Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Enfermería
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/91
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Cuidados de enfermería en pacientes con complicaciones post- Cesárea. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Tenezaca Guallpa, Manuel Jesús; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302384987A cesarean section is a surgical procedure involving the extraction of the fetus through an incision in the uterus. This intervention is recommended when vaginal delivery is not viable to safeguard the mother’s life. Various factors can lead to the decision to perform this procedure, including complications that may appear during the postoperative period, highlighting the importance of efficient and quality nursing care. Objective: To analyze nursing care in patients with post-cesarean complications. Method: A systematic review with a descriptive approach was conducted. Following the PRISMA methodology, scientific articles published in the last nine years were used, sourced from databases such as PubMed, Redalyc, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Dialnet, and books that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Key risk factors include age, marital status, educational level, preeclampsia, obesity, diabetes, and fetal aspects such as gestational age, macrosomia, and fetal distress. The most common complications are hemorrhage, infections, and pain. Nursing care focuses on monitoring vital signs, managing hemorrhages, administering medications, and providing emotional support to ensure adequate recovery. Conclusions: Cesarean sections have become a worldwide health issue due to their increasing frequency, caused by various maternal and fetal factors that can lead to complications, for instance, hemorrhage and infections; it underscores the critical role of nursing staff in this context. Keywords: cesarean section, risk factors, post-cesarean complications, nursing careÍtem Acceso Abierto Calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en el distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Romero Guamán, Víctor Manuel; Romero Sacoto, Lilia Azucena; 0302714357Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Objective: To determine the quality of life in adults with Parkinson's Disease. Methodology: A non-experimental, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients with Parkinson's Disease. Instruments: The validated PDQ-39 scale, consisting of 8 dimensions with 39 questions, was used. Data were analyzed using JAMOVI. Results: The average age was 74.9 years; 53% were women, 61% lived in non-adapted housing, 30% were in stage 1 of the disease, and 74% were taking Levodopa. High reliability and validity were demonstrated through Cronbach's alpha, Omega, composite rel iability, Lambda, and Average Extracted Variance, all exceeding 0.8. Most variables indicated a moderate risk, except for stigma and emotional well-being, which showed low risk —no significant differences between observed gender or housing type and quality of life. Quality of life is equally affected in men and women. Conclusions: The mean age was 74.9 years; most were women, and in stage 1 of the disease. The instrument demonstrated high validity and reliability; most dimensions were moderately affected; no significant differences were found between gender and quality of life or between housing type and quality of life. Keywords: quality of life, Parkinson's Disease, prevalence.Ítem Acceso Abierto Adherencia al tratamiento en adultos con enfermedad de Parkinson en el distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Lliguisupa Peláez, Jonnathan David; González León, Fanny Mercedes; 0302694807Background: Adherence to treatment for Parkinson’s disease plays a crucial role in effectively managing the disease and improving the quality of life of those affected. Objective: To identify adherence to treatment in adults with Parkinson’s disease in the 03D01 District, including the cantons of Azogues, Biblían, and Deleg. Methodology: A non-experimental, quantitative, prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted on patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease within the 03D01 Health District Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients. Instruments: The Morisky Green test was used. Results: The mean adherence score of 3.66 suggests that patients with Parkinson’s disease have low adherence. Patients with secondary education demonstrate higher adherence (4.00). Adherence improved with disease progression, reaching a median of 3.88 in stage 4 and 4.25 in stage 5. The presence of a caregiver increased adherence (3.75) compared to those without a caregiver (3.50). Conclusions: In general, the adherence to treatment in patients with Parkinson’s disease is low, negatively impacting their quality of life. Keywords: Adherence, Parkinson’s isease, Prevalence.