Trabajos de Titulación - Extensión Cañar - Enfermería
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/62
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Ítem Embargo Integración de la inteligencia de negocios como estrategia de gestión del rendimiento empresarial(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Arce Cuesta, Paco Antonio; Ordoñez Espinoza, Cristina Guadalupe; 0302425061Nowadays, in the digital era, business intelligence (BI) has become an essential tool for organizations aiming to optimize their performance and remain competitive. For this reason, the objective of the research was to analyze the integration of business intelligence as a business performance management strategy, which involved an investigative approach under the PRISMA methodology for which, the systemic method was used. It was developed through orderly and centralized processes in the documentary collection that allowed the coherent analysis of the integration of business intelligence as a management strategy. The results indicate that business intelligence (BI) significantly improves decision-making by providing accurate and up-to-date data, which reduces uncertainty and risk, and optimizes business processes by identifying inefficiencies and improving productivity, contributing to better financial and operational performance. In conclusion, business intelligence is a powerful tool for business management, and its effective implementation can transform business decisions and operations, providing sustainable competitive advantage and improving long-term performance. Keywords: business intelligence, company, administration, decisions, managementÍtem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia de la desnutrición infantil de 0 a 5 años: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Pomaquiza Pomaquiza, Tania Mariela; Miranda Muñoz, Anabel Vanesa; Rodriguez Pañora, Patricia Elizabeth; 0350076956; 0302324512Introduction: The prevalence of undernutrition in children aged 0 to 5 years is fundamental to understand the magnitude of the global public health problem, especially in low-income and developing countries, Ecuador stands out with significant rates of chronic (25.2%) and acute (8.3%) undernutrition. Objective: To identify the existing scientific evidence on the prevalence of child undernutrition in children aged 0 to 5 years. Methodology: An exhaustive search was carried out in databases such as Scielo, PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, SCOPUS and the UCACUE library, applying specific inclusion criteria, 30 relevant studies were selected for the review. The information collected was systematically structured to facilitate the analysis and synthesis of the results obtained. Results: The prevalence of child undernutrition varies in different countries, with high rates in places such as Cuba (65%), Paraguay (64.9%), Palestine and Africa (49.1%), likewise, Ecuador has chronic undernutrition (25.2%) and acute undernutrition (8.3%), being more common in children from rural areas. Conclusion: Worldwide, the prevalence of child malnutrition in children aged 0 to 5 years reveals variability. In Ecuador, the highest prevalence is observed in the highlands region with 32%, followed by the Amazon region with 22.7%, in contrast, the coastal region has a prevalence of 15.7%, and the insular region shows a low incidence of this disease, with 5.8%. Key words: child malnutrition, prevalence, children aged 0 to 5 years, childhood.Ítem Acceso Abierto Calidad de vida en los pacientes con tuberculosis atendidos en el distrito 03D02: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Angamarca Padilla, Karina Jazmin; Zhao Quizhpilema, Mariuxi Alexandra; Rodriguez Pañora, Patricia Elizabeth; 0302947387; 0302654090Introduction: Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that represents a significant global challenge, mainly in developing countries. Beyond the physical symptoms, the disease affects mental health and social relationships due to associated stigmas, which makes tuberculosis a problem that impacts multiple aspects of life, requiring a comprehensive approach to its management and treatment. In Ecuador, despite attempts to control tuberculosis, there is evidence of a significant prevalence of this disease. Objective: To determine the quality of life of patients with tuberculosis treated in District 03D02 through a systematic review. Methodology: The PRISMA 2020 protocol was used. The primary databases for the search were Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed, and institutional repositories, among others. The included studies passed the proposed filters in the inclusion criteria: year of publication, language, keywords, and publication type. Results: Tuberculosis affects the quality of life of patients in terms of physical, psychological, and social aspects. Additionally, a direct association between socioeconomic level and the disease was found. On the other hand, it was found that most cases of tuberculosis occur in men, but women present the quality of life with the most significant deterioration. Conclusion: There were 230 cases of tuberculosis reported in the year 2022; however, the results indicate a lack of information regarding the quality of life in patients with the disease in district 03D02. Keywords: quality of life, tuberculosis, stigma.