Trabajos de Titulación - Derecho
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/10
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Garantías jurisdiccionales: ¿abuso del derecho o derecho ilimitado? Análisis del caso Jorge Glas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024-11-21) Jaramillo Romero, Carlos Agustín; Quito Mendieta, Víctor Hugo; Robles Fernadez , Paul Andres; 0105200349; 0106431125This scientific article aims to analyze ruling No. 98-23-JH/23, issued by the Constitutional Court of Ecuador. Based on this analysis, the intention is to determine whether the former Vice President of the Republic of Ecuador, Jorge Glas Espinel, abused the right to file several Habeas Corpus actions, claiming that his rights were violated, or conversely, whether the judges of the Constitutional Court made an erroneous interpretation of the current regulations in Ecuador. To achieve the described objective, the spirit of the jurisdictional guarantee of Habeas Corpus will be analyzed, from its creation to its incorporation into Ecuadorian legislation, as well as its application and limits. Consequently, the concept of abuse of rights will be defined to understand its implications and how the Court links these criteria to its decision; finally, it will be examined whether there is any regulation that limits the possibility for a person to file a jurisdictional guarantee when their rights are violated.Ítem Embargo Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Rodríguez Gavilanes, Manuel Sebastián; Parra Vicuña, Raúl Mauricio; 0350269973Ítem Acceso Abierto Análisis del uso abusivo de la prisión preventiva bajo el enfoque del derecho penal del enemigo en Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Altamirano Pacheco, Evelyn Mariela; Monsalve Robalino, Bernardo Xavier; 0150518124This study analyzes the influence of preventive detention in the context of the Criminal Law of the Enemy in Ecuador, focusing on its impact on the fundamental rights of individuals. The lack of motivation and justification by judges in applying this precautionary measure has generated a debate over its legitimacy and justification. On the one hand, it is argued that preventive detention should not contravene fundamental rights such as freedom and physical integrity nor be a means to exercise violence, emphasizing the need for this measure to be proportional, reasonable, and necessary. On the other hand, its usefulness is defended as an essential tool to guarantee public safety and prevent the perpetration of serious crimes. The main objective of this research is to analyze how the application of preventive detention within the framework of the Criminal Law of the Enemy affects these fundamental rights and to examine the existing relationship between insufficient judicial justifications and human rights violations in criminal proceedings. The main conclusion is that the disproportionate application of preventive detention, without adequate justifications, not only violates fundamental rights but also delegitimizes the judicial system in Ecuador, highlighting the urgent need to review and reform its use to balance public safety with the protection of human rights.Ítem Acceso Abierto Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024-11-18) Mogrovejo Orosco, Andrea De Jesús; Vallejo Cárdenas, Paola Priscila; 0106093404Ítem Embargo Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Zhingre Orellana, Diego Armando; Culcay Villavicencio, Iván Patricio; 0150352813Ítem Acceso Abierto El uso de servicios telemáticos en línea para el avance en la legislación ecuatoriana en la ley notarial(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Samaniego Brito, Camila Estefanía; González Loyola, Gabriela Fernanda; Piedra, Mónica; 0107143182; 0104903497This study aimed to analyze the Notarial Law concerning implementing technological services within acts, contracts, and documents established by law. To this end, a qualitative, documentary, and descriptive methodology was applied, indicating that the most relevant findings show that the implementation of an information and communication technology (ICT) system in the country's notary offices is crucial for streamlining commercial acts, contracts, and transactions, since telematic contracting has efficiently revolutionized these processes. It is concluded that the functions of notaries have been analyzed regarding how they manage telematic means in executing acts and the lack of knowledge within them. This reveals a generalized deficiency in computing skills and a lack of infrastructure in telematic notarial services, presenting significant challenges. Furthermore, the proposed hypothesis is confirmed since the transformation of ICT in applying the Notarial Law in the city of Cuenca is shown to be an effective measure to optimize and accelerate the processes involved in acts, contracts, and documents established by law.