Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Enfermería
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/91
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Ítem Acceso Abierto “AUTOPERCEPCIÓN SOBRE SEXUALIDAD EN ADULTOS MAYORES. REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA Y META ANÁLISIS”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-23) Chuqui Salazar, Karla Tatiana; Guamán Guerrero, Lissbeth del Rocío; Altamirano Cárdenas, Luis Francisco; 0302495320; 0350152880Background: Sexuality in older adults has historically been an overlooked topic in scientific research, despite its influence on overall well-being. Substantial gaps remain in the literature regarding how age, cultural norms, and social stigmas affect sexual self- perception in this population. Objective: To identify the self-perception of sexuality among older adults, focusing on cultural, socioeconomic, and demographic factors, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The systematic review focused on empirical studies and reviews published between 2019 and 2024 that analyzed sexual self-perception in older adults, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results: The 20 studies included revealed that sexuality in older adults is a complex dimension influenced by cultural, emotional, physical, and social factors. Sexual self-perception is often conditioned by sexual education, emotional health, and access to information. Attitudes toward sexuality vary based on family context, religious beliefs, and social environment. Significant differences were also observed based on gender, age, and marital status. Finally, a strong association between sexual expression and overall well-being was identified, highlighting the importance of addressing it from a comprehensive perspective. Conclusion: Sexuality in old age requires holistic attention, considering biopsychosocial factors that influence experience, perception, and well-being. Keywords: older adults, sexual behavior, self-perception, socioeconomic factors, public healthÍtem Acceso Abierto Aplicación del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería en Adultos Mayores con trastornos mentales. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Arcentales Verdugo, Jessenia Marisol; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302322367Introduction: Mental disorders in older adults pose a significant challenge to modern public health. They are a cause of morbidity and result in high levels of disability, representing a burden for families, society, and the country. The nursing role is crucial in applying the Nursing Care Process to ensure the delivery of quality care. Objective: To analyze the application of the nursing care process in older adults with mental disorders. Methods: A systematic review with a descriptive approach was conducted. The selection of articles followed the PRISMA flow diagram. Scientific articles published in the last seven years were reviewed across databases, including SciELO, Dialnet, ResearchGate, Redalyc, Scopus, and LILACS, using Boolean operators AND, OR, and NOT. Results: The prevalent mental disorders identified were depression, anxiety, and Alzheimer’s disease/dementia. The main NANDA (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) diagnoses included anxiety, memory impairment, chronic confusion, acute confusion, chronic distress, sleep pattern disorder, social isolation, self-care deficit: feeding, risk of injury. Regarding the application of the PAE (PAE by its Spanish acronym) using the NANDA, NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification), and NIC (Nursing Interventions Classification) taxonomies, not all studies applied the nursing process in full. A nursing care plan was developed, focusing on the primary problems presented by patients with these conditions. Mental disorders significantly impact the health of older adults, making it essential to implement the NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC taxonomies, which directly influence the quality of life of this vulnerable population. Keywords: Mental disorders, frail older adults, nursing care, NANDA-I terminology, NIC, NOCÍtem Acceso Abierto Cáncer de mama en Latinoamérica Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Yupa Allaico , Jomayra Yadira; Cordero Zumba, Nancy Beatriz; 0302642319Introduction: Breast cancer is a serious public health issue in Latin America, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Understanding its characteristics, risk factors, and complications is crucial for implementing effective prevention and management strategies. Objective: To analyze the characteristics of breast cancer in Latin America in recent years based on a systematic literature review. Methodology: A descriptive study with a retrospective quantitative approach was conducted. The methodology included different articles published between 2019 and 2024 in databases such as Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, SciELO, and PubMed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied for the selection of studies. Results: The results showed a high prevalence of breast cancer in Latin America, ranging from 14% to almost 40%. The risk factors identified were age over forty, obesity, family history, alcoholism, smoking, and late menopause. Regarding the role of nursing, shortcomings were identified in training for emotional support, and a standardized care plan was proposed. Conclusion: Breast cancer is a public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality. It is essential that women undergo preventive screening to enable early diagnosis and effective treatment by health professionals. Keywords: breast cancer, prevalence, risk factors, complications, nursing role.