Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Enfermería
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/91
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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Experiencia de los estudiantes de enfermería en la aplicación de la taxonomía nanda noc y nic durante las prácticas en unidades hospitalarias, periodo septiembre 2024- febrero 2025. Revisión de Campo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-23) Sotamba Reinoso, Katherine Lisset; Cárdenas Sucuzhañay, Lesslie Pamela; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0350138269; 0302225461Background: The application of the NANDA, NOC, and NIC taxonomies during hospital internships is essential for developing clinical skills and critical thinking in nursing students. However, their implementation is limited by insufficient resources, inadequate supervision, and variations in knowledge levels. Objective: To determine the experience of nursing students in applying the NANDA, NOC, and NIC taxonomies during internships in hospital units. Methods: A descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional design was employed. The sample consisted of 145 nursing students from the third to the ninth academic semester at the Azogues Campus. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the APEIS-08 instrument (α = 0.854) were applied. Data were analyzed in SPSS through frequencies, percentages, and Pearson’s chi-square test for correlations. Results: Sociodemographic characterization showed a predominance of students aged 19 to 23 years (84.8%), predominantly female (77.9%), with the sixth (25.5%) and eighth (16.6%) semesters showing the highest representation. Most students (58.6%) completed their practical training at ‘Homero Castanier Crespo’ Hospital. Regarding knowledge levels on the nursing care process, 55.2% demonstrated a medium level, 43.4% a low level, and 1.4% a high level. In terms of attitudes, 44.8% were positive and 38.6% neutral. For skills, 40% reached an intermediate level, 30.3% a high level, and 29.7% a low level. A significant association was found between academic semester and both knowledge (p = 0.002) and attitudes (p = 0.001); no association was observed with age, gender, or internship institution. Conclusion: The study revealed conceptual limitations in knowledge, intermediate skill levels, and favorable attitudes that directly affect the quality of care provided. Keywords: students, nursing care, standardized nursing terminology, hospital unitsItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Determinantes del estrés laboral y nivel de riesgo psicosocial en docentes universitarios de medicina y enfermería de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Campus Azogues marzo-agosto 2025(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-22) Huillcatanda Jerez, Johanna del Rocio; Paida Yumbla, Johanna Lisseth; Yambay Bautista, Xavier Rodrigo; 0350126249; 0350188629Work-related stress and psychosocial risk have a direct impact on the health, well-being, and performance of university faculty. Identifying these factors is essential for implementing prevention strategies and promoting healthy work environments. However, their magnitude and associated factors vary depending on the context, academic program, and characteristics of the work environment. Objective: To analyze the determinants of work-related stress and psychosocial risk in medicine and nursing faculty at the Catholic University of Cuenca, Azogues campus, during March-August 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted with 81 professors. Stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and psychosocial risk using the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS). Sociodemographic and work-related data were collected, and associations were analyzed using Pearson correlations, Student's t-tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The sample was predominantly female (58%) with a mean age of 38.7 years. Most participants reported low stress (56.8%) and low psychosocial risk (76.5%), although nursing faculty showed greater helplessness and lower self-efficacy than medical professors. A significant negative correlation was found between perceived stress and dimensions of psychosocial risks, particularly with workload and pace of work (r = -0.49; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results confirm that academic and work factors influence teacher stress and psychosocial risk. Although overall levels are low, certain specific determinants require preventive attention. These findings provide valuable evidence for workplace wellness strategies and future research in similar contexts. Keywords: health determinants, work-related stress, risk factors, psychosocial functioning, university facultyItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Intervenciones de enfermería en adolescentes con desórdenes alimenticios. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-21) Iñiguez Samaniego, Claribel Dalila; Cordero Zumba, Nancy Beatriz; 0107101321Introduction: Eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, represent a health problem that affects the physical, psychological, and social levels of adolescents. Nurses play a key role in prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To describe nursing interventions in adolescents with eating disorders reported in the literature through a systematic review based on the PRISMA protocol from the past five years. