Paradigmas actuales en el tratamiento de enfermedad hepática esteatósica asociada a disfunción metabólica

Abstract

Liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction has emerged as a significant clinical entity within hepatology. It is characterized by hepatic fat infiltration, excluding factors such as alcohol consumption or other exogenous substances. Addressing this pathology is of utmost importance due to its growing prevalence and close association with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Despite its clinical relevance, there is no clear consensus on the optimal treatment for this condition. This literature review aims to establish a standardized approach to the treatment of this disease. Evidence indicates that hygiene, dietary measures, and exercise are effective at all stages of the disease, even in reversing fibrosis. However, adherence to these general measures is low, necessitating the exploration of pharmacological treatments. Currently, regulatory bodies have not approved specific pharmacological treatments for this condition. The results indicate that the use of pioglitazone and vitamin E are effective therapeutic approaches for treating this pathology and are supported by international societies; however, they are not exempt from adverse effects, which is why the use of other pharmacological therapies has been considered in this review