Ítem Acceso Abierto Calidad del sueño en los adultos mayores de los cantones Biblián y Déleg en el periodo noviembre 2023 – febrero 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Sánchez Sagbaicela, Ximena Guadalupe; Pogyo Morocho, Gloria Luzmila; 0106314867Background: Older adults are prone to experience from various sleep disturbances that affect their physical and mental health, leading to the suffering of diseases associated with this problem. Objective: To evaluate the quality of sleep in older adults in the cantons of Biblián and Déleg in the period November 2023 - February 2024. Method: A descriptive, non-experimental, quantitative, and cross-sectional research was conducted with a sample of 94 older adults, calculated using the EpiInfo program by applying the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Results: The risk factors were: having nightmares (60.6%), getting up to go to the bathroom (59.6%), and feeling cold (58.5%). The clinical manifestations were: nocturnal awakenings (59.6%), daytime sleepiness (53.2%), and difficulty falling asleep (47.9%). Related to this, it is noteworthy that 69% of the study group reported some difficulty falling asleep, while 31% reported no difficulty. The quality of sleep was quite poor for 67%, while 30.9% reported it was good and 2.1% very poor. Conclusions: It is very crucial to know and identify sleep disorders in older adults because the lack of attention and prevention can result in other pathologies that affect especially their mental health. Keywords: older adults, sleep quality, risk factorsÍtem Acceso Abierto Epidemiología del Cáncer en la provincia del Cañar, 2017-2021(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-20) Rodríguez Morquecho, Jonnathan Sebastián; Uzhca Sanango, Daniela Isabel; Latacela Lligui, Gloria Alexandra; 0350019774; 0350115127Cancer is defined as the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant organs. It is the leading cause of mortality in the Americas, responsible for 1.4 million deaths in 2022, with projections estimating an increase to 6.7 million deaths by 2045. Objective: To analyze the epidemiology of cancer in Cañar Province, highlighting the most prevalent cancer types, their distribution by sex, age, area of residence, and the healthcare facilities where patients received care. Methods: A descriptive, quantitative, and observational study was conducted using publicly available secondary data from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC, by its Spanish acronym). Sampling was not required due to the use of secondary data. Results: An increase in cancer cases was observed among the elderly population, particularly among women. Malignant gastric tumors predominated at 14.3%, followed by prostate tumors at 9.7%, malignant tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts at 4.6%, malignant brain tumors at 4.2%, and malignant pancreatic tumors at 3.8%. In conclusion, the need to implement prevention and early detection strategies is highlighted, as well as to improve health education programs to reduce associated risk factors. This study highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary intervention to address the cancer burden in the region. Keywords: cancer, epidemiology, mortality, prevention.Ítem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia y factores de riesgo en dificultad respiratoria del recién nacido en el hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Azogues mayo 2024 – abril 2025(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-19) Cabrera León, Nayeli Lissbeth; Rocano Sanmartín, Yadira Marisol; Cardenas, Lilia Azucena; 0302495114; 0302502893; Cardenas, MelissaAccording to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC by its Spanish acronym), respiratory pathologies accounted for 10% to 15% of neonatal deaths in 2020. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) at the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital in Azogues. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and treatments administered to neonates diagnosed with NRDS. The study involved the review of 296 anonymized medical records from the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital. Data were collected through a structured form containing the variables of interest. Results: The prevalence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome over the five-year period was 15.07%. The average maternal age ranged between 25 and 26 years, with a mean gestational age of 36.25 weeks, an average birth weight of 2,690 grams, and a mean Apgar score of 7.8 at one minute post-delivery. Cesarean sections accounted for 65% of births, 54% of mothers were multiparous, and 54.05% were diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Premature rupture of membranes was absent in 94% of cases. Regarding the sex of the neonates, 66% were male. A statistically significant association was found between the Apgar score at one minute and fetal distress (p = 0.001). The treatments administered included oxygen therapy in 43% of cases, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 33.45%, and mechanical ventilation in 7.43%. Conclusion: The identified risk factors for neonatal respiratory distress included cesarean delivery, multiparity, maternal urinary tract infection, and male sex of the newborn. The most frequently administered treatment was oxygen therapy. Keywords: respiratory distress syndrome, prevalence, newborn.Ítem Acceso Abierto Revisión sistemáticas y metaanálisis del síndrome metabólico y riesgo de cáncer en adultos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-19) Ludizaca Llerena, Gina Paola; Naranjo Guallpa, Ana Gabriela; Cardenas, Melissa; 0302396338; 0350300059; González León, Fanny MercedesMetabolic syndrome is a cluster of signs and symptoms characterized by a multifactorial disorder that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Objective: To examine the scientific literature on metabolic syndrome and cancer risk in adults through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using scientific databases from 2020 to 2025, including PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Dialnet, Google Scholar, and Redalyc, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria comprised studies published in English and Spanish. Results: Sixteen articles were included in the study. The findings revealed a significant association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and various types of cancer, particularly gastrointestinal, breast, prostate, and endometrial cancers. The meta-analysis indicated that individuals with MS have a higher relative risk of developing cancer, with odds ratios and hazard ratios, in some cases, doubling or tripling the risk. The most influential variables were sex, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance. In Latin America, a high prevalence of MS was identified in people with cancer, highlighting its role as a significant comorbidity. Internationally, cohort studies confirmed this relationship, reinforcing the importance of preventive interventions. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is a relevant risk factor for various types of cancer in adults. Early identification and management may contribute to reducing the cancer burden, particularly in populations with high rates of obesity and metabolic disorders. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, cancer, risk factors, prevalence, diseaseÍtem Acceso Abierto Revisión sistemáticas y metaanálisis del síndrome metabólico y riesgo de cáncer en adultos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-13) Ludizaca Llerena, Gina Paola; Naranjo Guallpa, Ana Gabriela; González León, Fanny Mercedes; 0302396338; 0350300059Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of signs and symptoms characterized by a multifactorial disorder that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Objective: To examine the scientific literature on metabolic syndrome and cancer risk in adults through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using scientific databases from 2020 to 2025, including PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Dialnet, Google Scholar, and Redalyc, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria comprised studies published in English and Spanish. Results: Sixteen articles were included in the study. The findings revealed a significant association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and various types of cancer, particularly gastrointestinal, breast, prostate, and endometrial cancers. The meta-analysis indicated that individuals with MS have a higher relative risk of developing cancer, with odds ratios and hazard ratios, in some cases, doubling or tripling the risk. The most influential variables were sex, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance. In Latin America, a high prevalence of MS was identified in people with cancer, highlighting its role as a significant comorbidity. Internationally, cohort studies confirmed this relationship, reinforcing the importance of preventive interventions. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is a relevant risk factor for various types of cancer in adults. Early identification and management may contribute to reducing the cancer burden, particularly in populations with high rates of obesity and metabolic disorders. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, cancer, risk factors, prevalence, diseaseÍtem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia y factores de riesgo en dificultad respiratoria del recién nacido en el hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Azogues mayo 2024 – abril 2025(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025-06-12) Cabrera León, Nayeli Lissbeth; Rocano Sanmartín, Yadira Marisol; Romero Sacoto, Lilia Azucena; 0302495114; 0302502893According to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC by its Spanish acronym), respiratory pathologies accounted for 10% to 15% of neonatal deaths in 2020. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) at the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital in Azogues. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and treatments administered to neonates diagnosed with NRDS. The study involved the review of 296 anonymized medical records from the “Homero Castanier Crespo” General Hospital. Data were collected through a structured form containing the variables of interest. Results: The prevalence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome over the five-year period was 15.07%. The average maternal age ranged between 25 and 26 years, with a mean gestational age of 36.25 weeks, an average birth weight of 2,690 grams, and a mean Apgar score of 7.8 at one minute post-delivery. Cesarean sections accounted for 65% of births, 54% of mothers were multiparous, and 54.05% were diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Premature rupture of membranes was absent in 94% of cases. Regarding the sex of the neonates, 66% were male. A statistically significant association was found between the Apgar score at one minute and fetal distress (p = 0.001). The treatments administered included oxygen therapy in 43% of cases, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 33.45%, and mechanical ventilation in 7.43%. Conclusion: The identified risk factors for neonatal respiratory distress included cesarean delivery, multiparity, maternal urinary tract infection, and male sex of the newborn. The most frequently administered treatment was oxygen therapy. Keywords: respiratory distress syndrome, prevalence, newborn.Ítem Acceso Abierto Cuidados de enfermería en pacientes con complicaciones post- Cesárea. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Tenezaca Guallpa, Manuel Jesús; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302384987A cesarean section is a surgical procedure involving the extraction of the fetus through an incision in the uterus. This intervention is recommended when vaginal delivery is not viable to safeguard the mother’s life. Various factors can lead to the decision to perform this procedure, including complications that may appear during the postoperative period, highlighting the importance of efficient and quality nursing care. Objective: To analyze nursing care in patients with post-cesarean complications. Method: A systematic review with a descriptive approach was conducted. Following the PRISMA methodology, scientific articles published in the last nine years were used, sourced from databases such as PubMed, Redalyc, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Dialnet, and books that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Key risk factors include age, marital status, educational level, preeclampsia, obesity, diabetes, and fetal aspects such as gestational age, macrosomia, and fetal distress. The most common complications are hemorrhage, infections, and pain. Nursing care focuses on monitoring vital signs, managing hemorrhages, administering medications, and providing emotional support to ensure adequate recovery. Conclusions: Cesarean sections have become a worldwide health issue due to their increasing frequency, caused by various maternal and fetal factors that can lead to complications, for instance, hemorrhage and infections; it underscores the critical role of nursing staff in this context. Keywords: cesarean section, risk factors, post-cesarean complications, nursing careÍtem Acceso Abierto Calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en el distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Romero Guamán, Víctor Manuel; Romero Sacoto, Lilia Azucena; 0302714357Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Objective: To determine the quality of life in adults with Parkinson's Disease. Methodology: A non-experimental, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients with Parkinson's Disease. Instruments: The validated PDQ-39 scale, consisting of 8 dimensions with 39 questions, was used. Data were analyzed using JAMOVI. Results: The average age was 74.9 years; 53% were women, 61% lived in non-adapted housing, 30% were in stage 1 of the disease, and 74% were taking Levodopa. High reliability and validity were demonstrated through Cronbach's alpha, Omega, composite rel iability, Lambda, and Average Extracted Variance, all exceeding 0.8. Most variables indicated a moderate risk, except for stigma and emotional well-being, which showed low risk —no significant differences between observed gender or housing type and quality of life. Quality of life is equally affected in men and women. Conclusions: The mean age was 74.9 years; most were women, and in stage 1 of the disease. The instrument demonstrated high validity and reliability; most dimensions were moderately affected; no significant differences were found between gender and quality of life or between housing type and quality of life. Keywords: quality of life, Parkinson's Disease, prevalence.