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA framework. Databases consulted included Dialnet, Elsevier, SciELO, PubMed, MDPI, and Springer.eSH and DeCS descriptors were used combined with Boolean operators. Inclusion criteria were applied:(2018-2024, open-access availability, full-text articles, and content in Spanish or English). Results: Most studies reported a predominance of female adolescents and ages between 13 to 17 years. Nursing interventions identified included nutritional education, psychosocial therapy, emotional support, family participation, clinical monitoring, and the use of NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC taxonomies. In binge eating disorder, greater use of group and digital modalities was observed. Conclusion: Nursing interventions for adolescents with EDs require a comprehensive, individualized approach to each diagnosis, combining clinical, educational, and family strategies to promote recovery and prevent relapses Keywords: Eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, nursing careItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Factores asociados a la adherencia a la medicación para psicofármacos en adultos con trastornos mentales(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-17) Verdugo González, Cristhian Javier; Moreno Rodríguez, Katherine Gisela; Ramírez Coronel, Andrés Alexi; 0350227468; 03026358031Introduction: Adherence to psychotropic medication in adults is a global problem, considered a public health challenge affecting millions of adults. Objective: The study aims to determine the factors associated with adherence to psychotropic medication in adults with mental disorders. Methodology: A quantitative, non-experimental, comparative study with a retrospective cohort was conducted with a sample of 362 patients. The Morisky-Green scale was applied to measure adherence to psychotropic drugs. Results: Adherence to psychotropic drugs was low, at 60.2%. The relationship between the group of drugs and levels of adherence was low for anticholinergics 2.8% and similar for sedatives 0.5%. Thus, it can be inferred that the type of medication does not condition adherence. Associated factors included chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, with low adherence. Keywords. associated factors, adherence, psychotropic drugs, adults, mental disorders.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Adherencia a la medicación para psicofármacos en adultos ecuatorianos con trastornos mentales(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-16) Gómez Aponte, Luis Alexander; Zhunaula Sánchez , Bryan Patricio; Ramírez Coronel, Andrés; 0750146086; 0106562861Introducción: En el tratamiento de trastornos mentales la adherencia farmacológica es fundamental, pues contribuye al éxito terapéutico y al pronóstico de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Determinar la adherencia a la medicación Morinsky (MMAS-8) para psicofármacos en adultos con trastornos mentales ecuatorianos. Metodología: Se ejecutó un enfoque investigativo cuantitativo, no experimental de tipo comparativo con cohorte retrospectivo. De los 363 pacientes recogidos de la base de datos, en cuanto a la muestra el 54,8% son mujeres (n = 199) y el 45,2% hombres (n = 164). Resultados: La escala de Morisky es una herramienta válida para medir adherencia en el manejo y tratamiento de los trastornos mentales, especialmente cuando se utilizan psicofármacos; el estudio demuestra que gran parte de los pacientes presentó adherencia baja al tratamiento (60,1%), una adherencia media de (38,3%) y sólo el 1,7% tuvo una alta adherencia. En cuanto a la prevalencia se analizó por género, observando una baja adherencia en las mujeres (35,3%) en comparación que los hombres con (24,8%). Dentro del grupo medicamentoso se obtuvo baja adherencia en antidepresivos, en consecuencia, el tipo de medicación no influyó de manera determinante en la adherencia de los participantes. Conclusión: La escala de Morisky MMAS-8 demostró ser eficaz en la valoración de la adherencia al tratamiento, permitiendo identificar a los pacientes que podrían estar enfrentando dificultades para seguir sus hábitos de medicación. La cual se sugiere el uso de esta herramienta primordial para mejorar los tratamientos en salud mental.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Determinantes del estrés laboral y nivel de riesgo psicosocial en docentes de Enfermería de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cañar, La Troncal y Macas, marzo-agosto 2025(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-10-14) Dután Tacuri , Emily Elizabeth; Vázquez Méndez , Jéssica Elizabeth; Yambay Bautista, Xavier Rodrigo; 0350167987; 0350091559Work-related stress is a global health issue that negatively impacts productivity and well-being. In the teaching field, it has intensified due to work overload and a lack of resources. Objective: To establish the determinants of work-related stress and the level of psychosocial risk among nursing faculty members at the Catholic University of Cuenca on its four campuses. Methods: A descriptive-correlational cross-sectional research study with a quantitative approach was conducted. The sample consisted of sixty-five faculty members. