Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Odontología
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Examinando Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Odontología por Asesores "Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana"
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoContaminación bacteriana en el ambiente odontológico por la producción de aerosoles según el área de especialidad en los centros de especialidades odontológicas de Cuenca y Azogues de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Zaruma Zhagñay, Nube Gabriela; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 09524500713; ., .The dentist, in daily practice, is exposed to a diversity of microorganisms generated by aerosols. Objective: To determine the degree of bacterial contamination in the dental environment due to aerosol production according to the specialty area in the dental specialty centers of Cuenca and Azogues at the dental clinics of the Catholic University of Cuenca (UCACUE by its Spanish acronym). Methods: The study was conducted in the UCACUE dental specialty clinics of UCACUE, Azogues, and the main campus. A stratified random sampling was performed, obtaining a sample of 72 dental units; 216 plates were used, placed on the patient's chest, the operator's face mask, and another in the spittoon. The enriched culture medium was kept open for thirty minutes while procedures such as operative dentistry, periodontics, and endodontics were developed. They were then incubated at 37°C under aerobic and anaerobic conditions for 24 hours each, and bacterial identification was performed using Gram staining. Results: As a result, 98.61% tested positive for bacterial growth. The highest average count of 354 CFU (Colony Forming Unit) was obtained in the periodontics area on the patient's chest at the Azogues campus, 62.16% of the identified bacteria corresponded to Gram-positive cocci. Conclusions: The degree of bacterial contamination produced by aerosols during dental treatment at UCACUE clinics was moderate, except in the operative area in the main campus, which was low. The highest concentration was found in periodontics on the patient's chest, predominating Gram-positive cocci of the Staphylococcus genus.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Efectividad antimicrobiana de extracto de cúrcuma y clorhexidina en la cavidad bucal. revisión sistemática”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Cajamarca Morocho, Diana Patricia; Pachar Llivicura, Bryan Alexander; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 0302401880; 0106716566; ., .OBJECTIVE: To know the effectiveness of Curcuma Longa extract versus Chlorhexidine for reducing microorganisms in the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of the literature available in the following databases was conducted: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO, in the last five years on the antibacterial effectiveness of Chlorhexidine and curcuma Longa in comparative studies using PRISMA methodology. The PICO system established the research question and the search syntaxes for the databases. RESULTS: Eleven studies published from 2017 to 2022 that met the selection criteria were included. Eight corresponded to in vivo studies involving 958 patients aged 14 to 60 years with gingivitis or periodontitis, and 6 in vitro studies comparing the antimicrobial effectiveness of Turmeric with Chlorhexidine on different bacteria involved in periodontal disease. The in vivo studies showed that Turmeric has similar efficacy to Chlorhexidine in treating gingivitis and periodontitis by reducing gingival and plaque indices. In the in vitro studies, Turmeric showed equal effectiveness in inhibiting bacterial growth as Chlorhexidine. CONCLUSIONS: The Evidence in the literature consulted shows that extracts of Curcuma Longa show similar antimicrobial activity as Chlorhexidine in periodontal disease treatments and may be an effective alternative for treating gingivitis and dental plaque.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Eficacia de tres agentes desinfectantes de prótesis acrílicas colonizadas por cándida Spp”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Carrión Cueva, Andrés Patricio; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 1105588808; ., .Objective: This research aims to determine the efficacy of three disinfectant agents for acrylic prostheses colonized by Candida albicans. Methods: In 72 acrylic samples, the fungus variant was seeded for subsequent treatment with three disinfectant agents that, after incubation time, enabled the counting of colony-forming units per milliliter to determine the inhibition of the growth of the Candida albicans strain. Results: Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12% and sodium hypochlorite 0.5% are effective disinfectants against Candida albicans after 5 minutes. However, alkaline peroxides are effective after 10 minutes of immersion. Conclusion: Proper dental hygiene and care of patients with dental prostheses, especially those with systemic diseases, require an effective disinfectant, ideal concentration, and correct exposure time, thus reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEstudio in vitro de la actividad antimicrobiana del extracto de menta sobre el Streptococcus mutans.