“La pintura para desarrollar psicomotricidad fina en niños preescolares con trastorno del espectro autista”

Abstract

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face problems and challenges in developing fine motor skills. This can vary in intensity and manifestation from child to child, and the most common challenge is hand-eye coordination. This research aims to assess the contribution of the scientific literature regarding the use of painting in developing fine psychomotor skills in preschool children with ASD. This is a literature review with an exploratory and descriptive approach. The data were collected from repositories such as Google Scholar, SciELO, Redalyc, Web of Science, and Dialnet, and the following results were obtained: Dactyl painting has a significant impact on developing fine motor skills and encourages the development of imagination and creativity. It also facilitates the mastery of balance, motor coordination control, and spatial-temporal orientation. It was concluded that painting improves motor skills, particularly hand-eye coordination, social participation, strength stimulation, muscular flexibility, finger precision control, body awareness, precision in fine movements, and emotional expression. The most effective strategies to improve fine motor skills with the use of painting as a pedagogical strategy include finger painting, the use of brushes and sponges, painting with unconventional objects, painting in different positions, painting outdoors, corporate painting games, exploration of colors and textures, and the creation of patterns and shapes.