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Psychosocial Risk Questionnaire (CRPS) from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Labor were used. Results: Most faculty members presented low levels of stress (53.9%) and psychosocial risk (81.5%). However, significant associations were identified between work stress and profession, work campus, and contractual status. A significant negative correlation was found between stress and the number of dependent children. Conclusion: Although most faculty members remain resilient, subgroups vulnerable to stress were identified. Employment status and specific sociodemographic and professional characteristics are key determinants of stress, showing a relationship with psychosocial risk. Keywords: Health Determinant, Work Stress, Risk Factor, Psychosocial Functioning, ProfessorsItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Aspectos ético-legales en el cuidado de enfermería.Revisión sistematica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-07-16) Vélez Timbi, Nicole Lizbeth; Yambay Bautista, Xavier Rodrigo; 0106146244Background: Ethical-legal aspects are fundamental to nursing practice, as they ensure the quality of care, the protection of patient rights, and professional responsibility. Objective: To analyze the ethical-legal aspects of nursing care through a systematic review based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to analyze the ethical and legal aspects in nursing. Studies published between 2015 and 2024 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were included; non-peer-reviewed publications were excluded. The search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and LILACS using MeSH/DeCS terms. The selection process included three phases: identification, screening, and inclusion, which were documented using the PRISMA diagram. Relevant data were extracted in Excel, and a narrative synthesis of the main findings was elaborated. Results: Twenty-one studies were included, addressing three main areas: bioethical principles, regulatory frameworks, and ethical dilemmas. Uneven application of bioethical principles was observed, influenced by the level of training and institutional support. Legal frameworks, especially in Latin America, were found to be fragmented and outdated. Ethical dilemmas were frequent in critical contexts where institutional guidance was scarce. Conclusions: Ethics in nursing requires a comprehensive approach that integrates practical training, current regulations, and organizational structures that support clinical decision-making. It highlights the need for policies that strengthen the ethical and legal components of nursing practice. Keywords: bioethics, nursing ethics, legal standards.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , “AUTOPERCEPCIÓN SOBRE SEXUALIDAD EN ADULTOS MAYORES. REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA Y META ANÁLISIS”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-23) Chuqui Salazar, Karla Tatiana; Guamán Guerrero, Lissbeth del Rocío; Altamirano Cárdenas, Luis Francisco; 0302495320; 0350152880Background: Sexuality in older adults has historically been an overlooked topic in scientific research, despite its influence on overall well-being. Substantial gaps remain in the literature regarding how age, cultural norms, and social stigmas affect sexual self- perception in this population. Objective: To identify the self-perception of sexuality among older adults, focusing on cultural, socioeconomic, and demographic factors, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The systematic review focused on empirical studies and reviews published between 2019 and 2024 that analyzed sexual self-perception in older adults, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results: The 20 studies included revealed that sexuality in older adults is a complex dimension influenced by cultural, emotional, physical, and social factors. Sexual self-perception is often conditioned by sexual education, emotional health, and access to information. Attitudes toward sexuality vary based on family context, religious beliefs, and social environment. Significant differences were also observed based on gender, age, and marital status. Finally, a strong association between sexual expression and overall well-being was identified, highlighting the importance of addressing it from a comprehensive perspective. Conclusion: Sexuality in old age requires holistic attention, considering biopsychosocial factors that influence experience, perception, and well-being. Keywords: older adults, sexual behavior, self-perception, socioeconomic factors, public healthItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Aplicación del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería en Adultos Mayores con trastornos mentales. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Arcentales Verdugo, Jessenia Marisol; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302322367Introduction: Mental disorders in older adults pose a significant challenge to modern public health. They are a cause of morbidity and result in high levels of disability, representing a burden for families, society, and the country. The nursing role is crucial in applying the Nursing Care Process to ensure the delivery of quality care. Objective: To analyze the application of the nursing care process in older adults with mental disorders. Methods: A systematic review with a descriptive approach was conducted. The selection of articles followed the PRISMA flow diagram. Scientific articles published in the last seven years were reviewed across databases, including SciELO, Dialnet, ResearchGate, Redalyc, Scopus, and LILACS, using Boolean operators AND, OR, and NOT. Results: The prevalent mental disorders identified were depression, anxiety, and Alzheimer’s disease/dementia. The main NANDA (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) diagnoses included anxiety, memory impairment, chronic confusion, acute confusion, chronic distress, sleep pattern disorder, social isolation, self-care deficit: feeding, risk of injury. Regarding the application of the PAE (PAE by its Spanish acronym) using the NANDA, NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification), and NIC (Nursing Interventions Classification) taxonomies, not all studies applied the nursing process in full. A nursing care plan was developed, focusing on the primary problems presented by patients with these conditions. Mental disorders significantly impact the health of older adults, making it essential to implement the NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC taxonomies, which directly influence the quality of life of this vulnerable population. Keywords: Mental disorders, frail older adults, nursing care, NANDA-I terminology, NIC, NOCItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Cáncer de mama en Latinoamérica Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Yupa Allaico , Jomayra Yadira; Cordero Zumba, Nancy Beatriz; 0302642319Introduction: Breast cancer is a serious public health issue in Latin America, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Understanding its characteristics, risk factors, and complications is crucial for implementing effective prevention and management strategies. Objective: To analyze the characteristics of breast cancer in Latin America in recent years based on a systematic literature review. Methodology: A descriptive study with a retrospective quantitative approach was conducted. The methodology included different articles published between 2019 and 2024 in databases such as Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, SciELO, and PubMed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied for the selection of studies. Results: The results showed a high prevalence of breast cancer in Latin America, ranging from 14% to almost 40%. The risk factors identified were age over forty, obesity, family history, alcoholism, smoking, and late menopause. Regarding the role of nursing, shortcomings were identified in training for emotional support, and a standardized care plan was proposed. Conclusion: Breast cancer is a public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality. It is essential that women undergo preventive screening to enable early diagnosis and effective treatment by health professionals. Keywords: breast cancer, prevalence, risk factors, complications, nursing role.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Calidad del sueño en los adultos mayores de los cantones Biblián y Déleg en el periodo noviembre 2023 – febrero 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Sánchez Sagbaicela, Ximena Guadalupe; Pogyo Morocho, Gloria Luzmila; 0106314867Background: Older adults are prone to experience from various sleep disturbances that affect their physical and mental health, leading to the suffering of diseases associated with this problem. Objective: To evaluate the quality of sleep in older adults in the cantons of Biblián and Déleg in the period November 2023 - February 2024. Method: A descriptive, non-experimental, quantitative, and cross-sectional research was conducted with a sample of 94 older adults, calculated using the EpiInfo program by applying the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Results: The risk factors were: having nightmares (60.6%), getting up to go to the bathroom (59.6%), and feeling cold (58.5%). The clinical manifestations were: nocturnal awakenings (59.6%), daytime sleepiness (53.2%), and difficulty falling asleep (47.9%). Related to this, it is noteworthy that 69% of the study group reported some difficulty falling asleep, while 31% reported no difficulty. The quality of sleep was quite poor for 67%, while 30.9% reported it was good and 2.1% very poor. Conclusions: It is very crucial to know and identify sleep disorders in older adults because the lack of attention and prevention can result in other pathologies that affect especially their mental health. Keywords: older adults, sleep quality, risk factorsItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Epidemiología del Cáncer en la provincia del Cañar, 2017-2021(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Rodríguez Morquecho, Jonnathan Sebastián; Uzhca Sanango, Daniela Isabel; Latacela Lligui, Gloria Alexandra; 0350019774; 0350115127Cancer is defined as the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant organs. It is the leading cause of mortality in the Americas, responsible for 1.4 million deaths in 2022, with projections estimating an increase to 6.7 million deaths by 2045. Objective: To analyze the epidemiology of cancer in Cañar Province, highlighting the most prevalent cancer types, their distribution by sex, age, area of residence, and the healthcare