Eficacia de los alambres retrógrados laterales versus los alambres retrógrados cruzados en el manejo de las fracturas supracondíleas del codo en niños: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Supracondylar elbow fractures are among the most common bone injuries in children, accounting for 70% of all elbow fractures. They are classified using the Gartland Classification System and require appropriate treatment to prevent complications such as loss of mobility or angular deformities. Thus, the choice of fixation method, whether lateral or crossed retrograde wires, can significantly influence clinical outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of lateral retrograde wires versus crossed retrograde wires in the management of supracondylar elbow fractures in children, in terms of bone healing, functionality, and postoperative complications. Methods: A systematic review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statements, utilizing Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms to facilitate information retrieval from various databases. Additionally, the ROB-1 tool for randomized clinical trials and the Review Manager (RevMan) software were used. Results: The findings indicate that both methods have advantages and disadvantages in terms of efficacy and safety. The studies analyzed revealed that lateral retrograde wires tend to provide greater fixation stability, resulting in a lower rate of postoperative complications. On the other hand, crossed retrograde wires are preferred in certain cases due to their ease of use and shorter surgical time. However, the variability of the results suggests that the choice of method should be individualized based on the specific characteristics of each fracture and patient. Keywords: retrograde wires, consolidation, supracondylar fractures