Deserción en la educación escolar en zona de Ricaurte - Cuenca – Ecuador

Abstract

School dropout or desertion is a phenomenon that expanded during the global COVID-19 pandemic due to the closure of economic activities throughout the country, which produced unemployed people with no income. This issue had a more significant impact on rural areas than the urban zones of Cuenca in the province of Azuay. In the Ricaurte parish, these conditions of school dropout have been observed among students due to the lack of economic resources. Therefore, it has been proposed to address this phenomenon generated in rural education during the closure of the educational units. This research aims to analyze the causes that determine school dropout in the “Santiago de Compostela” School in the rural area of Ricaurte, Cuenca, Azuay. A quantitative research method with a field design was used. The population was 430 students, and the sample consisted of 220 subjects. A documentary and field technique was applied through a survey and a questionnaire as an instrument. The results showed a medium level of school dropout attributed to migratory, economic, and family conditions. The school does not attract students' interest, and consequently, it is concluded that there is a direct relationship between the social, economic, and family causes of students and school dropout.