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Loja Chimborazo, Rosa Elena; Sañay Zumba, Nube Patricia; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 0302428701; 0104851423; ., .OBJECTIVE: To evaluate through an in vitro study the antimicrobial activity of peppermint extract on Streptococcus mutans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro, prospective experimental study in vitro. Seventy-two white filter paper discs were analyzed and divided into six groups, G1 corresponded to 25% mint extract, G2 to 50% mint extract, G3 to 75% mint extract, G4 100% mint extract, G5 0.12% Chlorhexidine as positive control and G6 distilled water as a negative control. The mint was processed by maceration to obtain the ethanolic extract. Discs were immersed in each concentration and placed in Petri dishes cultured with Streptococcus mutans; the inhibition halo was measured to check the efficacy of the microorganism at 24, 48, and 72 hours. The data were recorded in an Excel matrix and transferred to the IMB SPSS v27.0 software, the results were presented in tables of descriptive statistics, and the statistical significance was obtained utilizing the Mann Witney U test; the study had a reliability of 95%. RESULTS: It was determined that the antibacterial activity of peppermint extract for Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 at 25% had an average inhibition halos of 2.33 mm; at 50% of 2.67 mm; at 75%, it was 1.67; at 100%, 2.17 mm and chlorhexidine at 0.12% was 6.67 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The different concentrations of peppermint extract are effective against Streptococcus mutans for 24 hours, varying their behavior according to concentration and time.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoInfluencia del PH salival sobre el riesgo de caries dental en niños/as de 6 y 12 años en las parroquias rurales de Azogues 2019(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2019) Zaruma Quizhpilema, Luis Walter; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 0302409727; ., .OBJECTIVE: This research work was doing to determine the influence of salivary pH on the risk of dental caries in children of 6 and 12 of age in the rural parishes of Azogues. 2019. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This was a study descriptive, observational, cross-sectional. We work with a sample of 209 schoolchildren of both sexes, the clinical examination was performed using the index CPO-D (permanent dental pieces) and the ceo-d (primary dental pieces), simultaneously we evaluated the bacterial plaque using the index of Simplified oral hygiene (IHOS) this help us to determine the high, medium or low risk of tooth decay. Salivary pH (acid, neutral and alkaline) was measured using strips test, after the risk of caries was relating with salivary pH, we did a bivariate analysis using Chi square and Fisher's exact test, with a p value <0.05. RESULTS: The 52.15% of the population were male and the following results were obtained in caries risk: 14.61% for moderate and 12.77% for high; in the pH test, 36.21% were neutral, followed by 12.6% acid. The 47.84% of population were female, with a risk of caries represented by 13.03% for very high and 10.62% for low; The pH test we obtained: 35.85% for neutral and 10.3% for acid. After of the interpretation of the relationship between pH and caries risk in both sexes, we don’t find significance between the two variables, concluding that the salivary pH isn’t a risk factor determining for the tooth decay.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoManifestaciones orales en pacientes reumatológicos. Revisión de la literatura(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Rivera Cordero, Andrés Santiago; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 0350017604; ., .OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to provide information on the oral manifestations present in rheumatological patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review study was carried out using the digital databases Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, Elsevier and Google Scholar, focused on the study variables, independent (rheumatological diseases) and dependent (oral manifestations). The reviewed scientific articles were published mainly in English, Spanish and Portuguese from 2013 to 2021. RESULTS: The search yielded a total of 60,950 articles, applying the study variables, inclusion and exclusion criteria, they were screened to a total of 60, used in the analysis of the bibliographical research. Resulting that the main rheumatological diseases that present oral manifestations were Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren's Syndrome, Systemic Sclerosis, and Rheumatoid Arthritis. CONCLUSION: There is important scientific evidence that the main oral manifestations present in rheumatological patients are xerostomia, oral ulcers, gingivitis, periodontal disease and temporomandibular joint disorders.