Nivel de conocimientos sobre el autocuidado del acceso vascular en pacientes que se realizan hemodiálisis. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

A vascular access is an opening in the skin and a blood vessel; blood flows from the vessel to the machine in the hemodialysis process. The access requires special care to avoid complications for the patient. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge on vascular access self-care through a systematic review. Methodology: A descriptive systematic review was conducted using scientific databases such as SciELO and Dialnet to gather information. Results: After reviewing various scientific sources, 17 research articles were selected, which enabled to deduce that the level of knowledge about self-care of vascular access in hemodialysis patients is determined by factors such as age, educational level, and access to health services. Conclusion: Younger and more educated patients tend to have a better understanding of vascular access self-care; factors such as advanced age, cognitive impairment, lack of family support, and the duration of treatment may negatively affect patients' ability to perform adequate self-care.

Keywords: knowledge, vascular access, self-care, hemodialysis.