Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Derecho
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/83
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Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Responsabilidad civil médica en procedimientos estéticos electivos: análisis del consentimiento informado en el derecho ecuatoriano(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Calle Sumba, Pamela EstefaníaThis study examines medical civil liability arising from the omission, inadequacy, or defect of informed consent in elective procedures in Ecuador. The thesis is based on a central premise, because cosmetic surgery is predominantly non-therapeutic in nature, it requires a stricter duty to inform than that ordinarily required in curative medicine. On this basis, the study examines the constitutional foundations of the right to health, personal integrity, self-determination, and access to health information; the applicable Ecuadorian legal framework; the relevance of lex artis; the role of medical records and consent forms as evidence; and the relationship between contractual and tort liability. This study employs a qualitative, legal-dogmatic, and comparative methodology, involving a review of national and international legislation, case law, and legal doctrine. It concludes that in Ecuador, the lack of valid informed consent may give rise to civil liability even when no technical error in the performance of the procedure is proven, when the harm affects the patient’s self-determination, or when uninformed risks materialize. Finally, legal guidelines are proposed to strengthen informed consent in cosmetic surgery, aiming to simultaneously enhance patient protection and legal certainty for healthcare professionals. Keywords: medical professional liability, cosmetic surgery, informed consent, medical records, emotional distress.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , El internamiento involuntario en los centros de rehabilitación de adicciones y la vulneración del derecho a la libertad en Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Moreno Suarez, David Alexis; Sáchez Novillo, Josue EmmanuelThis study examined the Ecuadorian legal framework applicable to admissions to addiction rehabilitation centers, based on the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, which recognizes addiction as a public health issue and prohibits the criminalization of individuals who use drugs and any violation of their rights. It was argued that commitment is only legitimate when it preserves voluntariness and informed consent as essential conditions. The Organic Mental Health Law was analyzed, establishing voluntariness as the general rule and restricting involuntary commitment to exceptional cases, as well as the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code regarding illegal deprivation of liberty. Additionally, the technical regulations of Agency for Quality Assurance of Health Services and Prepaid Medicine (by its Spanish acronym ACESS) and the guidelines of the Ministry of Public Health (MSP, by its Spanish acronym) concerning Specialized Centers for the Treatment of People with Problematic Alcohol and Other Drug Use (by its Spanish acronym CETADs) were reviewed. Through the study of habeas corpus proceedings, patterns of unlawful detention and institutional opacity were identified. Based on these findings, a reform of the ACESS regulations was proposed, incorporating auditable safeguards and effective mechanisms for oversight and voluntary discharge. Keywords: informed consent, right to liberty, involuntary commitment, mental healthItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Peñafiel Macancela, Marco VinicioItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Regulación en la legislación ecuatoriana del régimen de visitas telemáticas.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Aulestia Pesantez, Kevin Josue; Vázquez Gallegos, Mateo SebastiánThis study evaluates the legal implications arising from the lack of regulation of virtual visitation in Ecuador, determining how the absence of specific legal provisions affects the rights of children and adolescents, including the right to communication, the right not to be separated from their parents, and the right to family coexistence, in accordance with the principle of the best interests of the child. Furthermore, the legal institution of the visitation regime was analyzed; the principal forms of interference carried out by the custodial parent were categorized; and, finally, a proposal for regulatory guidelines on virtual visitation regime and the sanctions applicable to restrictive conduct was established. The study employed an inductive-deductive method, enabling the determination of the current context of the problem and potential solutions. The research concludes that certain legislative reforms are imperative to safeguard the best interests of the child and guarantee their comprehensive development. Keywords: visitation regime, virtual visitation, principle of the best interests of the child, right to communication, non-custodial parentItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Responsabilidad civil por daño causado por animales. Análisis del artículo 2226 del código civil ecuatoriano y su naturaleza jurídica.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Landin Herrera, Christopher Steven; Tigre Landi, Jhonathan DavidIntroduction: Civil liability arising from damage caused by animals is an issue of growing importance in contemporary law, particularly due to the increasing coexistence between humans and domestic or farm animals, as well as the expansion of activities involving animals. Although the legal provision establishes a duty to provide compensation, it does not clearly define the legal nature of the applicable liability regime. This ambiguity has generated doctrinal debate as to whether the regime should be classified as strict, fault-based, or presumed liability. Objective: To analyze the impact on legal certainty for both victims and animal owners or custodians caused by the ambiguity of Article 2226 of the Ecuadorian Civil Code regarding the type of civil liability it establishes (strict, fault-based, or presumed). Methods: This study employs qualitative, analytical, comparative, and documentary methods to conduct an in-depth examination of Article 2226 of the Ecuadorian Civil Code and its