Prevalencia de maloclusión en escolares de 6 y 12 años de las escuelas Héroes de Verdeloma y Daniel Muñoz del cantón Biblian - 2018

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion in school children of 6 and 12 years of the Héroes de Verdeloma and Daniel Muñoz schools of the Biblián Canton in the period 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research was observational, cross-sectional and descriptive, applied to a sample of 281 school children, aged 6 and 12, made up of 165 men and 116 women, who were evaluated clinically, based on the Angle classification, for determine its degree of malocclusion. RESULTS: The results showed the following: of the total population studied, the prevalence of malocclusion was 49.8%, while 50.2% presented normocclusion. According to the age, 6-year-old schoolchildren presented 49.5% of malocclusion, while those of 12 years of age presented 50.5%, being mostly afcted; a bivariate analysis was performed and statistical significance was found when relating age with malocclusion (p = 0.005). According to sex, men obtained 58.8% of malocclusion and women 41.2% of affectation, according to their origin, schoolchildren of rural origin presented 59.5% of malocclusion being the most vulnerable, since, the of urban origin obtained 40.5%. Regarding the molar class, class I was the most prevalent with 50.2%, followed by class III with 32%. CONCLUSIONS: The study determined that half of the studied population presented a certain degree of malocclusion, being the age of 12 years, male sex and schoolchildren of rural origin the most affected. Class I was the most prevalent, followed by class III.