Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Enfermería
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Examinando Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Enfermería por Asesores "Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel"
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoConocimientos de la cadena de frio del personal de enfermería en las unidades de salud de los sectores rurales de los catones Azogues y Biblian de la provincia del Cañar, período marzo-octubre del 2019(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2019) Rivera Rivera, Adriana Elizabeth; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302493630; ., .Background: The cold chain is the set of logistic procedures, which ensures the storage process, the correct conservation, transport and distribution of vaccines at a certain temperature (+2 +8) from when they leave the manufacturing laboratories until they reach your final destination Objective: To determine the knowledge of the cold chain, of the nurses who work in the health centers of the rural sectors of the Azogues and Biblián. Method and Materials: A study was carried out with a quantitative approach, prospective descriptive design, of a transversal type in the nursing staff working in the health centers of the rural sectors of the Azogues and Biblián, the information was processed through a computer program (SPSS software version 25), the analysis and the results were presented in the corresponding tables. Results: Deficiency of knowledge in some issues related to standards and protocols on cold chain management, including location of vaccines with 45.7%, temperature of cold packages before placing in the thermos 72.9%, location of the refrigerator 45.7%, also in the sociodemographic conditions 65.7% are between 18 and 27 years old, 97.1% are female, 84.3% have work experience under 5 years, 70% are professionals and 94.3% have received training. Conclusions: The elements and processes involved in the management of cold chain for transport, and conservation of vaccines are fundamental worldwide, which is why this research work was based on the collection of information through a survey, same which allowed to verify that the knowledge of the Nursing staff is deficient in some basic subjects, and to conclude that more training is required. KEY WORDS:
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCumplimiento del esquema de vacunación en niños menores de 5 años en tiempos de COVID-19: Distrito 03D01 Azogues, Biblián y Déleg(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Cruz Bravo, Tatiana Elizabeth; Saltos Matute, Jessica Alexandra; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302396007; 0105465231; ., .Introducción: la pandemia por COVID-19 que azota al mundo, ha creado un nuevo escenario para el esquema de inmunización regular de cada país, el descenso en la cobertura vacunal de niños menores de 5 años es alarmante. Las implicaciones de disminución pueden ocasionar en un futuro brotes graves de enfermedades ya erradicadas, lo que causaría complicaciones leves e incluso la muerte de millones de infantes. Objetivo: determinar el cumplimiento del esquema de vacunación en niños menores de 5 años en tiempos de COVID-19: Distrito 03D01 Azogues, Biblián y Déleg. Metodología: se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptivo no experimental, de corte trasversal con enfoque cuantitativo. El universo estuvo compuesto por 12.003 niños, se determinó mediante la fórmula probabilística una muestra de 241 niños/as. La técnica que se utilizo fue la encuesta, el instrumento contiene 16 preguntas cerradas que fueron elaboradas y validadas por tres profesionales expertos, se realizó una prueba piloto sin presentar dificultad, después de su aplicación en diferentes plataformas virtuales, los datos fueron procesados y analizados en los programas SPSS 23 y EXCEL 2016 mediante frecuencias, porcentajes que fueron representados en tablas estadísticas. Resultados: entre las características sociodemográficas se destaca la edad media de los niños fue 31,7 meses, género masculino con un 50,2%. El 31% de la población cumplió con el esquema de vacunación. Las vacunas con retraso elevado fue DTP e influenza 73%, fiebre amarilla 72% bOPV 70%. Los factores que influyeron en la demora del cumplimiento del esquema destacan con el 31,5% miedo al contagio y 16,2% no había la vacuna en las unidades. Conclusión: el estudio determinó que el 69% de niños incumplieron con el calendario de vacunación, las circunstancias del retraso están directamente asociadas con el confinamiento, distanciamiento social, miedo al contagio de la COVID-19.