Ítem Acceso Abierto Análisis de la proporcionalidad y justificación por la actuación unilateral del gobierno ecuatoriano en la incursión a la embajada mexicana en Quito(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Quichimbo Díaz, Jonnathan Mario; Pérez Peña, Kevin Paúl; Ostos, Luis Enrique; 0150778157; 0150045987In order to capture former Vice President Jorge Glas, before granting political asylum, Ecuador conducted a raid on the Mexican embassy based in Quito, raising questions about respect for treaties and norms in Public International Law. This research analyzed the legitimacy and proportionality of the actions before and after the conflict between the countries using the inductive-deductive method. Faced with this situation, there is a need to identify the norms that are part of International Treaties, which have been ratified between countries and which were violated. Likewise, a need for more legitimacy and proportionality was identified in their study. At the same time, through the comparative method, a comparison was made with precedents raised in the international arena, and multiple scenarios that could aggravate the situation in Ecuador were analyzed, establishing this conflict as a new precedent in Public International Law.Ítem Acceso Abierto Atipicidad del aborto culposo en tránsito: desprotección del derecho a la vida del nascituro y reparación a víctimas indirectas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Barros Siguencia, Katherine Cristina; Monsalve Robalino, Bernardo Xavier; 0106516230The uncommon case of wrongful abortion in the Ecuadorian Comprehensive Organic Criminal Organic Code (COIP by its Spanish acronym) has emerged as a crucial issue, especially within the context of transportation and road safety. The importance of addressing this issue lies in the need to protect both the right to life of the unborn and the right to personal integrity of the pregnant mother, particularly when the abortion results from a traffic accident. To analyze this problem, a documentary methodology was used to conduct a study of the current criminal legislation in Ecuador and identify possible legal gaps regarding the protection of the right to life of the unborn and the integrity of the pregnant mother. Likewise, a comparative methodology was used to examine how wrongful abortion is regulated in other international legislation to determine the practices and regulations in countries that have criminalized this issue in the context of traffic accidents and evaluate its applicability in Ecuador. Based on these analyses, this research focuses on evaluating the need to include the criminal offense of wrongful abortion in criminal legislation. Therefore, it will explore the legal and ethical implications derived from the absence of a specific classification of wrongful abortion in criminal law. Ecuadorian legislation considers constitutional rights and relevant international treaties that grant responsibility to the Ecuadorian State as the guarantor of human rights recognized by international law.Ítem Acceso Abierto La factibilidad de la implementación del transfemicidio y el travesticidio en la legislación ecuatoriana como crímenes de odio(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Fernández de Córdova Ávila, Doménica Alejandra; Luzuriaga Andrade, Marco Elian; Monsalve Robalino, Bernardo Xavier; 0150046357; 0151041209This research addresses the feasibility of creating criminal offenses for travesticide and transfemicide as hate crimes from a gender perspective in Ecuador. This research is conducted due to the lack of information, legislation, and visibility regarding these crimes within the country. For the development of this article, an inductive-deductive approach was used to conduct interviews with members of the trans and travesty population and experts in gender-based violence. A synthetic method was employed to compare experiences worldwide. Finally, an analytical method was used to study the current legal framework in Ecuador with a general qualitative approach. This was done to gather the necessary perspectives for developing the research. The main findings were the need to implement specific criminal offenses for the protection of the rights of trans and travesty individuals within hate crimes, the need to create public policies for these individuals, and the improvement of public assistance systems so that these individuals can have access to and security regarding their fundamental rights.