Factores protectores y de riesgo en relaciones de pareja y su influencia en el bienestar psicológico en universitarios: una revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Psychological well-being in university students is associated with multiple personal and relational variables, including the quality of affective bonds. This systematic review aimed to analyze the scientific evidence on the relationship between protective and risk factors linked to interpersonal relationships and psychological well-being in university students. A systematic review of cross-sectional observational studies published between 2015 and 2025 in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis databases was conducted. The selection process was developed following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and methodological quality was assessed using the “Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies” tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Seven studies were included. The findings show that social support, the quality of affective ties, autonomy, and life goals are associated with higher levels of psychological well-being, while low self-esteem, risk behaviors, and conflictual relationship dynamics are associated with higher levels of emotional symptoms. It is concluded that relational factors constitute relevant correlates of psychological well-being in university students, however, the evidence is predominantly cross-sectional, which does not allow to establish causal relationships.