Tratamiento rehabilitador de la parálisis cerebral infantil. Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Background: This systematic review analyzes the problems of rehabilitative treatment in children with infantile cerebral palsy (ICP). Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment in children with ICP, analyzing its impact on motor function, autonomy, and quality of life of patients through a systematic review of updated and relevant scientific literature. Methods: This review was based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines; observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were employed. Results: A remarkable variability could be appreciated in the effectiveness of the assessment scales, specifically the Bobath Foundation Scale and the Gross Motor Function Scale (GMFM). The Bobath Scale indicated greater consistency in evaluating motor and functional development, while the GMFM effectively measured specific changes in gross motor function over time. The positive predictive value of the Bobath Scale ranged from 70% to 95%, depending on clinical context and type of Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), whereas the GMFM ranged from 60% to 90%. Regarding the negative predictive value, the GMFM had a more consistent performance, approximately 75%-98%, compared to the Bobath Scale at 50%-85%. Furthermore, likelihood ratios indicated that the GMFM might be more effective in identifying significant functional improvements in children with ICP. Keywords: motor function, cerebral palsy, rehabilitation treatment