Enfermería y atención primaria de salud a nivel mundial

Abstract

Introduction: Nursing and Primary Health Care around the world is a subject of transcendental importance with different actions and evolution over the years. Objective: To identify the evolution of nursing, scenarios in which it intervenes, tools used by the nurse, the functions of nursing, and limiting factors of quality in Primary Health Care. Methodology: A bibliographic review was performed based on a total of 58 references, national and international articles were selected from indexed journals, an analogical book, the WHO and PAHO database in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. Additionally, the Boolean operator AND and the descriptors of Health Sciences (DCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were utilized, with search equations: "Community and Nurse and Advance", among others, considering as the main inclusion criteria all information from original articles, valid from 2016 to 2020. Results and discussion: The evolution of nursing stands out due to the creation of a Health Information System, while the main scenarios are focused on intramural and extramural, in which care tools such as ECPs, home visits, etc. are used. Nursing functions are extensive and the execution of promotion, prevention, rehabilitation, and follow-up activities predominates, although these may be limited by complications in communication, territorial mobilization, lack of knowledge, and scarcity of technological instruments. Conclusions: In conclusion, the importance of nursing work and the evident advances in its role can be seen.