Vulnerabilidad psicológica en niños víctimas de violencia física

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the psychological vulnerability and behavioral manifestations present in children who have experienced physical violence. The study was conducted using a literature review design with a descriptive scope and a qualitative approach, involving a review of scientific research related to child physical abuse, emotional consequences, behavioral problems, and family factors associated with experiences of violence. This review was based on an analysis of seven scientific articles that addressed the psychological consequences of physical abuse, patterns of child vulnerability, and behavioral disturbances resulting from coercive parenting practices. It was found that children exposed to violent family environments are at greater risk of developing patterns of psychological vulnerability when the home ceases to be a place of safety, protection, and emotional stability. The scientific literature reviewed indicates that these experiences affect the development of attachment and self-concept. Furthermore, physical abuse during childhood is associated with anxiety, persistent fear, social withdrawal, low self-esteem, aggression, impulsivity, irritability, difficulties in emotional regulation, and problems with social and school adjustment, as well as academic performance, interpersonal relationships, and their perception of the environment. It was concluded that childhood physical abuse is a multifactorial issue that compromises the psychological, emotional, and social well-being of children. This review provides a broader understanding of the emotional and behavioral consequences of physical abuse while also encouraging future research on psychological interventions aimed at the comprehensive protection of children and the development of healthier coping strategies.