Ítem Acceso Abierto Adherencia al tratamiento en adultos con enfermedad de Parkinson en el distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Lliguisupa Peláez, Jonnathan David; González León, Fanny Mercedes; 0302694807Background: Adherence to treatment for Parkinson’s disease plays a crucial role in effectively managing the disease and improving the quality of life of those affected. Objective: To identify adherence to treatment in adults with Parkinson’s disease in the 03D01 District, including the cantons of Azogues, Biblían, and Deleg. Methodology: A non-experimental, quantitative, prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted on patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease within the 03D01 Health District Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients. Instruments: The Morisky Green test was used. Results: The mean adherence score of 3.66 suggests that patients with Parkinson’s disease have low adherence. Patients with secondary education demonstrate higher adherence (4.00). Adherence improved with disease progression, reaching a median of 3.88 in stage 4 and 4.25 in stage 5. The presence of a caregiver increased adherence (3.75) compared to those without a caregiver (3.50). Conclusions: In general, the adherence to treatment in patients with Parkinson’s disease is low, negatively impacting their quality of life. Keywords: Adherence, Parkinson’s isease, Prevalence.Ítem Acceso Abierto Calidad de vida y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres post menopáusicas. Biblián y Déleg, marzo-agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) González Rivera,, Nayeli Estefanía; Carangui Tenesela, Henry Patricio; León González, Fanny Mercedes; 0350107397; 0302896741Cardiovascular risk factors are recognized as elements that deteriorate the quality of life in postmenopausal women. Objective: To analyze the quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women in the cantons of Biblián and Déleg from March to August 2024. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study with a quantitative approach. A convenience sample of postmenopausal women was used. Data were collected through surveys and scales such as the SF-36 Health Questionnaire and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Results: The analysis of postmenopausal women revealed a median age of 54.5 years, with a predominance of elementary education (83.5%), married status (88.1%), and residence in Biblián (63.1%). Regarding cardiovascular risks, 43.8% were overweight, 2.8% were obese, and participants presented high abdominal circumference and blood pressure. The assessment of quality of life using the SF-36 yielded a mean score of 83.30, with notably high scores in emotional role and social functioning but lower scores in general health. The MRS demonstrates that 62.5% of participants experienced moderate somatic discomfort, while 52.6% reported severe psychological discomfort, significantly impacting overall quality of life. Conclusion: The quality of life in postmenopausal women shows moderate to severe discomfort, with no significant relationship to cardiovascular or sociodemographic factors. Keywords: quality of life, menopause, women's health, cardiovascular risk factorsÍtem Acceso Abierto Hemorragia obstétrica en el posparto. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Chacón Estrella, Klever Alejandro; González León, Fanny Mercedes; 0105803860Obstetric hemorrhage is defined as the loss of more than 500 ml of blood during vaginal delivery and more than 1000 ml during cesarean delivery. Objective: To determine the prevalence, causes, complications, and nursing care associated with postpartum obstetric hemorrhage. Methodology: This was an analytical, systematic review study conducted through the reading and analysis of scientific literature from the following databases: SciELO, Scopus, Dialnet, Taylor & Francis, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science, focusing on studies published between 2018 and 2023. The quality of the literature was assessed using the CONSORT-2010 checklist. Results: A global prevalence of 80% was identified, with regional rates of 30.8% in Asia, 33.9% in Africa, and 30% in Colombia. In Ecuador, obstetric hemorrhage ranks as the second leading cause of maternal death and is more prevalent in low-income countries. The most common cause is uterine atony (61.5%), and the most frequent complication is hypovolemic shock. Treatment protocols, such as Ecuador's "Score MAMÁ" and the implementation of the Nursing Care Process based on the NANDA NOC-NIC Taxonomy, are essential. Conclusions: The prevalence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) varies, but it is more frequent in developing countries. Uterine atony is the leading cause of PPH, with complications including hypovolemic shock, acute renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Timely nursing intervention is critical for prompt care and reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Keywords: bleeding, hypovolemic shock, code redÍtem Acceso Abierto Manejo de enfermería en el dolor postoperatorio. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Reinoso Minchala, Angelica Mishell; Cordero Zumba, Nancy Beatriz; 0350119624Objective: To analyze the scientific literature on nursing management in postoperative pain. Methodology: A bibliographic review was conducted using specific keyword search strategies in databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Medline, and Elsevier, covering the last 5 years (since 2018) in both Spanish and English. According to the selected databases for the study, 47.37% (9 out of 19) of the articles were sourced from PubMed, 36.84% (7 out of 19) from Scopus, and 15.79% (3 out of 19) from SciELO. Results: Studies on postoperative pain management emphasize the importance of various strategies, including continuous assessment with standardized scales and patient education to improve treatment adherence, and the role of nursing staff. The multimodal approach and implementation of clinical guidelines such as Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) have shown effectiveness, although the lack of standardized protocols and adequate resources may limit outcomes. Nursing professionals face significant challenges due to the absence of clear policies and insufficient training. Moreover, practices vary according to region and individual patient characteristics, highlighting the need to personalize interventions to optimize pain management. Conclusion: Postoperative pain management requires personalized approaches, continuous assessment, and proper training to improve outcomes and treatment adherence. Keywords: postoperative pain, nursing care, pain management, perioperative nursingÍtem Acceso Abierto Nivel de conocimientos sobre el autocuidado del acceso vascular en pacientes que se realizan hemodiálisis. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Rivera Guillen, Irma Vanessa; Merchán Coronel, María Graciela; 0302903257A vascular access is an opening in the skin and a blood vessel; blood flows from the vessel to the machine in the hemodialysis process. The access requires special care to avoid complications for the patient. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge on vascular access self-care through a systematic review. Methodology: A descriptive systematic review was conducted using scientific databases such as SciELO and Dialnet to gather information. Results: After reviewing various scientific sources, 17 research articles were selected, which enabled to deduce that the level of knowledge about self-care of vascular access in hemodialysis patients is determined by factors such as age, educational level, and access to health services. Conclusion: Younger and more educated patients tend to have a better understanding of vascular access self-care; factors such as advanced age, cognitive impairment, lack of family support, and the duration of treatment may negatively affect patients' ability to perform adequate self-care. Keywords: knowledge, vascular access, self-care, hemodialysis.Ítem Acceso Abierto Síntomas no motores en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en el Distrito 03D01(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Morquecho Campoverde, Jessica Cristina; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302201769Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, with a worldwide prevalence of 1 to 3%, presenting motor and non-motor symptoms that affect quality of life. Objective: To identify the presence of non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease in district 03D01. Methodology: A non-experimental, quantitative, prospective, observational, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was conducted on patients with Parkinson's diagnosis from health district 03D01. Sample: The sample comprised 98 patients. Instrument: The non-motor symptoms questionnaire was the NMS Quest validated in Spanish. Results: The questionnaire demonstrated high reliability and validity, with values of Cronbach's Alpha at 0.853, McDonald's Omega at 0.856, a Composite Reliability Coefficient of 0.856, factor loadings of 0.854, and an AVE value of 0.50. The prevalent non-motor symptoms are sadness and mood, followed by anxiety and falls; per the patient report, 15.1 symptoms have a symmetrical distribution and moderate variability. Gender has no relevant impact on the presence of non-motor symptoms, and in the stage of the disease, symptoms increase as the Parkinson's stage progresses. Conclusion: The NMS Quest questionnaire is a highly reliable and valid tool for identifying non-motor symptoms, among which affective and other symptoms prevail; the average number of symptoms per patient is 15.1, reflecting the diversity and heterogeneity of the disease. Finally, symptoms worsened as the disease advanced, whereas gender had no notable impact. Keywords: Parkinson's disease, non-motor symptoms, age, gender.