Ítem Acceso Abierto Calidad de vida y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres post menopáusicas. Biblián y Déleg, marzo-agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) González Rivera,, Nayeli Estefanía; Carangui Tenesela, Henry Patricio; León González, Fanny Mercedes; 0350107397; 0302896741Cardiovascular risk factors are recognized as elements that deteriorate the quality of life in postmenopausal women. Objective: To analyze the quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women in the cantons of Biblián and Déleg from March to August 2024. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study with a quantitative approach. A convenience sample of postmenopausal women was used. Data were collected through surveys and scales such as the SF-36 Health Questionnaire and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Results: The analysis of postmenopausal women revealed a median age of 54.5 years, with a predominance of elementary education (83.5%), married status (88.1%), and residence in Biblián (63.1%). Regarding cardiovascular risks, 43.8% were overweight, 2.8% were obese, and participants presented high abdominal circumference and blood pressure. The assessment of quality of life using the SF-36 yielded a mean score of 83.30, with notably high scores in emotional role and social functioning but lower scores in general health. The MRS demonstrates that 62.5% of participants experienced moderate somatic discomfort, while 52.6% reported severe psychological discomfort, significantly impacting overall quality of life. Conclusion: The quality of life in postmenopausal women shows moderate to severe discomfort, with no significant relationship to cardiovascular or sociodemographic factors. Keywords: quality of life, menopause, women's health, cardiovascular risk factorsÍtem Acceso Abierto Hemorragia obstétrica en el posparto. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Chacón Estrella, Klever Alejandro; González León, Fanny Mercedes; 0105803860Obstetric hemorrhage is defined as the loss of more than 500 ml of blood during vaginal delivery and more than 1000 ml during cesarean delivery. Objective: To determine the prevalence, causes, complications, and nursing care associated with postpartum obstetric hemorrhage. Methodology: This was an analytical, systematic review study conducted through the reading and analysis of scientific literature from the following databases: SciELO, Scopus, Dialnet, Taylor & Francis, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science, focusing on studies published between 2018 and 2023. The quality of the literature was assessed using the CONSORT-2010 checklist. Results: A global prevalence of 80% was identified, with regional rates of 30.8% in Asia, 33.9% in Africa, and 30% in Colombia. In Ecuador, obstetric hemorrhage ranks as the second leading cause of maternal death and is more prevalent in low-income countries. The most common cause is uterine atony (61.5%), and the most frequent complication is hypovolemic shock. Treatment protocols, such as Ecuador's "Score MAMÁ" and the implementation of the Nursing Care Process based on the NANDA NOC-NIC Taxonomy, are essential. Conclusions: The prevalence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) varies, but it is more frequent in developing countries. Uterine atony is the leading cause of PPH, with complications including hypovolemic shock, acute renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Timely nursing intervention is critical for prompt care and reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Keywords: bleeding, hypovolemic shock, code redÍtem Acceso Abierto Manejo de enfermería en el dolor postoperatorio. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Reinoso Minchala, Angelica Mishell; Cordero Zumba, Nancy Beatriz; 0350119624Objective: To analyze the scientific literature on nursing management in postoperative pain. Methodology: A bibliographic review was conducted using specific keyword search strategies in databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Medline, and Elsevier, covering the last 5 years (since 2018) in both Spanish and English. According to the selected databases for the study, 47.37% (9 out of 19) of the articles were sourced from PubMed, 36.84% (7 out of 19) from Scopus, and 15.79% (3 out of 19) from SciELO. Results: Studies on postoperative pain management emphasize the importance of various strategies, including continuous assessment with standardized scales and patient education to improve treatment adherence, and the role of nursing staff. The multimodal approach and implementation of clinical guidelines such as Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) have shown effectiveness, although the lack of standardized protocols and adequate resources may limit outcomes. Nursing professionals face significant challenges due to the absence of clear policies and insufficient training. Moreover, practices vary according to region and individual patient characteristics, highlighting the need to personalize interventions to optimize pain management. Conclusion: Postoperative pain management requires personalized approaches, continuous assessment, and proper training to improve outcomes and treatment adherence. Keywords: postoperative pain, nursing care, pain management, perioperative nursingÍtem Acceso Abierto Nivel de conocimientos sobre el autocuidado del acceso vascular en pacientes que se realizan hemodiálisis. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Rivera Guillen, Irma Vanessa; Merchán Coronel, María Graciela; 0302903257A vascular access is an opening in the skin and a blood vessel; blood flows from the vessel to the machine in the hemodialysis process. The access requires special care to avoid complications for the patient. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge on vascular access self-care through a systematic review. Methodology: A descriptive systematic review was conducted using scientific databases such as SciELO and Dialnet to gather information. Results: After reviewing various scientific sources, 17 research articles were selected, which enabled to deduce that the level of knowledge about self-care of vascular access in hemodialysis patients is determined by factors such as age, educational level, and access to health services. Conclusion: Younger and more educated patients tend to have a better understanding of vascular access self-care; factors such as advanced age, cognitive impairment, lack of family support, and the duration of treatment may negatively affect patients' ability to perform adequate self-care. Keywords: knowledge, vascular access, self-care, hemodialysis.Ítem Acceso Abierto Síntomas no motores en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en el Distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Morquecho Campoverde, Jessica Cristina; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302201769Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, with a worldwide prevalence of 1 to 3%, presenting motor and non-motor symptoms that affect quality of life. Objective: To identify the presence of non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease in district 03D01. Methodology: A non-experimental, quantitative, prospective, observational, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was conducted on patients with Parkinson's diagnosis from health district 03D01. Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients. Instrument: The non-motor symptoms questionnaire was the NMS Quest validated in Spanish. Results: The questionnaire demonstrated high reliability and validity, with values of Cronbach's Alpha at 0.853, McDonald's Omega at 0.856, a Composite Reliability Coefficient of 0.856, factor loadings of 0.854, and an AVE value of 0.50. The prevalent non-motor symptoms are sadness and mood, followed by anxiety and falls; per the patient report, 15.1 symptoms have a symmetrical distribution and moderate variability. Gender has no relevant impact on the presence of non-motor symptoms, and in the stage of the disease, symptoms increase as the Parkinson's stage progresses. Conclusion: The NMS Quest questionnaire is a highly reliable and valid tool for identifying non-motor symptoms, among which affective and other symptoms prevail; the average number of symptoms per patient is 15.1, reflecting the diversity and heterogeneity of the disease. Finally, symptoms worsened as the disease advanced, whereas gender had no notable impact. Keywords: Parkinson's disease, non-motor symptoms, age, gender.Ítem Acceso Abierto Calidad de vida y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres post menopáusicas. Azogues, marzo-agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Mendez Criollo, Johanna Elizabeth; Mendez Cabrera, Mónica Abigail; Gonzalez Leon, Fanny Mercedes; 0302990866; 0302709860Cardiovascular risk factors are identified as elements that deteriorate the quality of life in postmenopausal women. Objective: To analyze the quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women in Azogues from March to August 2024. Methods: This was a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 176 postmenopausal women, using the SF-36 health-related quality of life scale and the MRS menopause-specific quality of life scale. Results: Of the participants, 75.6% were aged between 48 and 59, with elementary education (56.8%). The primary occupations were homemakers (33.5%) or agricultural workers (25.0%). Most lived in rural areas (68.8%) and were married (73.3%). About 72.7% reported moderate discomfort in their quality of life. Factors such as age, rural residency, smoking, and hypertension revealed significant correlations with physical functioning, pain, and vitality. Specifically, age correlated positively with physical functioning (r = 0.242, p = 0.001), while smoking decreased physical functioning (r = -0.191, p = 0.011) and increased pain (r = -0.183, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Factors such as smoking and hypertension negatively impact quality of life, while sociodemographic factors showed no significant correlation with menopausal symptoms. Keywords: quality of life, menopause, women’s health, cardiovascular risk factorsÍtem Acceso Abierto "Conocimientos y prácticas del personal profesional de enfermería sobre el uso de antisépticos en curación de heridas. Azogues, marzo- agosto 2024"(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Landi Guamán, Erika Fernanda; Jachero Tenezaca, Carmen Melissa; Romero Sacoto, Lilia Azucena; 0350337564; 0302725213Antiseptics are chemical agents applied to the skin or living tissues to inhibit microbial growth, primarily used for preventative or therapeutic purposes in wound management. Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge and practices of nursing professionals regarding antiseptic use in wound healing. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 173 nursing professionals who completed a survey validated by De Souza et al. (2014) to evaluate knowledge and practices associated with antiseptic use in wound healing. The instrument employed was a 32-item checklist with dichotomous questions administered through Google Forms using phone contacts. Results: Among participants, 41.4% were aged 31-35, 91.4% were female, 75.9% held higher education level, and 19% worked in inpatient care. While 53.4% demonstrated acceptable knowledge, only 8.6% exhibited excellent knowledge. In terms of practices, 98.3% demonstrated outstanding performance. Concerning women surveyed, 51.7% had satisfactory knowledge, 34.5% of those with higher education had moderate knowledge, and 34.5% of participants with 6-10 years of experience exhibited proper knowledge and excellent practices. Conclusions: The survey findings indicate that 41.5% of respondents were aged 31-35, 91.4% were female, with less than five years of work experience, higher education level, and employed in inpatient care, 53.4% held appropriate knowledge, and 98.3% demonstrated excellent practices. Keywords: antiseptic, knowledge and practices, wound healing, nursing.Ítem Acceso Abierto Causas, consecuencias e intervenciones de enfermería en los trastornos del sueño en adultos mayores. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Guamán Guaillas, Ruth Elizabeth; Romero Galabay , Ignacia Margarita; 1950115947Introduction: The World Health Organization indicates an increase in sleep problems or disorders, especially in older age, which should be more deeply analyzed as a public health issue. Objective: To determine the causes, consequences, and nursing interventions for sleep disorders in older adults. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method in scientific databases of relevance to identify the causes, consequences, and nursing interventions for sleep disorders in older adults. Results: Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in adults over 65, especially among females, and include difficulties in falling or staying asleep. Lack of companionship for daytime activities can impair sleep quality, while anxiety and depression impact cognition and reduce energy levels for daily activities. Nursing staff apply care based on the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Taxonomy by theorist Marjorie Gordon, which includes physical and emotional health activities, such as establishing a bedtime routine, removing stressful situations, and adjusting environmental factors like light, noise, temperature, mattress, and bed to improve sleep. Conclusion: Insomnia is a common condition involving various factors, including physiological issues, comorbidities, and psychological, social, and environmental aspects. Poor sleep quality affects the quality of life in older adults. Keywords: disorders, sleep, older adult, nursing, causeÍtem Acceso Abierto Diseño y validación del Inventario de Riesgo Biopsicosocial para personal de enfermería (IRBSEN)(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Saltos Reinoso , Walter Fabian; Yambay Bautista, Xavier Rodrigo; 0303139307Objective: This study aimed at designing and validating an instrument to measure biopsychosocial risk in nursing staff. Methodology: The validation of the content was conducted through the judgments of five experts, and then a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to validate the structure of the questionnaire, composed of 12 items, and the McDonald omega coefficient to assess its reliability, in a sample of 207 participants working as nursing staff in health facilities in five Ecuadorian cities. Results: The factor analysis revealed that a second-order one-factor model with three dimensions (biological, psychological, and social) had a better fit than a single-factor model, with fit indicators within desirable values: X2 /g.l.b= 1.72; p-value= 0.221; RMSEA= 0.059; SRMR= 0.074; CFI= 0.99; TLI= 0.987. The omega coefficient was 0.90, indicating high internal consistency. Conclusion: The instrument demonstrated a robust and reliable structure to measure biopsychosocial risk in nursing staff, with an adequate representation of the three dimensions and high precision in measuring the construct. Keywords: Instrument validity; biopsychosocial risk; internal consistency; constructÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores asociados a depresión y ansiedad en pacientes de una unidad renal privada de la ciudad de Azogues. Marzo – agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Castro Tapia, Andrea Cristina; Dután Carangui, Lisseth Estefanía; Merchán Coronel, María Graciela; 0302492319; 0350092821Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is defined by the presence of structural or functional renal abnormalities that persist for more than three months. Hemodialysis is the most common method for treating CKD. However, the therapeutic regimen, along with disease progression and associated complications, has