302890603Fundamental motor skills are a group of motor actions naturally manifested in human beings and constitute the basis for learning more complex motor skills. This research aims to demonstrate how mini-athletics influences children's development of fundamental motor skills. Methodology: This study has a non-experimental design with a mixed and cross-sectional approach to show how mini-athletics influences the development of fundamental motor skills in children in Physical Education (PE) classes. Population: Fifteen physical education teachers from several public schools in the city of Azogues in the province of Cañar. Results: After applying the questionnaire to the PE professionals, it was evident that mini-athletics contributes directly to children's development of fundamental motor skills. Conclusion: Mini-athletics is presented as a valuable pedagogical tool for developing essential motor skills in PE classes. Its playful, recreational, and adaptable approach to different ages makes it an effective strategy to promote movement, coordination, and body control in children, thus contributing to their integral development. Keywords: mini - athletics, basic motor skills, physical education
