Infiltrado de adipocitos en médula ósea y su relación con la progresión del mieloma múltiple

Abstract

TITLE: Adipocyte Infiltration in Bone Marrow and Its Relationship with the Progression of Multiple Myeloma OBJECTIVE: This research aims to determine the relationship between adipocyte infiltration in bone marrow and its relationship with the progression of multiple myeloma. METHODOLOGY: A systematic review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement in the PubMed, Scopus, and WoS databases, searching for clinical trials on adipocyte infiltration in bone marrow and its relationship with disease progression. RESULTS: Ten clinical trial-type research articles that met the eligibility criteria were included. The selected articles determined that bone marrow adipose tissue increased disease progression through the inhibition of adiponectin, the increase of proto-oncogenes, and the decrease of tumor suppressor genes and chemoresistance. A combination of three drugs was effective in 75% of cases in co-cultured cells with normal adipocytes. However, only 46% of the cells inhibited myeloma cell growth in those with increased adipocytes. DISCUSSION: Several studies found that adipose tissue infiltration in the bone marrow was associated with progression from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to symptomatic multiple myeloma phase or chemoresistance in certain patients, although some mechanisms remain unclear. CONCLUSION: Based on the research, adipocyte infiltration in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma is related to disease progression. This is due to the action of adiponectin at the cellular microenvironment level through various signaling pathways, inhibiting cell apoptosis and increasing clonal proliferation.