El uso de ácido acetilsalicílico y reducción del riesgo de cáncer colorrectal

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and lethal malignancies in Western countries. Its high incidence and mortality rates require emerging prevention and detection measures. In this context, the duality of a healthy lifestyle and chemoprevention are the fundamental pillars of reducing CRC incidence rates. Specifically, aspirin can infer the progression of normal colonic mucosa to adenocarcinoma. Methodology: Observational literature review. Twenty-one articles registered in electronic databases in English and Spanish were analyzed. In the search for studies according to the eligibility criteria, keywords in English and Spanish were applied, along with Boolean search operators. Information was collected following the PRISMA guidelines and its PICO strategy. Data were recorded in customized tables. Results: Most of the studies consulted support the protective effect of aspirin not only in preventing CRC cancer but also in treating this neoplasm and its recurrence. On the other hand, in vitro and rat studies have supported the usefulness of aspirin in combination with other compounds such as cisplatin and gamma-tocopherol. Conclusions: Aspirin has proven helpful in the chemoprevention of CRC and has also shown a protective effect in the treatment and recurrence of already diagnosed CRC.