been linked to psychological issues such as anxiety and depression. Objective: To determine the factors associated with depression and anxiety in patients receiving hemodialysis treatment at a private renal unit in Azogues in 2024. Methodology: This is a non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional study conducted on patients of the Private Renal Unit of Azogues, Ecuador. The study population comprises all 104 patients undergoing hemodialysis, defined according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The levels of depression and anxiety were predominantly mild, affecting 49% of patients. Depression and anxiety were more prevalent in men at 60.6%, particularly in the age group of 61–70 years at b68.3%. Married individuals were the most affected group at 67.3%, and 50% of patients had been undergoing hemodialysis for 1–3 years. Conclusion: Levels of depression and anxiety show a significant tendency to develop concerning sociodemographic factors. Keywords: anxiety, depression, hemodialysis, chronic kidney diseaseÍtem Acceso Abierto Violencia en el noviazgo en adolescentes del cantón Azogues.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Castillo Correa , Mirian Francisca; Ramírez Coronel, Andrés Alexis; 1900672112Introduction: Gender-based violence is an increasingly prevalent issue in society, manifesting in physical, psychological, or social forms and disproportionately impacting vulnerable individuals. Objective: To determine the prevalence of dating violence among adolescents in Azogues. Methodology: This study is observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional, with a sample of 263 adolescents. Results: The instrument demonstrated construct and discriminant validity, along with a high level of reliability. Of the participants, 61% were female, most identified as mestizo, 76% lived with their family, and 68% reported a middle socioeconomic status. Findings revealed that 33% experienced coercion in their relationships, 27% were subjected to sexual violence, 45% to humiliation, 63% to isolation, and 45% to physical violence. Significant differences were found in the mean scores across the five dimensions of violence, as well as correlations between physical violence and coercion and between coercion and humiliation. Conclusions: The questionnaire proved highly reliable, most participants were female third-year high school students from middle-income nuclear families. A high prevalence of psychological violence was observed, potentially serving as a precursor to physical violence. Correlations were identified between physical violence and coercion, as well as between coercion and humiliation. Keywords: Violence, dating, adolescent, physical, psychologicalÍtem Acceso Abierto Calidad de la atención en los establecimientos de salud del Distrito 03D01 marzo – agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Fernández Ube, María José; Rodríguez Aldaz, Noreidy Maribel; Yambay Bautista, Xavier Rodrigo; 0302984653; 1950056729Introduction: Quality of care is crucial for achieving desired health outcomes for individuals and populations. Objective: To evaluate the quality of care in public health facilities of District 03D01 from March to August 2024. Methodology: The study was observational, including 318 patient records from the appointment system of the Ministry of Public Health facility in District 03D01. The "Service Quality Perception" instrument (SERVQUAL model) was applied. Results: Most patients were women (59.5%) and urban residents (56.6%). Secondary education predominated (38.7%). Regarding occupation, the majority worked in the public sector (22.5%) or were self-employed (22.9%). Among health centers, 24.8% visited Biblián and 23.9% Déleg. About 81.1% arrived in 19 minutes to the facility. The primary reason for consultation was for preventive care (79.9%). About 90.3% received follow-up care, and 73.6% used general medicine services. Concerning service perception, 28.0% were satisfied with the equipment's modernity and cleanliness, and 30.2% valued cleanliness and hygiene. Additionally, 33.6% found the staff's willingness to solve problems adequately. Perception of care was related to the health facility, travel time, care frequency, and service type. Conclusion: Overall, the perception was neutral, suggesting a need for strategies to improve the quality of healthcare. Keywords: Health care perception, demographic variables, health services, frequency of care, type of consultationÍtem Acceso Abierto Salud digital: Oportunidades y desafíos. Revisión sistemática. Universidad Católica de Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Guapacasa Criollo , José Luis; Yambay Bautista, Xavier Rodrigo; 0106196629Digital health involves using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in healthcare. This research aimed to analyze the usefulness of digital health in healthcare settings. The methodological design consisted of a systematic review following the guidelines of the PRISMA 2020 statement. The search was conducted in scientific databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, using key terms in Spanish and English, combined with Boolean operators to identify documents