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 en el estilo de vida de personas de 24 a 59 años de edad. Revisión sistemática”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Chabla Chauca, María Jazmín; Saeteros Rodríguez, Carla Piedad; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302896105; 0302670799; ., .COVID-19 affected the world's population. It originated in China (Wuhan), locally, nationally, and internationally, and evolved into a global pandemic. The people's-lifestyle changed in aspects, for instance, diet, physical activity, sleep, leisure, and others. The increase directly affected the holistic configuration of humans, and over the years, the consequences are still present in some people. Objective: To identify the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle of people aged 24 to 59. Methodology: The research is a systematic review with a descriptive approach; a selection of scientific articles was performed on Scopus, SciELO, Dialnet, Zenodo, PubMed, and ProQuest databases, from 2020 to 2022. The PRISMA method’s parameters and recommendations were used to complete this process. Results: The studies show that women aged 24 to 59 were the most affected group. Regarding people's habits, there is evidence of changes in diet, physical activity, and psychological problems, including anxiety, depression, and fear. Conclusion: Lifestyles worldwide are affected by the population concerning various behaviors, for example, diet, physical activity, and sleep, which determine psychological problems, especially anxiety, depression, stress, and nutritional alterations, including overweight and obesity.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Enfermedades no transmisibles: Adherencia al tratamiento, prevención y control en personas diabéticas de la parroquia Guapán; diciembre 2022- marzo 2023.”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Buestan Macancela, Stalin Ricardo; Guncay Guallpa, Luis Alfredo; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302847538; 0302287420; ., .Introduction: Diabetes is a non-communicable disease characterized by the loss of insulin secretion, being essential the adherence to treatment by the person suffering from it to avoid complications in their living conditions. Objective: To analyze adherence to treatment, prevention, and control in diabetic people of Guapán parish from December 2022 to March 2023. Methodology: A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted with a quantitative approach. The population sample was 97 adults living in the Guapán parish; the instrument was validated through a factor analysis of principal components and under the Rasch methodology, identifying five factors evaluated through 13 items and utilizing Cronbach's alpha with 0.740. Results: The prevalent gender was female with 67.0%; (39.2%) were married; the mean age was from 45 to 64 years (51.5%); high school education level (41.2%); housewives (39.2%); complies with the monthly disease control (79.4%). Diabetes Mellitus type 1 predominance (60.8%); Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (39.2%); compliance with the recommendations indicated for taking medication (80.4%); low salt diet (79.4%); frequent glucose testing (69.1%). Conclusions: A minimum percentage of people with diabetes who reach the maximum level of treatment adherence was evidenced, considering that there is a large group that is not adherent, so it is vital to improving promotion and prevention.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Enfermedades no transmisibles: adherencia al tratamiento, prevención y control en personas diabéticas del cantón Biblián; diciembre 2022- marzo 2023”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Auqui Cajas, Daniela Lisseth; Cabrera Auqui, Estefanía Mishell; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302874185; 0302876503; ., .Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a pathology caused by pancreatic beta cells' deficit of insulin production; most of its risk factors are modifiable. Objective: To analyze adherence to treatment, prevention, and control in diabetic persons in Biblián canton, from December 2022 to March 2023. Materials and methods: A descriptive/correlational cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted in a sample of 114 adults aged 22-64 years living in Biblián canton with a diagnosis of diabetes. A validated instrument was used for data collection through factor analysis and under the Rasch methodology, identifying five factors using 13 items and Cronbach's alpha with 0.770. Results: The results show that 59.6% are female, marital status: married (60.5%), age between 45-59 years (69.0%), elementary education (31.6%), occupation: household chores (33.3%), diabetes mellitus type 2 (79.8%), and monthly controls performed (68.4%). The results show that 7.0% of the study population reaches maximum adherence to treatment; however, the rest of the population is close to it, with 91.3%, while 1.7% has minimal treatment adherence. Conclusions: Low adherence to the therapeutic regimen is observed; nevertheless, there is a high percentage in the study population with the predisposition to maintain an optimal state of health.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoFactores de riesgo asociados a infecciones de vías urinarias en población infantil(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2020) Latacela Buestán, Julia Jacinta; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302720685; ., .Introducción: La infección del tracto urinario ITU, es una de las afecciones más comunes en la infancia, cuya prevalencia varía con la edad, alcanzando su punto máximo en bebés, niños pequeños y adolescentes y que están relacionadas con anomalías estructurales, funcionales o de inmunidad. Objetivo: Analizar los factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones de vías urinarias en la población infantil Metodología: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo desarrollado en torno a bases de fuentes