Influencia de la actividad física en la salud mental de los jóvenes: revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Currently, the mental health of young people has become a priority due to the increasing cases of stress, anxiety, and depression in this population. As a preventive and therapeutic strategy, physical activity has gained relevance for its positive influence on psychological well-being. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the influence of physical activity on young people's mental health through a literature review. The methodology employed had a qualitative approach with a descriptive scope, utilizing information sources from digital databases and prioritizing scientific articles in Spanish published in the last 10 years. Thirty-two articles were included in this research, while theses and monographs were excluded. The results revealed that regular physical activity is associated with improved mood, reduced stress levels, decreased symptoms of anxiety and depression, and increased self-esteem and overall well-being. Additionally, physical exercise promotes the regulation of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which are essential for emotional balance, and contributes to developing social skills through group activities. In conclusion, regular physical activity not only improves the physical health of young people but also plays a crucial role in strengthening their mental health. Thus, it is recommended that programs that promote physical exercise be implemented in schools, families, and communities as an integral part of mental health care. Keywords: physical activity, mental health, young people, psychological well-being