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Medios de almacenamiento para preservar dientes avulsionados manteniendo la viabilidad de las células periodontales. Una revisión sistemática”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Pérez Tenezaca, Nancy Estefanía; Rodríguez Castillo, Laura Juliana; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 0302186598; 0302801758; ., .Dental avulsion in one of the most severe dentoalveolar trauma because its management requires immediate reimplantation to maintain the periodontal ligament and significantly reduce root resorption and ankylosis. The success of the treatment depends mainly on the appropriate storage medium to ensure the viability of the periodontal cells. The present systematic review aimed to identify the most effective medium for storing and transporting avulsed permanent teeth according to the viability of periodontal ligament cells. An electronic search was performed in the scientific databases Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed using as keywords “Storage media”; “avulsed teeth”; “periodontal ligament”. Inclusion criteria were in vitro studies, and cell culture studies. Hank's Saline solution and honey were equally effective, maintaining 98.89% and 96.43% viable cells in 3 hours. Ringer's Lactate solution maintains the viability of 906.40 viable cells/mm3 in 1 hour. Propolis maintains 285,000 viable cells/mm3 in 45 minutes. Neem extract retains 88% viable cells in 30 minutes. Hank's Saline solution is the most effective storage medium for maintaining the viability of periodontal cells of avulsed teeth.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoNivel de conocimiento de los docentes odontológicos de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca sobre prescripción de antimicrobianos en la práctica diara(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2018) Romero Borja, Sindney Verónica; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 0201572781; ., .OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to determine the level of knowledge of dentist teachers of the Catholic University of Cuenca on the prescription of antimicrobials in daily practice, in association with years of work experience and dental specialty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study, with a sample of 66 dental professors from the Catholic University of Cuenca, who met the inclusion criteria; a questionnaire of 15 option questions was applied with the Prescription of antimicrobials in daily practice. The results were oriented statistically obtaining absolute frequencies, analysis and bivariate analysis using Fisher's test and Chi square (x2) with a p value <0.05. RESULTS: 27.27% of the population corresponded to the specialty of Oral Rehabilitation, values equivalent to 15.15% were found in Orthodontics and Endodontics, with Forensic Odontology being the specialty with the lowest percentage of the population (1.52%). ; the distribution of dentists according to years of experience presents 68.18% for 1-10 years, and only 6.06% for dentists with 21 to 48 years. A level of regular knowledge was found in 59.09% of the population, 27.27% presented a good level and 13.64% bad. Teachers with 1 -10 years of work experience presented the highest percentage with a level of regular knowledge equivalent to 40.91%, and in relation to the specialty it was possible to determine that 13.64% in Oral Rehabilitation presentation at the level of regular knowledge. The Fisher test and Chi square, showed that there is no relationship between the level of knowledge with years of experience and specialty, as there is no statistical significance (p> 0.05).
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoNiveles de IgG post vacunación SARS-CoV-2 Tipo ARN Vs. Vectores Víricos y vacunas inactivadas. Revisión Sistemática.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Morocho Salinas, Karen del Cisne; Pérez Guaman, Jhandry Alexander; Calderón Alemán, Doris Eliana; 1104222581; 1900564947; .OBJECTIVE: To determine IgG levels post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with mRNA vaccines compared to viral vectors and inactivated vaccines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This systematic review is based on the 2020 PRISMA statement guidelines. Articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases; CONSORT and STROBE scales were employed to assess the quality and bias of selected articles. RESULTS: After applying inclusion, exclusion, and selection criteria, 127,452 articles were obtained; 24 full-text articles were registered, 54% with low bias and 46% with medium bias. The variables considered included vaccine type, follow-up time, and post-vaccination IgG levels. The results showed that mRNA vaccines got a better immune response with higher antibodies than viral vector and inactivated vaccines. It was confirmed that the immune response increases with booster doses of the mRNA vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: IgG values after mRNA vaccination reached 9356 AU/ml three months after the first dose. For viral vector vaccines, a maximum value of 626 AU/mL was found four months after the first dose, and antibodies detected in the inactivated vaccine were 131 BAU/mL three months after the third dose.