Hernioplastia inguinal: abordaje abierto versus laparoscópico y sus complicaciones. Revisión Sistemática.

Abstract

Background: To compare the open approach versus the laparoscopic approach in inguinal hernioplasty and describe their complications through a systematic review of scientific articles based on the PRISMA guidelines.

Methodology: A systematic review employing the PRISMA 2020 guidelines will compile updated information from various scientific databases such as Cochrane, Scopus, and PubMed, considering articles that meet the inclusion criteria.

Results: A total of 25 records were obtained. There are two precise indications for choosing the laparoscopic technique: recurrent hernias and obese patients. Other indications for surgical approach depend on the surgeon, patient, and resources available. Laparoscopic hernioplasty has fewer significant postoperative complications. Both approaches have many benefits, but laparoscopy offers more significant advantages, outweighing conventional surgery.

Conclusions: Currently, the laparoscopic approach is considered superior to the conventional one when it comes to surgically managing inguinal hernias, with the main focus on outcomes. Despite the recent growth of laparoscopy, the tension-free Lichtenstein technique is preferred in many settings due to lower cost or resource availability. However, the choice between the two techniques depends, among other factors, on each patient's condition.