Diseño a nivel de anteproyecto de vivienda unifamiliar bioclimática y culturalmente pertinente para comunidades shuar en condiciones de vulnerabilidad económica de El Pangui, Zamora Chinchipe

Abstract

This study develops the design of a single-family, bioclimatic dwelling that is culturally appropriate for Shuar communities in the canton of “El Pangui”, Zamora Chinchipe, based on the need comprehensive address the demands of the warm-humid Amazonian climate and cultural ways of inhabiting. The problem addressed relates to the persistence of housing solutions, that in many cases, fail to appropriately resolve issues such as humidity, ventilation, protection from the rainfall and solar radiation, and do not incorporate spatial criteria suitable for the social and symbolic organization of Shuar housing. This research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, with a descriptive and applied scope, based on literature and documentary review, field research on Shakay Shuar community, direct observation, photographic recording, and basic environmental measurements in two representative houses. This process allowed the integration of territorial context analysis, housing typologies, indoor habitability conditions, and cultural references related to the use of space. The results defined design criteria related to site placement, ventilation, roof design, materiality, and spatial organization. Additionally, the results demonstrated that the indoor performance of the dwelling is determined by the integrated design system rather than by individual materials. In conclusion, an articulated architectural design based on passive design criteria and Shuar cosmovision guarantees a viable technical solution that strengthens social cohesion and improves quality of life in the Amazonian rural environment.