Factores asociados a hemorragia postparto

Abstract

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE. lntroduction: Postpartum hemorrhage is considered as vaginal blood loss within the first 24 hours after delivery, which is why it is considered one of the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide and with the highest prevalence in underdeveloped countries. Objective: In order to assess the level of scientific evidence on the factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage Method: this research analyses systematically scientific articles from various systems available on the web such as Medline, PubMed, Elsevier, Scielo, and Google Scholar, which meet the inclusion criteria ofbeing in English or Spanish, and carried out within the last 5 years. Later a database was structured to sort the information, analyze it and establish a structured criterion. Results: The results obtained demonstrate the prevalence of PPH is highly variable, thus it ranges between 1.8% and 23.2% in women in the postpartum stage. Conclusion: To sum up, worldwide prevalence of PPH reaches 5% in developing countries and, in our country, it is the second cause of maternal death, after hypertensive disorders ofpregnancy. Related factors that influence on PPH are: The number one is being uterine atony followed by trauma or tears of the cervical and vaginal canal, mothers aged after the second decade of life, fetal macrosomia, prolonged labor, placenta accreta; the main complications triggered by PPH were hysterectomy, tear repair, hypovolemic shock, and anemia.