Ítem Acceso Abierto Medidas utilizadas en la prevención de caídas en adultos mayores: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Castillo Romero, Rocio Elizabeth; Siguencia Quizhpilema, Edison Israel; Espadero, Rosa Gabriela; 0350100228; 0302797766Introduction: As the population ages, falls in older adults are much more prevalent. Fall prevention has become a priority. Strategies aimed at preventing falls include the assessment of known risk factors and the treatment of identified modifiable factors; therefore, preventing falls in older adults is the responsibility of all healthcare personnel. Objective: To systematize information on the measures used to prevent falls in older adults in nursing homes, focusing on the construction of scientific knowledge and the development of skills to contribute to the assessment and care of geriatric patients. Methodology: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis) method was employed using keywords and Boolean operators in the main health databases, considering the measures used for preventing falls in older adults. Conclusions: Preventing falls in older adults is fundamental; therefore, several strategies such as identification of risk factors, education of the patient and the staff in charge of the care of older adults, specific nursing interventions within their context, and physical exercise —vital not only in fall prevention but also in the quality-of-life improvement— should be applied. Keywords: measures, prevention, falls, older adults.Ítem Acceso Abierto Abandono del adulto mayor que residen en los centros gerontológicos: Una revisión sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Romero Padilla, Michaelle Dayana; Buñay Patiño, Alicia Magaly; Rojas, Erika Paola; 0303105548; 0302148259Introduction: Abandoning older adults is considered a form of mistreatment towards individuals in their advanced years, which implies neglect or abandonment in vulnerable conditions. However, upon admission to gerontological centers, many of them are abandoned by their relatives, which is manifested in the lack of family visits, negligence in care, and poor attention by healthcare personnel. Objective: To systematize the scientific evidence on the neglect of older adults in gerontological centers. Methodology: A systemic review was conducted by searching for information using the keywords "abandonment," "older adult," and "gerontological centers" with the use of Boolean operators ¨AND, ¨ and ¨OR; ¨ which allowed the search using the databases Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and Redalyc. Results: The main factors that are responsible for the abandonment of the older adults by their loved ones have been identified, such as social, psychological, political and economic factors, Conclusions: Leaving older adults alone in gerontological centers is a complex problem that requires careful attention and effective measures for its prevention and management. Keywords: older adults’ abandonment, risk factors, gerontological centers.Ítem Acceso Abierto Factores que influyen en la depresión en los adultos mayores: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2024) Ramón Padilla, Kevin Efraín; Santander Coronel , Lisseth Verónica; Espadero , Gabriela; 0302547906; 0302333273Introduction: Depression in older adults is a significant health problem that can have a negative impact on quality of life and physical health. Objective: To perform a systematic review of the scientific literature on factors that affect depression in older adults. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method. The databases used were Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, ProQuest, Web Of Science, and Medline, and the application of filters such as articles in English and Spanish from the last five years with keywords and Boolean operators AND and OR. Results: The analysis of 20 articles selected in the literature review showed an overall prevalence of depression of 33.4%. With relation to the factors influencing depression, it was found that the age group older than 85 years presented a higher risk of depression, being more prevalent in the female sex. In addition, those having a low level of education and belonging to lower wealth quintiles are more prone to this health problem. Other related factors were medical morbidities, living alone¸ food insecurity¸ cognitive impairment, and physical limitations. Conclusion: Depression in older adults often goes unnoticed and is inadequately diagnosed and treated, which can have severe consequences for the health and quality of life of these individuals. Keywords: risk factors, depression, older adults.