published in the last seven years according to specific inclusion criteria to select relevant studies. The results from 19 publications that met the inclusion criteria explain a marked trend toward using digital health tools, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, challenges or barriers include internet access, financial difficulties, and the perception of impersonal care. It is concluded that digital health and its tools have improved access to healthcare services, especially in remote and resource-limited areas, permitting patients to receive medical care without traveling. It is particularly beneficial for vulnerable populations and in public health emergencies. Keywords: Digital Health, Telemedicine, Health Technology Opportunities, Barriers to Access to Health Services.Ítem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo en la depresión posparto(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Faican Mora, Verónica Patricia; Godoy Duran , Elvia Narcisa; 0106030885Postpartum depression is a pathological condition that alters mood, behavior, and temperament and can occur between the second and eighth week after childbirth; in some cases, it can extend up to a year later. Objective: To analyze the risk factors for postpartum depression. Methodology: This is a systematic review based on 53 publications obtained from scientific sources such as Scopus, PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Redalyc, and SciELO. Results: Among the primary risk factors for developing postpartum depression include being under 30 years of age, a history of violence, depression, and abortions, lack of family support, traumatic experiences during childbirth and breastfeeding, economic status, and unplanned pregnancy. Conclusion: In Latin America, Mexico has the highest prevalence of postpartum depression, followed by Peru and Ecuador. It is very noticeable that manifestations such as sadness and crying, anxiety, frustration or guilt, difficulty in falling asleep, and emotional lability are factors that should be immediately considered after childbirth because they may be conditioning factors that trigger postpartum depression. Keywords: risk factors; depression; postpartum; manifestations; incidence.Ítem Acceso Abierto Intervenciones de enfermería para la prevención y manejo del consumo de sustancias. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Simbaina Acero , Jéssica Sofía; Romero Galabay, Ignacia Margarita; 0302892245Nursing interventions are activities with clinical criteria and knowledge performed by a nursing professional for patient care. The consumption of harmful substances such as alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs is a severe public health problem considered a challenge in the field of health. Objective: To determine nursing interventions related to managing and preventing substance consumption. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted on nursing interventions for managing and preventing substance consumption. The research used the PRISMA method and specialized databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Redalyc, Google Scholar, Bibliotechnia, LILACS, and Web of Science. Results: A total of 960 articles related to the topic were identified; 394 articles were excluded for not meeting inclusion criteria, 284 were discarded, and 56 were eliminated due to irrelevance or duplication; 54 articles were selected since they met the criteria. Conclusions: It was identified that the prevalence of substance consumption exceeds 50% in all ages, with the most commonly consumed substances being alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Consumption factors vary by region, and its effects can lead to cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer. Nursing interventions include promotional and preventive activities tailored to the needs of each individual. Keywords: nursing care, addiction, intervention, consumption factors.Ítem Acceso Abierto Mortalidad Materna: Una revisión sistemática a la realidad latinoamericana(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Clavijo Cuzco, Marcia Elizabeth; Merchán Coronel, María Graciela; 0302681275Maternal mortality is considered as the death of a woman while she is pregnant or within 42 days after the termination of pregnancy; it has become a health problem in several Latin American countries as well as worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of maternal mortality in Latin America through a systematic review of available scientific evidence. The methodology was descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional, investigating bibliographic and documentary sources and reviewing scientific bases, which enabled the use of the PRISMA method. The results evidenced that the prevalence of maternal mortality in Latin America is 85.2 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births due to complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Keywords: maternal mortality, neonates, pregnancy, maternal healthÍtem Acceso Abierto Shock séptico en pacientes críticos. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) González Estrella, Karla Ximena; Vásquez Cárdenas , Andrés Leonardo; 0350197406