implications for civil liability arising from damage caused by animals. Conclusions: This research provides a systematic analysis of civil liability arising from damage caused by animals under the Ecuadorian Civil Code, with particular emphasis on Article 2226 and its impact on legal certainty. Based on theoretical, normative, and comparative analysis, this study reaches significant conclusions that confirm the proposed hypothesis and underscore the need to strengthen the current regulatory framework. Keywords: civil liability, damage caused by animals, legal certainty, Ecuadorian Civil, Code, presumed faultItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Serrano Cajas, Camila EstefaniaItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , El principio de proporcionalidad en la valoración de las donaciones en vida dentro del acervo imaginario: análisis crítico y estudio de caso(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2026) Sacazari Cevallos, Daniela Margarita; Vega López, Alexander MauricioThis research analyzes the legal implications of valuing the inter vivos donations according to Article 1208 of the Ecuadorian Civil Code, which mandates that they be valued at the time of delivery. This study was conducted using a qualitative and descriptive methodology and examined the fictitious estate regime and its constitutional basis, using judicial proceeding No. 03203-2021-00341 as a reference case. Likewise, doctrinal and comparative law analysis identified that the application of historical valuation may violate the principle of equality and leave the legitimate rights of heirs unprotected. Finally, it is concluded that the interpretation of this provision should be guided by the proportionality test, allowing for exceptional adjustments and the use of current valuation when the literal wording of the law creates serious inequalities. In this way, the aim is to balance legal certainty with inheritance equality, thereby ensuring a fair distribution of the hereditary estate in the face of economic depreciation. Keywords: inter vivos donations, fictitious estate, proportionality, legitimate, inheritanceItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , La jurisprudencia constitucional y su impacto en el desarrollo y aplicación del derecho a la protección de datos personales.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Encalada Placencia, María Estefanía; Guallpa Loja, Mirian JeannethThis research analyzes how the decisions of the Ecuadorian Constitutional Court have influenced the understanding and application of jurisprudence in the protection of personal data. The study begins with a theoretical analysis, reviewing the main doctrines that guide this subject, such as legality, purpose, data minimization, and accountability, which have been adopted under constitutional criteria. The most important part of this study is the analysis of key rulings, such as Ruling No. 2064-14-EP/21, on the use of biometric data and the dissemination of intimate photographs without consent; Ruling No. 410-22-EP/23, which determines how habeas data should be used; and ruling No. 2919-19-EP/21, concerning the deletion of incorrect credit information and the right to honor. The results indicate that the Court’s decisions anticipated the Organic Law on Personal Data Protection, generating an impact throughout the entire legal system and the management of personal data. Keywords: personal data, jurisprudence, protection, ruling, constitutionItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Análisis de la eficacia de la reparación integral en las acciones de protección, Azogues 2024(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Flores Reinoso, Silvio AndrésThis article analyzed the effectiveness of the principle of full reparation in constitutional protection actions filed against administrative acts in Azogues during 2024. Through a qualitative and descriptive case study, judicial case files were examined to contrast the implementation of reparations with their effective fulfillment. The findings reveal a paradox: although judges correctly apply the principle and order reparatory measures, such as reinstatement, payment of salaries, and guarantees of non-repetition, the system exhibits a structural failure regarding the principle of immediate enforcement of judgments, as well as the organizational structure of the State, including its budgetary rigidity. It is concluded that the Organic Law on Jurisdictional Guarantees and Constitutional Control lacks ex officio monitoring mechanisms, which prevents verification of compliance with judicial decisions. This systemic deficiency weakens effective judicial protection, turning the promise of full reparation into a guarantee that, in practice, is not fully safeguarded by the State. Keywords: constitutional protection action, full reparation, effective judicial protection, enforcement of judgments, ineffectiveness.Item type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , El delito de comisión por omisión y las dificultades para determinar la imputación objetiva en la práctica médica ecuatoriana.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Vázquez Méndez, Richard StevenThis study analyzes how the equivalence clause of Article 28 of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code only allows omissions to be punished when a genuine guarantor position exists and an objective duty of care is established by law, contract, assumption of a functional role, or prior risk. Article 146, mainly designed for active conduct, does not address omissions in medical practice; therefore, it generates inconsistent outcomes. Through a documentary analysis of doctrine, legislation, and jurisprudence from 2014 to 2025, this study presents operational rules for objective attribution (ex ante avoidability in accordance with the lex artis, the principle of trust, and the prohibition of regression, and solid proof of the causal link). In this regard, the study proposes an interpretive framework that reduces decisional disparity, protects patients without criminalizing permitted risks, and strengthens the legal certainty of healthcare personnel when intervention is genuinely necessary. Keywords: commission by omission, guarantor position, lex artis, permitted risk, objective attributionItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Consentimiento informado y responsabilidad penal en la salud: causal de justificación de la antijuricidad.