Valor de la luz y sombra en la arquitectura: diseño de anteproyecto de iglesia para la parroquia Guayzimi

Abstract

This thesis examines the relevance of light and shadow in religious architecture, with an emphasis on the design of a preliminary project for the church of the Guayzimi parish, located in the Nangaritza canton, in the province of Zamora Chinchipe. It is based on the premise that natural lighting is a fundamental resource for enhancing the spiritual and symbolic experience in sacred spaces; however, in this community, this resource has not been properly addressed. The general objective is to propose an architectural design that makes use of lighting principles, harmoniously integrating the environmental, urban, and social factors of the context. The methodology is structured in three phases: first, a theoretical and bibliographic review is conducted on the role of light in religious architecture; second, a historical and comparative analysis of its evolution over time is carried out, along with an analysis of global precedents; and finally, a contextual study of the site is developed, considering the solar path, climatic conditions, natural environment, and social dynamics of the parish. As a result, a preliminary architectural design is obtained, based on these analyses and including plans, renderings, and modeling, enabling the materialization of an ecclesiastical space that reinforces spirituality and community symbolism.