Utilidad de la antropología forense para la identificación del sexo en cadáveres mediante el análisis morfológico y métrico del cráneo

Abstract

Background: Forensic anthropology focuses on investigating human remains; this discipline has risen significantly in recent years. In general, its participation is necessary when the corpses are in an advanced state of decomposition and the facial features no longer allow recognition. Skeletons, bones, bone fragments, and burned bodies are materials that require forensic anthropology to investigate specific characteristics. It is worth noting that forensic anthropologists work not only with human remains but also in cases of living persons, such as undocumented people or adults who do not know their identity and require legal validation. General Objective: To describe the use of forensic anthropology to identify sex in corpses through morphological and metric analysis of the skull. Methodology: This is a theoretical, explanatory, descriptive study in which data will be obtained from updated scientific articles referenced using a Zotero data manager. Results: In forensic anthropology, the morphological and metric features of the skull and characteristics of different structures, such as the frontal bone, foramen magnum, and occipital condyle, are evidenced. Anthropological morphometric analysis methods estimate the biological profile: age, sex, and ancestry. Conclusions: According to the scientific literature, the effectiveness of morphological and metric analysis of the skull in sex identification in forensic anthropology is one of the most utilized methods because of its accuracy.