Diagnostico serológico en enfermedades tropicales. Revisión Sistemática.

Abstract

Background: Tropical diseases are characterized by being infectious and epidemic in nature; thus, they remain a health problem globally in tropical areas, causing a health problem, so they should be diagnosed promptly to prevent spread. Therefore, it is proposed to identify what the serological techniques for the diagnosis of tropical diseases are. The general objective is to describe the diagnosis of tropical diseases through the use of different serological techniques. Methodology: The research was carried out by obtaining scientific reviews and original articles that meet the inclusion criteria: published within the last 5 years, in English and Spanish, and comprising clinical trial articles and systematic reviews, observational studies, and accessible articles. The sources of information were obtained using Google Scholar and the following databases: SciELO, Elsevier, PubMed, Frontiers, National Institutes of Health (NHI), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Redalyc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Clinical Microbiology, Springer and Oxford, using the keywords tropical diseases, serological techniques, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), immunoglobulins. Results: The different serological techniques for the diagnosis of these diseases were explained. The importance of early diagnosis was highlighted, according to epidemiological studies, to implement the appropriate preventive measures and to establish vaccination campaigns and thus reduce the incidence of cases. Conclusions: it was demonstrated that serological techniques are important, accessible, and reliable to perform an optimal diagnosis for the detection of these diseases. Keywords: tropical diseases, serological techniques, ELISA, immunoglobulins