científicas y confiables utilizando gestores como: Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of sciences, Lilacs. Se incluyeron artículos científicos relacionados directamente con los factores asociados a las ITU en la población infantil, publicados en el periodo del 2015 a 2020, en idioma inglés y español. Resultados: Los resultados de la búsqueda bibliográfica se presentaron en tablas, en la búsqueda inicial se encontraron 5736, se descartaron 5706 y finalmente se contó con 30 artículos que fueron seleccionados por su aporte al cumplimiento de las preguntas de investigación. Los resultados principales se muestran de manera descriptiva y a modo de comparaciones entre los diversos criterios de los autores. Conclusión: Se concluye que los principales factores de riesgo para la infección del tracto urinario está el género femenino, menores de 6 años, en episodios infrecuentes se relaciona con la Escherichia coli, mientras que las infecciones recurrentes y la bacteriuria asintomática suelen ser el resultado de malformaciones del tracto urinario, alteraciones de la vejiga o malformaciones nefrourológicas.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoFactores de riesgo que llevaron al desarrollo del pie diabético en pacientes atendidos en el servicio de podología del hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, septiembre 2017 - enero 2018(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2018) Avendaño Reyes, Johanna Elizabeth; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0301854287; ., .Background: Diabetic foot is a compilation of diabetes mellitus., constitutes a clinical alteration characterized by the presence of ulceration, infection and destruction of deep tissues as a consequence of neuropathy and arteriopathy, the main cause of non-traumatic lower extremities amputation. General Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to determine the main risk factors that led to the development of diabetic foot in podiatry patients in the Hospital Jose Carrasco Arteaga. Methodology and materials: It has been made a descriptive study, retrospective and transverse cohort with a sample of 60 patients. The data was obtained of the virtual records contained of the medical system AS400, subsequently they were tabulated, processed and presented in tables with percentages through the statistical program SPSS. Results: The main risk factors evidenced are: Advanced age with 70 %, sedentary lifestyle 100%, comorbidities associated, especially arterial hypertension with a 46,7%, overweight 28,3%, smoking 66,6%, inadequate metabolic control of diabetes mellitus evidenced by elevated levels of glycosylated hemoglobin with an 93.4%. Most of our study patients are men, with an 80%, retired with an 46,7%, residents of urban areas with an 61,7%. The ulcerative lesions with the highest percent found staged according to the classification of the scale of Wagner I with an 41,7%. Conclusion: Most of the risk factors in patients of the study are of modifiable type and coincide with other similar studies ., ulcerative lesions are in the early stages.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoFactores que influyen al, incumplimiento del apego precoz y lactancia materna inmediata del recién nacido, hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, octubre - marzo 2019(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2019) Regalado Espinoza, Andrea Isabel; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302713458; ., .Objective: to determine the main factors that influence the non-compliance of early attachment and immediate breastfeeding of the newborn. Methodology: a descriptive, quantitative, prospective cross-sectional research will be used. The technique is the survey and the instrument is the questionnaire and the food registration sheet joint accommodation - neonatology; the universe of study is made up of all the patients who are hospitalized after delivery in the area of gynecology of the Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo in the city of Azogues, province of Cañar, in the months of November and December; The probabilistic sample consists of 150 mothers. Results: 22.0% were in the middle or late adolescence, 38.7% in the range of young adults. 49.3% have a secondary level of education, 38.7% have a primary level and 11.3% have a higher level. 50.7% presented a eutocic delivery and 49.3% a dystocic delivery. 74% have knowledge deficits about early attachment and 8.7% have brief features. 48.7% immediately received their baby after delivery, 30% received it in the first hour of birth, 17.3% in the first half hour. Conclusions: The main factor in the breach of early attachment are the cesarean 49.3% and within these 81.1% the position of the arms and with 6.8% the mother was sedated and does not know why.