“La estimulación temprana en el desarrollo psicomotor de los niños de 0 a 2 años”

Abstract

The lack of early stimulation in children causes various problems in physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and language development. Early stimulation is fundamental in early childhood because it provides enriching experiences in psychomotor development. This research aims to determine the contribution of the scientific literature on early stimulation for the psychomotor development of 0 to 2-year-old children. To achieve this goal, a literature review was conducted in the Digital Database of the Catholic University of Cuenca, in the repositories of Google Scholar, SciELO, Redalyc, Web of Science, and Dialnet. Fifteen scientific articles on early stimulation and psychomotor skills were identified, and only six were selected because they directly relate to this research topic. The main findings are improving and favoring motor and cognitive skills in child development through early stimulation, contributing to the development of the socioemotional area through the integration of playful practices, sensory stimulation, and affective interaction, and promoting critical elements for developing psychomotor skills in early childhood. Likewise, the combination of sensory stimulation techniques, games and ludic activities, gross and fine motor stimulation exercises, social and affective interaction, and the adequate use of didactic material emerge as an integral approach to enhance motor and cognitive development during early childhood. At the end of this research, a pedagogical proposal is presented with early stimulation techniques for the psychomotor development of 0 to 2-year-old children.