Ítem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en niños menores de 5 años en el Ecuador:(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Guasco Loja, Ana Noemi; Regalado Vázquez, Sandra Maribel; 0302721584Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia is a pathology of infectious or non-infectious origin with an acute or chronic acquired nature, representing one of the main problems of Public Health in children under five years of age globally. Moreover, it constitutes the first cause of mortality due to acute infections in developing countries, and its prevalence is the object of study in health systems worldwide. Objective: To describe the prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia in Ecuador during the last five years, carrying out a systematic review as a contribution to child health. For the research development, publications were searched in databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Medes, Elsevier, and Medscape, and institutional consultation repositories including Space. Eligibility criteria: Scientific articles, clinical trials, and third and fourth-level degree projects published within the last five years, both in Spanish and English, were chosen. Study evaluation and abstract methods: Articles were evaluated using the PRISMA methodology. Results: From 282 publications found; 15 valid articles were selected. Limitations: The main limitation was the lack of global studies at the Ecuadorian level regarding pediatric community-acquired pneumonia; the articles considered for the critical review contain only local data. Conclusions: The prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia in pediatric ages reaches 21-65% of the hospital populations investigated. Keywords: Pneumonia, prevalence, pediatric, community.Ítem Acceso Abierto Covid 19 y su incidencia en enfermedades crónicas degenerativas:(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Solano Aguaiza, Nina Pacari; Agualema Zhau, Jennyfer Francisca; Espadero, Gabriela; 0350003026; 0303013213Introduction: COVID-19 affected the entire population to a greater or lesser extent. Mortality risks were high for specific groups of older people, with a higher risk for individuals with comorbidities related to degenerative illnesses, due to their high mortality risk. Knowledge of the main complications in these cases allows nursing personnel to prevent worse prognoses. Objective: To systematize relevant information based on evidence about COVID-19 and its incidence in chronic degenerative diseases. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out to present a qualitative research approach based on the PRISMA method. A systematic search of publications of the last five years was carried out in databases of indexed journals such as Scopus, Medline, SciELO, and university repositories Results: A total of 20 publications were obtained related to COVID-19 and the chronic degenerative diseases that presented the highest risk in infected patients: diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular problems, and obesity. Conclusions: It was concluded that for nursing practice, it is vital to know the risks inherent in comorbidities in patients infected with COVID-19. Cardiovascular problems and complications were frequent in most of the cases registered. There was a high risk of mortality in patients with diabetes and obesity, with 50% mortality rate. In these cases, it is necessary to provide early attention to avoid mortality prognosis. Keywords: COVID-19, comorbidities, chronic degenerative diseases.Ítem Acceso Abierto Hábitos alimentarios en adultos mayores en Ecuador:(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Muñoz Yaguachi, Ana Lucia; Solano Aguaisa, Laura Veronica; Rojas Verdugo , Erica Paola; 0350013330; 0302047618Introduction. Nutritional illnesses caused by poor nutrition are central to the incidence of multimorbidity, causing chronic diseases or disabilities. Its prevalence increases in elderly populations, making correct habits and lifestyles necessary to achieve an active and satisfactory old age. Objective. Evaluate the quality of life and eating habits of older adults in Ecuador. Method. For the development of the research, the PRISMA method and the databases Elsevier, PubMed, Redalyc, MedLine, and Scopus were used. The information collected was subjected to eligibility criteria to obtain relevant studies. Result. Approximately 145 studies of interest were collected; after a process of screening for eligibility, 21 articles of importance for systematic review were identified. Conclusion. It was found that older adults in Ecuador are subject to poor nutrition conditions due to their eating habits. This situation is especially linked to economic factors, behavior, and emotional state affecting their nutritional condition, leading them to unbalanced diets with little nutritional value. Uncontrolled consumption of processed foods, refined flours, and sugary drinks was