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Domíguez Chérrez, Paul FernandoIn Ecuador, informed consent is a constitutional right that protects patient autonomy; however, its capacity to exclude criminal unlawfulness for harmful results inherent to medical practice is not expressly regulated in criminal legislation. This study analyzes, from a dogmatic-criminal methodology and with a review of national jurisprudence, whether valid informed consent, in accordance with lex artis, can operate as a cause for criminal justification. It examines the constitutional and legal framework, the dogma of unlawfulness, and contrasts it with the models of Germany, Spain, Colombia, and Argentina. The results show that informed consent, when it complies with formal and material requirements, can be interpreted as a “regular exercise of the right to personal autonomy,” excluding unlawfulness and harmonizing the principles of legality, dignity, and individual freedom. A probative protocol that allows for distinguishing between admissible medical harm and criminally reprehensible injury is proposed, strengthening the legal security of healthcare professionals and patients' rights. Keywords: informed consent; unlawfulness; justification; medical criminal liability; right to personal autonomyItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Gallegos Orellana, Stephany CarolinaItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Análisis jurídico del divorcio unilateral y el impacto de las causas subjetivas de la disolución del matrimonio en el Ecuador.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Duchi Mainato, Sara Nicole; Saavedra Lema, Evelyn GabrielaThis research analyzes how fault-based divorce currently operates in Ecuador, as regulated in Article 110 of the Civil Code, and questions the extent to which this model aligns with the Constitution of the country, which centers on human dignity, freedom, autonomy of will, and the free development of personality. It also compares this reality with experiences where unilateral or no-fault divorce already exists. The study addresses these objectives through a qualitative methodology, with a documentary design and a descriptive and analytical approach, based on a systematic review of regulations, doctrine, and national jurisprudence, along with an analysis of reforms adopted in Spain, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. The study shows that the fault-based system maintains a moralizing logic that is incompatible with the constitutional State. Consequently, it suggests moving toward a no-fault divorce system that recognizes personal will as a sufficient reason to dissolve a marriage. Keywords: unilateral divorce, fault-based system, personal autonomy, free development of personality, family lawItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Análisis de la importancia de implementar la libertad testamentaria en Ecuador.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Chávez Romero, María Cristina; González Ochoa, María EmiliaThis research examines the importance of implementing testamentary freedom in Ecuador by analyzing the current succession framework and the restrictions arising from forced heirship rules. A doctrinal and legal review is conducted on the testament, its historical evolution, and the limitations imposed by forced heirship and the rights of compulsory heirs. Through a dogmatic and comparative methodology, international succession models are studied, ranging from systems with broad freedom to dispose of property by will to those with mixed or restrictive approaches. In addition, Ecuadorian case law is analyzed to highlight the conflicts generated by the tension between the testator’s intent and the legal protection afforded to the family. The findings suggest that adopting a mixed model of testamentary freedom could modernize Ecuador’s succession regime, strengthen the testator’s autonomy, and reduce potential litigation, while maintaining minimum safeguards for the protection of heirs in situations of vulnerability. Keywords: testamentary freedom, forced heirship, legitimate share, forced heirs, succession, EcuadorItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Análisis de las medidas de apremio personal frente al cumplimiento de pensiones alimenticias en Azogues durante el año 2023(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Montero Gutiérrez, María EmiliaThis research critically analyzes the coercive measure of detention used to enforce child support payments in Azogues, considering that this coercive measure seeks to guarantee the timely payment of child support obligations by obligators. The research examines its legal foundations, its proportionality, and its relationship with the principle of the best interests of the child through a qualitative approach with a descriptive and analytical design, supported by doctrinal, legal, and jurisprudential analysis, and complemented by interviews with judges and family law attorneys in the canton. The results show that, although personal coercion is a legitimate and necessary mechanism, it has limitations that reduce its practical effectiveness due to shortcomings in judicial procedures. Therefore, the proposal is to balance its application with the child’s well-being by strengthening public policies that promote parental co- responsibility and ensure comprehensive protection. Keywords: right to food, civil law, child support, coercive detention, best interests of the childItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Habeas corpus preventivo y su necesidad de inserción en la legislación ecuatoriana(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Gualán Guaillas, Magaly Hortencia; Zhau Alulema, Erika YesseniaPreventive habeas corpus is conceived as a constitutional guarantee aimed at anticipating the violation of the right to personal liberty in the face of real and imminent threats. Its absence in Ecuadorian legislation creates a gap that weakens the effective protection of rights, forcing judges to resort to extensive interpretations to compensate for this deficiency. Although the Constitutional Court has mentioned this mechanism in one of its judgments, it has not developed criteria supporting its recognition as a constitutional guarantee. This omission highlights the need to expressly incorporate it, especially when corrective and restorative measures prove insufficient in the face of pre-detention threats prior to detention. Comparative experience in Argentina and Peru demonstrates the feasibility and relevance of its application. Therefore, it is essential to define this guarantee within constitutional parameters that ensure the effective protection of freedom and strengthen the protective nature of the State. Keywords: preventive habeas corpus, rights, personal freedom, purposesItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , El cumplimiento de la reparación integral en delitos contra la vida: Análisis de los procesos tramitados en la Unidad Judicial Penal del cantón Azogues, entre el año 2022 y 2024.