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoFactores relacionados con la predisposión al uso de sucedáneos de leche materna versus alimentación con leche materna en niños menores de dos años, pediatría, Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, período septiembre 2019 - febrero 2020(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2020) Patiño Calle, Lourdes Ximena; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302044839; ., .Objective: To determine the factors related to the predisposition of the use of breast milk substitutes versus breast milk feeding in children under two years of age, in the pediatric area of the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital. Methodology: Non-experimental research, of descriptive type of cross-sectional, qualitative approach, since it will focus on the identification of factors related to the use of breast milk substitutes, a data collection sheet was used, the same as It was previously validated by experts, and applied to all mothers of children under 2 years of age, hospitalized in the Pediatric area of the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital in the period September 2019-February 2020. Data processing and analysis was performed with the statistical package SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: The main factor related to the predisposition of the use of breast milk substitutes versus breast milk was the hypogalactia referred to in 32.10%, followed by the incorporation into the labor force with 9.50%, the use of food mixed in 49.60%, and breastfeeding in 33.60% of children. The use of formula milk was recommended by a doctor in 45.30% of cases and 89.80% of children used a bottle for feeding. In children who were hospitalized, there is a mixed diet in 52.63% followed by the use of the formula with 26.31%. As for the instrument or means for feeding, there was a 52.63% use of the bottle, followed by administration by tube with 31.57%. Evidence of non-compliance with the ESAMyN regulations. Conclusion: The factors that predispose to the use of breast milk substitutes versus breast milk is hypogalactia and the incorporation to work activity, a mixed diet prevails over maternal feeding, the instrument used for feeding the child is the bottle. The average age of abandonment of breastfeeding was at 4 months and the incorporation of the substitutes was at 2 months.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Nivel de conocimientos sobre cuidados paliativos en enfermeras/os. Revisión sistemática”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Saldaña Guillcatanda, José Manuel; Vallejo Espinoza, Jennifer Carolina; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302306626; 0350012563; ., .Introduction: Palliative care offers a better quality of life for patients and their families who face certain diseases categorized as severe or life-threatening, being essential the role of nursing in comprehensive care and accompaniment is to improve the quality of life in their last days. Objective: To determine the knowledge level of palliative care in nurses. Methodology: In a systematic review study with a descriptive approach, information was searched in different databases such as SciELO, Redalyc, Web of Science, Scopus, Researchgate, and Google Scholar in Portuguese and English, articles published in the last five years; it was used parameters and recommendations of the PRISMA method. Results: In the sociodemographic characteristics, it prevails age between 20 and 50 years old, female, experience between 5 to 10 years with postgraduate training, specialization, and diploma. The instrument assessed the psychosocial, spiritual, philosophy-principles, pain, and control of other symptoms, showing a medium knowledge level, and the activities of nursing professionals based on symptomatology such as pain, gastrointestinal, respiratory and urinary problems. Conclusion: Nursing professionals perform their activities based on the primary symptoms such as pain and others that affect important systems such as respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary, determining that knowledge about palliative care corresponds to a medium and low level, reflected mainly in the psychosocial, spiritual, and philosophical areas.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Prevalencia y factores asociados para el desarrollo de ictericia neonatal. Revisión Sistemática”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Cabrera Perguachi, María José; Rivera Saquicela, Daniela Joselin; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302913009; 0302469333; ., .Neonatal jaundice is a frequent clinical condition observed in neonatology services; this health condition is physiological and pathological. It is estimated that 50 to 70% of neonates have physiological jaundice during their first days. Objective: to analyze the prevalence and associated factors for developing neonatal jaundice. Methodology: a systematic descriptive review of the last five years was conducted using computer platforms such as Scopus, Elsevier, Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. The information was cataloged using the PRISMA method. Results: 15 articles were included in the research concerning sociodemographic characteristics; from 38 492 neonates, 7 610 of them had jaundice; the male sex prevails with 3 840, black race with 41 neonates, gestational age at term has a prevalence of 2 902, associated factors are neonatal sepsis with 467, ABO incompatibility with 330, neonatal infections with 187, and Rh incompatibility with 121 cases. The most frequent complications are Kernicterus, with 143 patients, followed by 87 cases of chronic encephalopathy with bilirubin. Conclusions: Predominance of the male sex, black race, neonatal gestational age at term, high prevalence in all countries worldwide. The principal causes are systemic inflammatory response syndrome, ABO and Rh incompatibility, and neonatal infections. The main complications are related to central nervous system disorders.