Efectividad e inmunogenicidad de la vacuna contra el dengue tetravalente recombinante CYD-TDV versus la vacuna TAK-003. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue remains a significant public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions; therefore, vaccination represents a preventive strategy that complements vector control. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and immunogenicity of the recombinant tetravalent vaccine CYD-TDV versus the TAK-003 vaccine. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 methodology. The search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ScienceDirect, considering publications from 2019 to 2024. Twenty-two human studies evaluating the efficacy, effectiveness, immunogenicity, or safety of CYD-TDV and TAK-003 were included. The results were synthesized narratively and in tabular form, without estimating a pooled overall effect measure. Results: TAK-003 showed favorable results across several clinical outcomes, with an initial efficacy of 80.2% against virologically confirmed dengue and protection against hospitalization ranging from 84.1% to 90.4%. Its immune response was sustained, with higher titers against DENV-2, although with relatively lower performance against DENV-3. CYD-TDV showed better results in seropositive individuals, but limitations were observed in seronegative individuals due to the described risk of hospitalization or severe dengue. Conclusions: TAK-003 may have greater applicability in populations with heterogeneous serological status, whereas CYD-TDV remains mainly useful in people with documented prior infection. Keywords: dengue, tetravalent dengue vaccine, CYD-TDV, TAK-003, immunogenicity