Optimización de envolventes para el aislamiento térmico en el diseño de viviendas rurales de Tarqui

Abstract

The research focuses on the importance of architectural envelopes in rural housing in Tarqui, Ecuador, and their optimization to improve thermal insulation. In an environment characterized by low temperatures and high humidity, various construction techniques and materials are analyzed, ranging from adobe to brick and cement blocks, evaluating their impact on thermal comfort and energy efficiency. Significant problems in insulation are identified, resulting in increased energy consumption and affecting the quality of life of the inhabitants. Although Ecuadorian regulations establish guidelines for adequate insulation, many constructions in Tarqui do not comply, highlighting the need for sustainable strategies adapted to the local climate. The research employs on-site measurements and energy simulations to propose solutions that integrate traditional and modern materials. Techniques such as blown insulation, SATE systems, insulating panels, and thermal paints are suggested, each contributing to the reduction of thermal transmittance. The results indicate that the houses in Tarqui exceed the established limits, suggesting the adoption of new construction strategies to achieve adequate levels of thermal comfort. The integration of bioclimatic solutions can enhance the comfort of residents and contribute to the sustainable development of the region.