demonstrated. This situation puts their health at risk and the manifestation of non-communicable diseases: malnutrition, overweight and obesity. It becomes vital to have the necessary family support and care provided from a holistic perspective, which safeguards the integrity of the health and quality of life of the older person. Keywords: older adult, nutritional status, chronic diseases, eating habitsÍtem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia de cáncer de mama a nivel mundial:(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Iñamagua Lala, Britanny Lorena; Chimbo Fajardo, Adriana Isabel; Pogyo Morocho, Marcia Veronica; 0350015012; 0350152864Introduction: Oncological diseases result in a series of pathologies that can appear in the organism of any person, regardless of their sex or chronological age; such conditions involve the anomalistic and uncontrollable growth of the cells in any part of an individual’s anatomy, being able to disseminate gradually to other nearby tissues. Breast cancer is a pathological condition that is notable through its significant prevalence in women, placing itself as the second cause of mortality globally and the first in the Hispanic population. Methodology: The present research is a meta-analysis study of a type of systemic revision, carried out under a qualitative approach, considering 21 publications that were obtained from scientific sources such as Scopus, Medline, SciELO, Redalyc, Lilacs, and other databases from the Catholic University of Cuenca. Results: The prevalence of this disease during the year 2020 affected more than two million women worldwide. Most cases were recorded in the United States, followed by the regions of Latin America, Europe, Africa, and Asia, where it is the principal oncological disease within the feminine population, with a mortality rate that borders on 40 million annual deaths. Conclusions: The population of greatest vulnerability for the development of breast cancer are women of an age that varies between 45-60 years old, residing in urban areas of developing or underdeveloped countries. Keywords: cancer, breast, oncological diseases, prevalence, mortality.Ítem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia de resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos en infecciones del tracto urinario en el Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo durante el periodo 2021-2022(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Vazquez Piña, Erick Damian; Arias Narvaez, Diana Carolina; 0302820832Introduction: bacterial resistance to antibiotics has increased significantly because of its indiscriminate use in both people, plants and animals, which has hindered the specific therapeutic for urinary pathology. Objective: to analyze the scientific literature on bacterial resistance to antibiotics in infections of the urinary tract. Methodology: correspondent to a narrative bibliographic review, through the collection of information through the use of databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Dialnet, ResearchGate, SciELO themselves that were used from their introduction to the discussion and conclusions. Results: urinary tract infection is a global problem of great relevance that is of importance because of its resistance to the antibiotics most frequently used for its therapy, the prevalence of bacterial resistance is greater in those bacteria belonging to the gastrointestinal tract such as the case of E. coli and whose condition will be greater in the female gender as opposed to the male gender; studies also show that both in the United States and in developed countries, bacterial resistance has been shown to both ampicillin, amoxicillin / clavulanic ac., cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin which exceeds 20% tolerable in its empirical hospitable application. Conclusion: antimicrobial resistance is a growing global problem, whose consequences affect patients with urinary tract infection due to these etiological agents and may imply greater morbidity and mortality without adequate confrontation. Keywords: infections, urinary tract, bacterial resistance, antibacterials.Ítem Acceso Abierto Práctica de la medicina ancestral en la comunidad de Cachi del cantón El Tambo enero – agosto del 2023(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Duman Yupa, Cristian Alfredo; Castillo Espinoza, Byron Adrian; Peralta Cardenas, Maria Fernanda; 0302675871; 0302453402Abstract Ancestral medicine is one of the first healing alternatives at a physical, mental, and spiritual level used by native peoples and various cultures through healing rituals. Methodology: It was descriptive-bibliographic, using scientific bases such as Virtual Health Library and the Catholic University of Cuenca, IBECS, Scopus, PubMed, LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE, SciELO, and Dialnet, from the last five years in English and Spanish, aiming to develop the literature review on the practices of ancestral medicine. Results: They were classified into five categories: the elements used for ancestral medicine, the diseases treated, the advantage of ancestral knowledge, and the benefits and limitations of the practice of ancestral medicine. Conclusion: The practices are associated with the experience and skill inherited from ancestors, which helps to restore health by its easy acquisition and low cost. The elements used are mainly phytotherapy, and some animals, such as chickens, guinea pigs, beetles, and earwigs, which can treat some illnesses, including the evil eye, bad air, pneumonia, infections, dislocations, earache, heart, urinary and gastrointestinal diseases. However, its use in the young population is decreasing. Keywords: ancestral knowledge, medicinal practices, ancestral medicine.Ítem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia de los tipos de cáncer de mama en pacientes de 60 a 80 años que acuden al Hospital general Manuel Ygnacio Monteros periodo enero-diciembre del 2022(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Santander Villacis, Wilson Fabricio; Santander Coronel, Reynaldo Francisco; Aguaiza Pichasaca , Maria Erlinda; 0350052684; 0302715537Abstract Breast cancer is a systemic, multifactorial disease characterized by the malignant, accelerated, disordered, and uncontrolled spread of cells with mutated genes belonging to different tissues of a mammary gland, specifically to the epithelial cells that pass through the ducts or lobules of the breast. It is, therefore, a disease that affects women of all ages, although its prevalence and characteristics may vary significantly according to the age of the patients. The objective is to determine the prevalence of the types of breast cancer in patients from 60 to 80 years of age attending hospitals. The methodology used was descriptive bibliographic research using scientific databases of the last five years, including SciELO, SCOPUS, Elsevier, and Redalyc. Keywords were used, such as Prevalence of types of breast cancer, carcinoma, and carcinoma types. Results: The six most frequent types of tumors are infiltrating lobular carcinoma, lobular carcinoma "in situ," infiltrating ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma "in situ," epidermoid carcinoma, and medullary carcinoma. Conclusion: After reviewing several scientific articles, the objective was achieved, which was to know the prevalence of the different types of breast cancer, being that there are six most common types of breast cancer, and they constitute one of the pathologies that produce the most significant number of annual deaths in women worldwide. Keywords: Stages of breast cancer, tumor, mammary duct carcinoma.Ítem Acceso Abierto Desnutrición infantil en niños de 3 a 5 años en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Calderón Calle, Vanessa Fernanda; Palchisaca Tenezaca, Norma Angela; Yamasqui Padilla, Jose Isidro; 0350130498; 0350118048Introduction: Malnutrition has a significant impact on child health, being considered the main cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inadequate nutrition leads to nutritional deficiencies, which in turn affect overall development and growth, disrupt physiological functions, and can result in disabilities. Objective: To analyze childhood malnutrition in children aged 3 to 5 years in Ecuador. Method: For this study, the following databases were used: Scopus, Medline, SciELO, PubMed, Dialnet, and Google Scholar. Through sensitivity meta-analysis, eligibility criteria were established for the collection, review, and synthesis of relevant studies, following the PRISMA method. Result: A total of 23 articles of significance were selected, meeting the inclusion criteria after screening, identifying the main determinants influencing childhood malnutrition. These include socioeconomic conditions, social inequalities, access to healthcare and nutrition education, all of which are key aspects for proper nutrition and child development. Conclusion: It was found that a quarter of Ecuadorian children under the age of 5 are affected by chronic malnutrition, with a significant increase observed in rural populations. The prevailing main factors were associated with social inequality, food insecurity, and lack of nutrition education. By demonstrating that low height and weight are significant indicators in preschoolers, early anthropometric evaluations become crucial in detecting nutritional abnormalities and preventing cognitive, intellectual, and psychomotor problems resulting from malnutrition. Therefore, it is essential to address policies that improve wealth distribution and limit the consumption of unhealthy foods, ensuring a better future for children in Ecuador.