facilities where patients received care. Methods: A descriptive, quantitative, and observational study was conducted using publicly available secondary data from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC, by its Spanish acronym). Sampling was not required due to the use of secondary data. Results: An increase in cancer cases was observed among the elderly population, particularly among women. Malignant gastric tumors predominated at 14.3%, followed by prostate tumors at 9.7%, malignant tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts at 4.6%, malignant brain tumors at 4.2%, and malignant pancreatic tumors at 3.8%. In conclusion, the need to implement prevention and early detection strategies is highlighted, as well as to improve health education programs to reduce associated risk factors. This study highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary intervention to address the cancer burden in the region. Keywords: cancer, epidemiology, mortality, prevention.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Prevalencia y factores de riesgo en dificultad respiratoria del recién nacido en el hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Azogues mayo 2024 – abril 2025(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-19) Cabrera León, Nayeli Lissbeth; Rocano Sanmartín, Yadira Marisol; Cardenas, Lilia Azucena; 0302495114; 0302502893; Cardenas, MelissaAccording to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC by its Spanish acronym), respiratory pathologies accounted for 10% to 15% of neonatal deaths in 2020. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) at the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital in Azogues. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and treatments administered to neonates diagnosed with NRDS. The study involved the review of 296 anonymized medical records from the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital. Data were collected through a structured form containing the variables of interest. Results: The prevalence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome over the five-year period was 15.07%. The average maternal age ranged between 25 and 26 years, with a mean gestational age of 36.25 weeks, an average birth weight of 2,690 grams, and a mean Apgar score of 7.8 at one minute post-delivery. Cesarean sections accounted for 65% of births, 54% of mothers were multiparous, and 54.05% were diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Premature rupture of membranes was absent in 94% of cases. Regarding the sex of the neonates, 66% were male. A statistically significant association was found between the Apgar score at one minute and fetal distress (p = 0.001). The treatments administered included oxygen therapy in 43% of cases, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 33.45%, and mechanical ventilation in 7.43%. Conclusion: The identified risk factors for neonatal respiratory distress included cesarean delivery, multiparity, maternal urinary tract infection, and male sex of the newborn. The most frequently administered treatment was oxygen therapy. Keywords: respiratory distress syndrome, prevalence, newborn.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Revisión sistemáticas y metaanálisis del síndrome metabólico y riesgo de cáncer en adultos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-19) Ludizaca Llerena, Gina Paola; Naranjo Guallpa, Ana Gabriela; Cardenas, Melissa; 0302396338; 0350300059; González León, Fanny MercedesMetabolic syndrome is a cluster of signs and symptoms characterized by a multifactorial disorder that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Objective: To examine the scientific literature on metabolic syndrome and cancer risk in adults through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using scientific databases from 2020 to 2025, including PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Dialnet, Google Scholar, and Redalyc, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria comprised studies published in English and Spanish. Results: Sixteen articles were included in the study. The findings revealed a significant association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and various types of cancer, particularly gastrointestinal, breast, prostate, and endometrial cancers. The meta-analysis indicated that individuals with MS have a higher relative risk of developing cancer, with odds ratios and hazard ratios, in some cases, doubling or tripling the risk. The most influential variables were sex, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance. In Latin America, a high prevalence of MS was identified in people with cancer, highlighting its role as a significant comorbidity. Internationally, cohort studies confirmed this relationship, reinforcing the importance of preventive interventions. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is a relevant risk factor for various types of cancer in adults. Early identification and management may contribute to reducing the cancer burden, particularly in populations with high rates of obesity and metabolic disorders. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, cancer, risk factors, prevalence, diseaseItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Revisión sistemáticas y metaanálisis del síndrome metabólico y riesgo de cáncer en adultos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-13) Ludizaca Llerena, Gina Paola; Naranjo Guallpa, Ana Gabriela; González León, Fanny Mercedes; 0302396338; 0350300059Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of signs and symptoms characterized by a multifactorial disorder that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Objective: To examine the scientific literature on metabolic syndrome and cancer risk in adults through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using scientific databases from 2020 to 2025, including PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Dialnet, Google Scholar, and Redalyc, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria comprised studies published in English and Spanish. Results: Sixteen articles were included in the study. The findings revealed a significant association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and various types of cancer, particularly gastrointestinal, breast, prostate, and endometrial cancers. The meta-analysis indicated that individuals with MS have a higher relative risk of developing cancer, with odds ratios and hazard ratios, in some cases, doubling or tripling the risk. The most influential variables were sex, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance. In Latin America, a high prevalence of MS was identified in people with cancer, highlighting its role as a significant comorbidity. Internationally, cohort studies confirmed this relationship, reinforcing the importance of preventive interventions. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is a relevant risk factor for various types of cancer in adults. Early identification and management may contribute to reducing the cancer burden, particularly in populations with high rates of obesity and metabolic disorders. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, cancer, risk factors, prevalence, diseaseItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Prevalencia y factores de riesgo en dificultad respiratoria del recién nacido en el hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Azogues mayo 2024 – abril 2025(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-12) Cabrera León, Nayeli Lissbeth; Rocano Sanmartín, Yadira Marisol; Romero Sacoto, Lilia Azucena; 0302495114; 0302502893According to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC by its Spanish acronym), respiratory pathologies accounted for 10% to 15% of neonatal deaths in 2020. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) at the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital in Azogues. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and treatments administered to neonates diagnosed with NRDS. The study involved the review of 296 anonymized medical records from the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital. Data were collected through a structured form containing the variables of interest. Results: The prevalence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome over the five-year period was 15.07%. The average maternal age ranged between 25 and 26 years, with a mean gestational age of 36.25 weeks, an average birth weight of 2,690 grams, and a mean Apgar score of 7.8 at one minute post-delivery. Cesarean sections accounted for 65% of births, 54% of mothers were multiparous, and 54.05% were diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Premature rupture of membranes was absent in 94% of cases. Regarding the sex of the neonates, 66% were male. A statistically significant association was found between the Apgar score at one minute and fetal distress (p = 0.001). The treatments administered included oxygen therapy in 43% of cases, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 33.45%, and mechanical ventilation in 7.43%. Conclusion: The identified risk factors for neonatal respiratory distress included cesarean delivery, multiparity, maternal urinary tract infection, and male sex of the newborn. The most frequently administered treatment was oxygen therapy. Keywords: respiratory distress syndrome, prevalence, newborn.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Cuidados de enfermería en pacientes con complicaciones post- Cesárea. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Tenezaca Guallpa, Manuel Jesús; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302384987A cesarean section is a surgical procedure involving the extraction of the fetus through an incision in the uterus. This intervention is recommended when vaginal delivery is not viable to safeguard the mother’s life. Various factors can lead to the decision to perform this procedure, including complications that may appear during the postoperative period, highlighting the importance of efficient and quality nursing care. Objective: To analyze nursing care in patients with post-cesarean complications. Method: A systematic review with a descriptive approach was conducted. Following the PRISMA methodology, scientific articles published in the last nine years were used, sourced from databases such as PubMed, Redalyc, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Dialnet, and books that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Key risk factors include age, marital status, educational level, preeclampsia, obesity, diabetes, and fetal aspects such as gestational age, macrosomia, and fetal distress. The most common complications