Redes sociales, imagen corporal y trastornos de alimentación: bulimia/anorexia en adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Background: Social media significantly influences body perception, contributing to the development of eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents, like bulimia and anorexia nervosa. This systematic review aims to determine the relationship between social media influence and body image perception in adolescents with eating disorders, specifically anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Methods: The inclusion criteria considered studies published within the last 11 years (2014-2025), focusing on the adolescent age group, including cross-sectional studies from databases such as ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Articles that did not meet these established criteria were excluded. The PRISMA tool was used for synthesizing the results, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was employed as a parameter for evaluating quality and bias. Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies reflected significant associations between social media use and a distorted body image perception in adolescents. Discussion: Based on the scientific evidence collected, which primarily focused on EDs (bulimia and anorexia nervosa), there is a highlighted higher prevalence among adolescent females, as this evidence confirms that social media content emphasizing beauty ideals and body image contributes to greater body dissatisfaction, leading to unhealthy behaviors associated with these disorders.