Ítem Acceso Abierto Prevalencia del Sars-Cov-2 en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Gonzalez García, Rosa Carmen; Mendoza Miranda, Nube Elizabeth; Rodriguez Pañora, Patricia Elizabeth; 030274269-7; 035010093-9Introduction: Following the problem of the COVID-19 pandemic, all countries took measures to reduce mortality from this unknown previous virus that was unknown until then. Not only were the limitations still existing in medical science revealed, but also the public policies and the capacity of the health systems of each nation were put to the test. In Ecuador, the situation was difficult in the early stages of the pandemic, with high mortality rates and the collapse of health systems; afterward, a positive evolution was observed. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of COVID-19 in Ecuador through a systematic review. Method: Systematic revision of the literature based on the PRISMA method. Results: A total of twenty- three publications focused on the prevalence of Covid-19 in Ecuador. Conclusions: The prevalence of COVID-19 in Ecuador, shows a high morbidity-mortality impact during the first year, being one of the most alarming scenarios worldwide. Subsequently, after the emergence of vaccines, campaigns were developed that significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality caused by the virus. At present, the disease is under control despite its variants; however, one cannot speak of absolute control of the virus nor the totality of its effects, so it is advisable to maintain specific security measures before a possible reactivation of the virus and its mutated variants. Keywords: COVID-19, Ecuador, pandemic, health system.Ítem Acceso Abierto Consumo de sustancias estupefacientes en adolescentes en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Guamán Yupa, Adela Estefania; Mayancela Chuma, Rosa Elvira; Yamasqui Padilla, José Isidoro; 030242812-3; 030291951-9Introduction: Currently, the consumption of narcotic substances is a significant social problem that principally affects young people, many of whom are influenced by adults who succumb to their addictions. Objective: To investigate the consumption of narcotic substances in adolescents in Ecuador by a systematic review of the literature. Method: To investigate through a systematic review why the narcotic substance consumption occurs in adolescents in Ecuador, carried out under a qualitative approach. Results: Eleven publications were considered, which were obtained from different sources of scientific information such as Scopus, MEDLINE, SciELO, Redalyc, and other databases like ProQuest. The results indicate that the frequency with which adolescents feel the need to use addictive substances also shows that 7.19% of them smoke, followed by 17.86% of adolescents who consume alcohol. Conclusions: It was determined that the factors that affect the manifestation of an abuse or dependency problem are varied. Several risk factors have been identified, including individual, group, peer, family, and community influences, as well as genetic and environmental factors. These would increase a person’s genetic susceptibility to other risk factors, predisposing the subject to the consumption and later abuse or dependence on a given substance. Keywords: adolescents, youth, illicit substances, narcotic substances, narcotic drugs.Ítem Acceso Abierto Malnutrición infantil en niños menores de 10 años en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Duy Quindi, Mariana de Jesús; Guamán Zaruma, Vannesa Guadalupe; Regalado, Zandra Maribel; 030290170-7; 030238338-5Introduction: Child malnutrition refers to imbalances in children's diets, which includes malnutrition, overweight, and obesity resulting in serious consequences for the children’s health. Objective: To conduct a systematic review to identify risk factors and pathologies associated with child malnutrition in children under ten years of age in Ecuador. Methodology: PRISMA 2020 was used; the main databases for the search were: Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed, Medline, repositories of national universities, and the Catholic University of Cuenca. Eligibility criteria were: year of publication, language, results, keywords, and publication type Those not related to children under ten years and repeated articles were excluded. Results: It was evidenced that most studies agree that the principal factors of child malnutrition are social (75%), economic (70%), cultural (25%), nutritional (65%), and non-adherence to exclusive breastfeeding (25%). Also, the presence of chronic malnutrition (83,5%) and a lower rate of studies confirming the presence of overweight (16,6%). Conclusion: In Ecuador, there are many cases of child malnutrition due to a lack of economic resources and, above all, to the neglect and poor eating habits of their parents and the lack of monitoring of public policies implemented by the Ecuadorian government. Key words: malnutrition, children, risk factors, breastfeeding, undernutrition.