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Lucero Morales, Angélica MaricelaComprehensive reparation is of utmost importance in all legal systems due to its purpose: to compensate for a specific harm and to guarantee that it will not be violated again through various mechanisms established by International Law and other regulatory bodies that have directly addressed it. In Ecuador, comprehensive compensation assumes greater importance in the criminal field, as this branch is responsible for punishing certain illegal acts and, consequently, for repairing the resulting damage. In this regard, this study analyzes whether everything that is regulated in our legal framework, the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador (CRE, by its Spanish acronym) and the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP, by its Spanish acronym in Spanish) are effectively implemented, or whether they remain merely declarative provisions due to the excessive amounts established in the rulings of the Criminal Court of the Province of Cañar. Keywords: comprehensive reparation, compensation, compliance, sentenced person, excessive amountsItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , El principio de legalidad frente al cobro de contribuciones especiales de mejoras realizadas por EMAPAL-EP en el año 2017(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Buri Pacheco, Karol Belen; Escobar Andrade, Úrsula NikolThis research focuses on determining whether the collection of Special Improvement Contributions (CEM) by the Municipal Public Water, Sewerage, and Sanitation Company of Azogues (EMAPAL-EPZ, by its Spanish acronym) in 2024, corresponding to works executed in 2017, violates the principle of legality. To this end, a documentary and legal analysis was conducted regarding the powers of the tax administration, the process that validates the tax collection, and the legal effect of the administration's failure to exercise its determining authority. Based on surveys conducted with property owners and information obtained from the institution itself and other public documents, it was found that the collection lacks legal basis, as there is no municipal ordinance that legitimizes such taxes, the deadline for exercising the collection authority has expired, and the payment notifications were issued without an enforceable credit title, constituting a clear breach of the principle of legality. Keywords: principle of legality, special improvement contributions, ordinance, expiration, collectionItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , Índices Predictivos de Vía Aérea Difícil versus Uso de Ultrasonido para una Intubación Exitosa. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Ulloa Matovelle, María PaulaBackground: In procedures requiring intubation, the respiratory tract is essential for maintaining homeostasis. Considering the subjectivity of predictive indices for difficult airways, ultrasound has emerged as a complementary tool that provides greater precision and objectivity in identifying conditions that favor successful intubation. Objective: To compare the different predictive indices for difficult respiratory tract, highlighting their advantages and limitations in clinical practice through an exhaustive literature review. It is based on relevant studies on predictive indices for difficult respiratory tract and the use of ultrasound for a successful procedure; which is aligned with objective 3 of the Regional Observatory on Planning for Development: “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages” and is supported by objective 6 of the National Development Plan, which aims to “Guarantee the right to comprehensive, free, and quality healthcare.” Methods: A retrospective descriptive qualitative study was conducted based on the PRISMA statement, by reviewing scientific articles and doctoral thesis from international universities and universities in southern Ecuador to contextualize the local reality. Results: The quality of the methods used, the study population, and the various variables were evaluated to compare and contrast respiratory tract predictive indices and understand the effectiveness of ultrasound. Conclusions: The use of ultrasound is more effective than the difficult respiratory tract indices. Keywords: intubation, indices, ultrasound, respiratory tractItem type: Ítem , Access status: Acceso Abierto , La multiparentalidad y los desafíos jurídicos para el ejercicio de derechos y obligaciones parentales en la legislación ecuatoriana.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Naranjo Carrera, Lucas Fernando; Quispillo Morocho , Joel JavierThe research analyzed the evolution of the concept of family in Ecuadorian law and non-traditional family models, highlighting multiparentality as an emerging phenomenon. The study examined the normative and jurisprudential transformations recognizing family diversity, as well as the legal and practical challenges arising from registering more than two parents. The main objective was to analyze the principal legal challenges arising from the recognition of multiparentality in Ecuador regarding parental rights and obligations, to identify regulatory limitations, and propose possible solutions. Through a comparative analysis with legal systems of Canada, Cuba, the United States, Brazil, and Argentina, it was found that Ecuador lacks explicit regulation on multiparentality, leading to legal gaps and potential risks of rights violations. The study concludes that it is essential to harmonize the Ecuadorian legal framework with social reality, while always ensuring the best interests of the child. Keywords: multiparentality, family, socioaffectivity, filiation