are hemorrhage, infections, and pain. Nursing care focuses on monitoring vital signs, managing hemorrhages, administering medications, and providing emotional support to ensure adequate recovery. Conclusions: Cesarean sections have become a worldwide health issue due to their increasing frequency, caused by various maternal and fetal factors that can lead to complications, for instance, hemorrhage and infections; it underscores the critical role of nursing staff in this context. Keywords: cesarean section, risk factors, post-cesarean complications, nursing careItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en el distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Romero Guamán, Víctor Manuel; Romero Sacoto, Lilia Azucena; 0302714357Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Objective: To determine the quality of life in adults with Parkinson's Disease. Methodology: A non-experimental, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients with Parkinson's Disease. Instruments: The validated PDQ-39 scale, consisting of 8 dimensions with 39 questions, was used. Data were analyzed using JAMOVI. Results: The average age was 74.9 years; 53% were women, 61% lived in non-adapted housing, 30% were in stage 1 of the disease, and 74% were taking Levodopa. High reliability and validity were demonstrated through Cronbach's alpha, Omega, composite rel iability, Lambda, and Average Extracted Variance, all exceeding 0.8. Most variables indicated a moderate risk, except for stigma and emotional well-being, which showed low risk —no significant differences between observed gender or housing type and quality of life. Quality of life is equally affected in men and women. Conclusions: The mean age was 74.9 years; most were women, and in stage 1 of the disease. The instrument demonstrated high validity and reliability; most dimensions were moderately affected; no significant differences were found between gender and quality of life or between housing type and quality of life. Keywords: quality of life, Parkinson's Disease, prevalence.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Adherencia al tratamiento en adultos con enfermedad de Parkinson en el distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Lliguisupa Peláez, Jonnathan David; González León, Fanny Mercedes; 0302694807Background: Adherence to treatment for Parkinson’s disease plays a crucial role in effectively managing the disease and improving the quality of life of those affected. Objective: To identify adherence to treatment in adults with Parkinson’s disease in the 03D01 District, including the cantons of Azogues, Biblían, and Deleg. Methodology: A non-experimental, quantitative, prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted on patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease within the 03D01 Health District Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients. Instruments: The Morisky Green test was used. Results: The mean adherence score of 3.66 suggests that patients with Parkinson’s disease have low adherence. Patients with secondary education demonstrate higher adherence (4.00). Adherence improved with disease progression, reaching a median of 3.88 in stage 4 and 4.25 in stage 5. The presence of a caregiver increased adherence (3.75) compared to those without a caregiver (3.50). Conclusions: In general, the adherence to treatment in patients with Parkinson’s disease is low, negatively impacting their quality of life. Keywords: Adherence, Parkinson’s isease, Prevalence.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Calidad de vida y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres post menopáusicas. Biblián y Déleg, marzo-agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) González Rivera,, Nayeli Estefanía; Carangui Tenesela, Henry Patricio; León González, Fanny Mercedes; 0350107397; 0302896741Cardiovascular risk factors are recognized as elements that deteriorate the quality of life in postmenopausal women. Objective: To analyze the quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women in the cantons of Biblián and Déleg from March to August 2024. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study with a quantitative approach. A convenience sample of postmenopausal women was used. Data were collected through surveys and scales such as the SF-36 Health Questionnaire and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Results: The analysis of postmenopausal women revealed a median age of 54.5 years, with a predominance of elementary education (83.5%), married status (88.1%), and residence in Biblián (63.1%). Regarding cardiovascular risks, 43.8% were overweight, 2.8% were obese, and participants presented high abdominal circumference and blood pressure. The assessment of quality of life using the SF-36 yielded a mean score of 83.30, with notably high scores in emotional role and social functioning but lower scores in general health. The MRS demonstrates that 62.5% of participants experienced moderate somatic discomfort, while 52.6% reported severe psychological discomfort, significantly impacting overall quality of life. Conclusion: The quality of life in postmenopausal women shows moderate to severe discomfort, with no significant relationship to cardiovascular or sociodemographic factors. Keywords: quality of life, menopause, women's health, cardiovascular risk factors