Ítem Acceso Abierto Plantas medicionales utilizadas en el embarazo, parto y puerperio en el Ecuador: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Zaruma Lazo, Lourdes Rocío; Quizhpilema Zhinin, Tannya Alexandra; Peralta Cárdenas, María Fernanda; 030265199-7; 030254752-6Pregnancy, labor, and puerperium are physiological periods faced by all women who have decided to procreate at some time in their reproductive cycle, which requires continuous and permanent monitoring while exposed to a series of problems that can have damaging consequences for both mother and baby. Methodology: The present systematic review is an objective qualitative study, considering 31 publications obtained from scientific information sources such as Scopus, Medline, SciELO, Redalyc, LILACS, and ProQuest. Results: Medicinal plants combine the active elements necessary to alleviate innumerable ailments and/or discomforts that women may present during gestation, partum, or postpartum. This therapeutic alternative is reliable and accessible, being the first choice in different territorial regions where a precarious socioeconomic condition prevails and there is limited access to quality public health services. Conclusion: Different medicinal plants such as chamomile, mint, marigold, brevo, celery, anise, linseed, balm mint, basil, fennel, pennyroyal, and black tea can be used during pregnancy or fetal development; on the other hand, during labor and puerperium, one can use avocado seed, anise, cinnamon, rosemary, basil, parsley, rue, eucalyptus and other components that have the necessary properties to alleviate certain common physical and/or mental discomforts. Keywords: pregnancy, labor, puerperium, traditional medicine, medicinal plants.Ítem Acceso Abierto Incidencia de depresión postparto: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Montero Calle, Willian Rodrigo; Muñoz Chimbo, Rosa Alexandra; Mejía Rodríguez, Israel; 030256500-7; 035000748-0Fetal development and labor are crucial stages in fomenting the bond between mother and child; nevertheless, they are periods where women are most likely to develop depressive disorders. The prevalence of mental afflictions reaches 15% of women who have completed their gestation period, with postpartum depression being the pathological condition with the highest recurrence. Objective: To systematize the available scientific evidence on the incidence of postpartum depression through a systematic review using meticulous and concise analysis of the existing literature. Methodology: The present review is a meta-study, of the systematic review type, without registration of any development protocol carried out under a qualitative approach, based on 21 publications obtained from sources of scientific information such as Google Scholar, Scopus, MedLine, SciELO, Redalyc, and other Proquest databases of the Catholic University of Cuenca. Results: Postpartum depression is a psychological disorder that affects puerperium as much as her immediate family environment and the newborn. The prevalence of this disease is associated with factors such as age, parity, socioeconomic status, depressive history, intrafamily violence, unwanted pregnancies, and the parent’s absence. Conclusion: Worldwide, the incidence of postpartum depression ranges between 10% and 15% of puerperium. In Spain, such prevalence reaches 15%; in Peru, it borders 45%; in Colombia, 23%; and in Ecuador, 13%. Keywords: depression, postpartum, incidence, women.Ítem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo que influyen en las enfermedades crónicas respiratorias en los adultos mayores: Una revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Ortiz Yamasqui, Daysi Isabel; Sevichay Mora, Nelly Yessenia; Yamasqui Padilla, José Isidoro; 030253586-9; 030301811-3Chronic respiratory diseases represent a relevant challenge to the older adult population at a global level. These afflictions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and other chronic pulmonary disorders, have a significant impact on the older adults’ quality of life and increase their susceptibility to complications and disability. Objective: To identify the risk factors influencing older adults’ chronic respiratory diseases. Methodology: The present research is a systematic literature review utilizing the PRISMA methodology, in which twenty documents are considered from different databases like Scopus, Springer, Web of Sciences, and ProQuest, among others. Results: Older adults are developing chronic respiratory diseases risk due to factors like tobacco use, pollution, aging, and previous illnesses. Identifying and controlling these factors are important to prevent and treat chronic respiratory diseases and improve the quality of life of older adults. Conclusion: There exist various risk factors that influence the development of chronic respiratory diseases in older adults, including tobacco use, exposure to environmental contaminants and chemical substances, the respiratory system natural aging, and previous illnesses. These risk factors prevention and adequate treatment can help to reduce the chronic respiratory diseases risk and improve the older adults’ quality of life. Keywords: risk factors, older adult, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