Ítem Embargo Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Oleas Quezada, Sthefany Noemi; Martínez Albornoz, Juan Pablo; 0107467417Ítem Acceso Abierto Incidencia de la migración venezolana irregular en el aumento del trabajo informal en el cantón Cuenca, período 2021 – 2023(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Gómez Galán, Juan Sebastián; Gallegos Avendaño , Mónica Cecibel; 0107285876The research analyzes the impact of irregular Venezuelan migration on the increase in informal labor in the Canton of Cuenca during 2021-2023. This phenomenon has gained relevance in Ecuador due to the Venezuelan migration crisis. It has led to a rise in migrants facing precarious working conditions, presenting economic and social challenges. Many migrants are forced to accept jobs without legal protection or labor benefits, perpetuating their vulnerability. Locally, particularly in cities like Cuenca, regulations have been implemented to regulate informal labor and facilitate migrant’s integration into the labor market. However, the effectiveness of these policies is limited by a lack of resources and insufficient oversight. Despite government efforts, labor informality continues to rise, with many workers still lacking access to fundamental rights. The methodology used is analytical and explanatory. The analytical approach provides a deep understanding of the causes and effects of irregular Venezuelan migration and its connection to the increase in informal labor. Meanwhile, the explanatory approach identifies the factors influencing this issue and examines the current regulations addressing labor informality. This research offers a comprehensive view of the socioeconomic factors driving informal labor in Cuenca and the public policies needed to improve working conditions and promote a fairer and more inclusive economic and social development.Ítem Acceso Abierto Ineficacia de la normativa penal en delitos contra la vida cometidos por adolescentes.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Flores Ordóñez, Pedro Francisco; Pacheco Solano, Jaime Alberto; 0150745792The study of the ineffectiveness of criminal law in crimes against life committed by adolescents generates uncertainty, legal insecurity, discrimination, and impunity for the victim. A significantly high percentage of violations of human rights—fundamental, constitutional, and conventional—of both direct and indirect victims is determined, resulting in impunity proposed by the administration of justice in cases where the offender is an adolescent. Thereby, the hypothesis put forward is verified. By observing a strict analysis of the negative effects of the ineffectiveness of criminal law, the aim is to highlight the erroneous actions of judges supported by a legal framework that does not meet the correct standards for criminal law within our Ecuadorian legislation, which is the Code of Childhood and Adolescence that supplements the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code, where judicial decisions, in turn, lack effectiveness in terms of delivering justice to the victim.Ítem Embargo Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Castillo Ávila, Fátima Carolina; Álvarez Galindo , Rebeca Leticia; Sánchez Sarmiento, Marcela Paz; 0105242531; 0150706729Ítem Embargo Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Azanza Pinzón, Darling Stefania; Piedra, Patricio; 0750502049Ítem Embargo Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Pizarro Atariguana, Juan Carlos; Lalvay Chillo, Lisbeth Alejandra; Clavijo Vergara, Andrés SantiagoÍtem Acceso Abierto Rendición de cuentas en pensiones alimenticias: inexistencia normativa y derecho comparado.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Mora Chicaiza, Bryam Ismael; Gonzales Saltos, Jennifer Ximena; Robles Fernández, Paul Andrés; 0106501927; 0150839496The determination of child support in Ecuador aims to protect the best interests of the child and dignity. However, the Ecuadorian legal system faces limitations regarding effective accountability mechanisms for managing these alimony payments, which can hinder compliance and affect the welfare of the child beneficiary. This article analyzes the possibility of integrating accountability systems, which are applied in other countries, into the framework of the Childhood and Adolescence Code in Ecuador. Based on Article 339 of the General Organic Code of Processes (COGEP, by its Spanish acronym) and Article 2 of the Childhood and Adolescence Code, it is proposed to adopt these mechanisms to improve the administration of child support payments and ensure that resources are used exclusively for the welfare of the child. This approach seeks to promote transparent and effective management, ensuring that allocated funds contribute to the comprehensive development of Ecuadorian children and adolescents.Ítem Acceso Abierto Análisis de la inimputabilidad de los drogodependientes y la falta de política pública para su tratamiento y rehabilitación.