Ítem Acceso Abierto Calidad de vida y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres post menopáusicas. Azogues, marzo-agosto 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Mendez Criollo, Johanna Elizabeth; Mendez Cabrera, Mónica Abigail; Gonzalez Leon, Fanny Mercedes; 0302990866; 0302709860Cardiovascular risk factors are identified as elements that deteriorate the quality of life in postmenopausal women. Objective: To analyze the quality of life and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women in Azogues from March to August 2024. Methods: This was a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 176 postmenopausal women, using the SF-36 health-related quality of life scale and the MRS menopause-specific quality of life scale. Results: Of the participants, 75.6% were aged between 48 and 59, with elementary education (56.8%). The primary occupations were homemakers (33.5%) or agricultural workers (25.0%). Most lived in rural areas (68.8%) and were married (73.3%). About 72.7% reported moderate discomfort in their quality of life. Factors such as age, rural residency, smoking, and hypertension revealed significant correlations with physical functioning, pain, and vitality. Specifically, age correlated positively with physical functioning (r = 0.242, p = 0.001), while smoking decreased physical functioning (r = -0.191, p = 0.011) and increased pain (r = -0.183, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Factors such as smoking and hypertension negatively impact quality of life, while sociodemographic factors showed no significant correlation with menopausal symptoms. Keywords: quality of life, menopause, women’s health, cardiovascular risk factorsÍtem Acceso Abierto "Conocimientos y prácticas del personal profesional de enfermería sobre el uso de antisépticos en curación de heridas. Azogues, marzo- agosto 2024"(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Landi Guamán, Erika Fernanda; Jachero Tenezaca, Carmen Melissa; Romero Sacoto, Lilia Azucena; 0350337564; 0302725213Antiseptics are chemical agents applied to the skin or living tissues to inhibit microbial growth, primarily used for preventative or therapeutic purposes in wound management. Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge and practices of nursing professionals regarding antiseptic use in wound healing. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 173 nursing professionals who completed a survey validated by De Souza et al. (2014) to evaluate knowledge and practices associated with antiseptic use in wound healing. The instrument employed was a 32-item checklist with dichotomous questions administered through Google Forms using phone contacts. Results: Among participants, 41.4% were aged 31-35, 91.4% were female, 75.9% held higher education level, and 19% worked in inpatient care. While 53.4% demonstrated acceptable knowledge, only 8.6% exhibited excellent knowledge. In terms of practices, 98.3% demonstrated outstanding performance. Concerning women surveyed, 51.7% had satisfactory knowledge, 34.5% of those with higher education had moderate knowledge, and 34.5% of participants with 6-10 years of experience exhibited proper knowledge and excellent practices. Conclusions: The survey findings indicate that 41.5% of respondents were aged 31-35, 91.4% were female, with less than five years of work experience, higher education level, and employed in inpatient care, 53.4% held appropriate knowledge, and 98.3% demonstrated excellent practices. Keywords: antiseptic, knowledge and practices, wound healing, nursing.Ítem Acceso Abierto Causas, consecuencias e intervenciones de enfermería en los trastornos del sueño en adultos mayores. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Guamán Guaillas, Ruth Elizabeth; Romero Galabay , Ignacia Margarita; 1950115947Introduction: The World Health Organization indicates an increase in sleep problems or disorders, especially in older age, which should be more deeply analyzed as a public health issue. Objective: To determine the causes, consequences, and nursing interventions for sleep disorders in older adults. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method in scientific databases of relevance to identify the causes, consequences, and nursing interventions for sleep disorders in older adults. Results: Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in adults over 65, especially among females, and include difficulties in falling or staying asleep. Lack of companionship for daytime activities can impair sleep quality, while anxiety and depression impact cognition and reduce energy levels for daily activities. Nursing staff apply care based on the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Taxonomy by theorist Marjorie Gordon, which includes physical and emotional health activities, such as establishing a bedtime routine, removing stressful situations, and adjusting environmental factors like light, noise, temperature, mattress, and bed to improve sleep. Conclusion: Insomnia is a common condition involving various factors, including physiological issues, comorbidities, and psychological, social, and environmental aspects. Poor sleep quality affects the quality of life in older adults. Keywords: disorders, sleep, older adult, nursing, cause
