Intervenciones de enfermería en tuberculosis multidrogorresistente

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is the type that develops resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, which are the most effective antituberculosis drugs. This resistance generates a significant socioeconomic impact and globally poses a threat to public health. In 2021, around 10.6 million people became ill, making it the deadliest infectious disease. Additionally, there was a 3.1% increase in the number of people with resistant TB compared to the previous year. The treatment for MDR TB involves a combination of second-line drugs along with a few first-line drugs. This research outlines the prevalence, associated factors, complications, treatment, and nursing interventions. The literature review was conducted by exploring scientific papers in various databases using specific search criteria, including papers published from 2018 to the present in English and Spanish. Regarding the key findings, Brazil has the highest prevalence of MDR TB in Latin America at 50.9%. Previous treatment was the most common associated factor in developing resistance. Complications vary due to drug toxicity, affecting various organs. Nursing interventions are crucial in implementing preventive and promotional measures for the successful treatment of MDR TB.