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Maldonado Cordero, Leoncio Octavio; Moreno Morejon, Fernando; 0105710453Introduction: Article 364 of the Ecuadorian Constitution prohibits the criminalization of drug users and considers addiction a public health problem. However, there are still regulatory deficiencies to ensure the comprehensive treatment of those affected. Objectives: The study analyzes the non-imputability of drug addicts in Ecuador and the lack of adequate public policies for their treatment and rehabilitation. Methodology: It is used a qualitative and descriptive approach based on documentary review and hermeneutical analysis of legal and scientific sources. Ecuadorian legislation, court rulings, and literature on the treatment of drug addicts in the penal and health systems are examined. Results: Historically, anti-drug policy has oscillated between inquisitorial and holistic approaches. Likewise, although the case study reflects a favorable trend towards these groups (judges must order the transfer of patients to a public or private healthcare center), the minimum terms or deadlines for their admission to the institution are still unclearly defined, even less the criteria for this purpose, except for informed consent. On the other hand, specialized regulations, instead of establishing precise procedures to address this health problem, continue to use vague and imprecise axioms. Conclusions: It is urgent to reform the legal framework and establish detailed procedures that prioritize the treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts or, at least, specific procedures for those cases that could be referred to criminal courts by judges or prosecutors. General study area: Law. Specific area of study: Constitutional Law.Ítem Embargo Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Espinoza Gómez , Alexis Steven; Campoverde Piña, Adriana Fernanda; Monsalve Robalino, Bernardo Xavier; 0107209520; 0105616676Ítem Acceso Abierto Factibilidad de la implementación de mecanismos de justificación del gasto de pensiones alimenticias.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Bermeo Palomeque, Fernando Javier; Siguenza Jara, Edgar Andrés; Carrasco Loyola, Juan José; 0105779755; 0106266075In Ecuador, the oversight of the use of funds allocated for child support is essential to protect the rights of minor beneficiaries. Despite a robust regulatory framework that includes the Constitution and the Code of Childhood and Adolescence, gaps in transparency and accountability in the management of these resources have been identified. This issue is exacerbated by the lack of effective controls, which can lead to the misuse of funds and ultimately compromise the principle of the best interests of the child. In this context, ensuring responsible and transparent management of child support payments becomes a priority for the Ecuadorian justice system. This research analyzes the feasibility of implementing expense justification mechanisms in the Unique System of Child Support Payments (SUPA by its Spanish acronym), exploring international models that provide a comparative framework for evaluating best practices in oversight and accountability. It examines how these proposals can be adapted to the Ecuadorian environment to ensure that resources allocated for the maintenance of minors are used appropriately. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for legislative reforms that strengthen the SUPA through tools that require administrators to justify the allocation of these funds. This aims not only to promote greater responsibility and trust in the child support system but also to reaffirm the commitment to the fundamental rights of minors and the adherence to constitutional and international principles regarding child protection.Ítem Acceso Abierto Estudio sobre la viabilidad y operatividad del arbitraje interno en materia tributaria en Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Argudo Polo, Jorge Alejandro; Ordoñez Chica, Daniel Fernando; Romero Jarrín, Fabián Alejandro; 01050155851; 0107510448Introduction: The Organic Law for Economic Development and Fiscal Sustainability provisions regarding the negotiability of tax obligations revived the debate on the advent of arbitration as an alternative instrument for conflict resolution. Objectives: This study aims to determine the key elements that would allow for its feasibility and eventual implementation. Methodology: In response to the proposed issue, this research adopts a non-experimental qualitative approach and is structured through the exploration and description of regulations, comparative legislation, and other relevant documentation. Subsequently, an analytical method will be employed to contrast the information collected and establish a position on the topic, thus generating innovative and useful knowledge. Results: In that order, the arbitration trajectory experienced in fiscal matters within Ecuadorian legislation was reviewed. In addition, the formal (legal) and informal conditions traditionally used to veto its establishment were analyzed. Next, the international experience of countries such as Portugal, Venezuela, and Colombia was outlined, and the aspects that contributed to their respective successes and failures were identified. Conclusion: From all of this, it is deduced that tax arbitration has no legal or constitutional impediments. Furthermore, the Portuguese model could be a valid reference to establish the institution’s foundations in the country. However, it should be noted that its alignment with the purpose or scope of application provided by the law for transaction or mediation would be detrimental to its impact.
