Potencial terapéutico del extracto liofilizado de alcachofa (Cynara scolymus) en el tratamiento del barro biliar en perros: Estudio de casos

Abstract

Biliary sludge is a common hepatobiliary condition in canines, characterized by the accumulation of echogenic sediment within the gallbladder, and is associated with the risk of developing cholelithiasis and other liver complications. In response to the need for alternative therapies, this study evaluated the therapeutic potential of lyophilized extract of Cynara scolymus (artichoke) for the treatment of biliary sludge in dogs. A case study was conducted with two dogs diagnosed with type II biliary sludge, which received artichoke extract (20 mg/kg every 12 hours) for 60 days. The treatment was monitored through sequential ultrasound evaluations and liver biochemical analyses performed before, during, and after the protocol. Results showed a progressive reduction of echogenic material in the gallbladder, transitioning from type II to type I sludge by the end of the treatment. A decrease in cholestatic markers such as alkaline phosphatase and total and direct bilirubin was observed, along with stable values for total proteins and cholesterol. Although the small sample size limits broader conclusions, the findings suggest hepatoprotective and choleretic effects of the artichoke extract. It is concluded that lyophilized Cynara scolymus extract represents a promising phytotherapeutic alternative for managing biliary sludge in veterinary medicine, supporting further studies with controlled designs and larger populations. Keywords: biliary sludge, cynara scolymus, veterinary medicine, hepatoprotection, phytotherapy