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoProceso de atención de enfermería en pacientes pediátricos con quemaduras(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Zhumi Lazo, Nube Estefanía; Romero Gordillo, Jessica Estefanía; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302713243; 0302639760; ., .Introducción: Las lesiones por quemaduras representan un importante problema de salud infantil con un elevado riesgo de morbimortalidad, la mayoría de estos accidentes ocurren en el hogar, se requiere la aplicación de procedimientos sistemáticos como el proceso de atención de enfermería caracterizado por ser un instrumento metodológico con evidencias científicas en el cual se diagnostica, planifica, ejecuta y evalúa las acciones. Objetivos: Analizar el proceso de atención de enfermería en pacientes pediátricos con quemaduras. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y corte longitudinal. Se dio una selección de artículos científicos obtenidos de las bases de datos: Scopus, Pudmed, Web of Science, Lilacs, Redalyc y Scielo, en el periodo comprendido entre 2016 al 2021 se siguió los parámetros y recomendaciones del método PRISMA Resultados: La base de datos se presentó en tablas, en la búsqueda inicial se encontraron 935, se descartaron 737 y finalmente se contó con 44 artículos seleccionados por su aporte al cumplimiento de los objetivos específicos. Los resultados principales se exponen de manera descriptiva y a modo de comparaciones entre los diversos criterios de los autores. Conclusión: Las quemaduras en niños son las más frecuentes, la atención de enfermería es un elemento clave para su recuperación, se evidenció que no en todos los casos se cumple con las etapas del PAE y los principales diagnósticos son: déficit del volumen de líquidos, deterioro de la integridad cutánea, dolor, riesgo de infección, en la taxonomía en pocos estudios se aplica su clasificación de manera completa.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Rol de Enfermería en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Revisión Sistemática”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Cárdenas Allaico, Jessenia Carolina; Chauca Guallpa, Erika Jacqueline; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0302927504; 0302366513; ., .Introduction: Primary health care PHC is the first contact of users with the health system, where the nursing staff represents the largest group within the care team; the role they manage is essential to raising the level of health and to providing changes in the health habits of the individual, family, and community. Objective: To analyze the function of nursing in primary health care through a literature examination. Methodology: It was conducted using a review of the publications in the last five years on computer platforms such as PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. The information was cataloged through the PRISMA method. Results: 21 articles were included in the research. Concerning the studies examined, the role of nursing in Primary Health Care is mainly related to promotion and prevention activities, and the barriers to development are evidenced by the lack of support, respect, and workload. Conclusion: The position of nursing in PHC should be well established and defined in the institutional regime in such a way that greater professional satisfaction is obtained, overcoming the dilemmas of daily practice as nurses, focusing on the prevention, promotion, treatment, and rehabilitation, and thus linking health services wit individuals and the community, in addition to contributing to access to PHC.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoRol del profesional de enfermería en el fomento de la lactancia materna(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Siguenza Pasato, María Alexandra; Abad Martínez, Nancy Isabel; 0106240195; ., .Introduction: Nurses play an essential role in breastfeeding, providing communicative support and assistance during various stages. Breastfeeding represents the only food that transfers nutrients and defenses from the mother to the newborn, strengthening infants’ physical, cognitive, and mental development. Objective: To establish the role of nursing professionals in promoting breastfeeding. Methodology: This is a descriptive systematic review; the information search was conducted on SciELO, Scopus, Redalyc, Google Scholar, PubMed, and LILACS (VHL) databases, published in the last five years under the parameters and recommendations of the PRISMA method. Results: It is evident that the nurses' role prevails in the gestational stage; through informative support and advice on the importance of breastfeeding, a high percentage of nurses know the subject. The leading causes of breastfeeding abandonment are physical factors, including breast pain, low milk production, mastitis, and cracked nipples. Conclusion: Nurses should be trained to effectively fulfill their role in promoting breastfeeding, starting during the gestational stage and continuing to monitor breastfeeding compliance during the first six months of the child's life; this directly influences children's growth and well-being.