Adaptación y validación del test AF5 de autoconcepto en la población ecuatoriana: un estudio piloto.

Abstract

Self-concept is a multidimensional construct that plays a key role in personal development and social interactions. However, instruments for assessing it must be adapted to specific contexts. This pilot study aims to adapt and validate the AF-5 Self-Concept Test in the Ecuadorian population, ensuring its cultural adaptation and psychometric properties. A quantitative approach was employed with 210 young adults aged 19 to 30 years. The process included linguistic and cultural adaptation, evaluation by expert judges, and validity and reliability analyses using exploratory factor analysis and statistical tests, such as Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Ω. The results showed that Bartlett's test of sphericity (χ² = 3177, p < 0.001) and the KMO index (0.863) confirmed the adequacy of the data, identifying five theoretical factors (academic/work, social, emotional, family, and physical), plus one additional factor, explaining 54.3% of the variance. The overall reliability of the test was high (α = 0.906, Ω = 0.911), although the family subscale was less consistent (α = 0.493). In conclusion, the adapted version of the AF-5 Test demonstrated validity and reliability, allowing for the assessment of self- concept in the Ecuadorian context. Its use in research and clinical practice with young adults is recommended, as well as future studies with larger samples to consolidate its psychometric properties.