Estrategias lúdicas para el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional en niños de 4 a 5 años

Abstract

This research aims to describe how playful strategies contribute to the development of emotional intelligence in children aged 4 to 5 years. At this stage, emotions play a key role in character formation, socialization, and the child's overall well-being. In this context, playful strategies constitute a fundamental pedagogical tool; as play enables children to identify, express, and regulate their emotions and develop empathy and social skills. The study follows a qualitative, documentary, and bibliographic approach, based on the analysis of secondary sources attained from digital repositories. Information was collected by reviewing articles on playful strategies and emotional intelligence in children under 6 years old, found in digital repositories such as Google Scholar, SciELO, and Redalyc. The analysis focused on role-playing games, storytelling, artistic activities, cooperative activities, relaxation, and dramatization. The contributions from various studies demonstrate that playful activities have a positive impact on emotional self-regulation, self-esteem, group interaction, and conflict-resolution skills. It is also evident that the active participation of teachers and parents is crucial in supporting the child's emotional development. As a final product, a pedagogical proposal titled "Small Emotions, Big Learnings" was designed. It includes 10 structured playful activities adapted to the developmental level and real-world context of children. In conclusion, playful strategies are an effective means to strengthen the development of emotional intelligence.