Factores sociales asociados a la depresión en niños y adolescentes: Una revisión bibliográfica mediante el PRISMA.

Abstract

Introduction: Depression is a psychological disorder that affects mental health worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which social factors are associated with depression in the child and adolescent population, being this group one of the most vulnerable. Objective: This research aims to analyze the social factors associated with depression in children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years. Methodology: A search was conducted in high-impact databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify the most relevant literature regarding social components correlated with depression in individuals under 18. Results: A total of 13 studies were included in this research. The findings are based on the relationship between contextual elements and depression. The following factors were identified: a) social isolation, b) socioeconomic problems, c) bullying, d) gender-based violence, e) racial discrimination, f) addiction to video games and social media, g) teenage pregnancy, h) substance abuse, and i) lack of social support. Conclusion: This research provides a summary of the relationship between social components and depressive psychopathology. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive framework for identifying and evaluating mental health in this developing population.